EXPOSITION. OHAPTER XIV. in Leviticus Is wholly omitted in Deute- IJEATITEN OosTOMS OF MounNING TO BE ronomy. 4. Winged insects are forbidden without exception in Deuteronomy; in AVOIDED, No ABOMINABLE THING TO BE Leviticus, the locust and certain other in- EATEN, MEATS 0LEAN AND UNOLEAN, sects of the same kind are excepted. 5. Some TITHES. slight differences in the order of enumera- Vere. 1-21.-Israel, as the people of God, tion appear. chosen by him to be his children by adoption, Ver. 5.-The hart; ayyal (S•N), probably must not only abstain from idolatry, but also tlte falkna deer, or deer gen~~ally. The avoicl all heathenish usages and practices, roebuck; tsebi (•:;i~), the gazelle ( Gazella such as those connected with mourning for Arabica). The fallow deer; yachmur(,mr.•), the dead, and those pertaining to the me of the roebuck. The wild goat; akko C,pt:t), ·the food. i'bez. The pygarg; dishon (p:ii•:,), some kind Ver. 1.-Ye are the ohildren of Jehovah of antelope, probably the Gazella Dorcas. your God (cf. Exod. iv. 22, etc.), As his The wild ox; the'o (iNi:,), probably the children, it behoved them to avoid all that bubale, or wild cow of the Arabs ( A lcephalus would be offensive to him or indicate dis- bubalis), a species of antelope. The chamois; trust in him. Ye shall not cut yourselves, zamer (7D,J), probably the wild sheep (Oris etc. (cf. Lev. xix. 28; xxi. 5; Jer. xvi. 6; Tragelaphus. xlviii.36,37; Ezek.vii.18; xxvii.31). ("Ex Ver. 13.-The glede; ra'ah (;,~:,). This hac opinione sun t illo. varia et detestabilia gcnel'II, lugendi, predores, muliebres lacera- word occurs only here, and it is ·supposed tiones genarum, pectoris, feminU.1D, capitis by some that, by an error of the copyist, percussiones." Cicero, 'Tmc. Quaist.,' iii. substituting , for ,, it has come instead ot :w; see also 'De Legibus,' ii. 25.) ;iN,, as used in Lev. xi. 14. But it is Ver, 2.-(Cf. eh. vii. 6.) The reason as- m'"o~e probable, as above suggested, that the signed here is an emphatio expansion of da'ah of Leviticus is represented by the the statement in ver. 1. dayyah or Deuteronomy, and that conse- Ver. 3.-Any abominable thing. Any qneritly the reading ra' ah should be re- abomination, i.e. anything which is an abomi- tained. This word, derived from ;i~:,, to see, nation to the Lord, having been by him pro- to look, would appropriately designate a bird 11ounced unclean and fo1·bidden ; " anything of keen sight, one of the hawk species. The which I have put far away from you (i.e. bird intended may be 11 buzzard, of which made to be abominable to you) " (Targum there are now several kinds in Palestine. Jonath.). "Every creature of God is good,'' Ver. 21.-(Cf. Lev. xvii. 15; Exod. xxiii. l!J; and '' there is nothing unclean of itself" xui v. 2G.) The stranger that is in thy gates. (l Tim_. iv. 4; Rom. xiv. 14); ••but by the "The uncircumcised stranger that is in thy ordin1mce of God, certain creatures, meats, cities" (Targum), i.e." a. heathen who takes o.nd drinks were made unclean to the Jews, upon him that he will serve no idol, with ... and this taught them holiness in ab- the residue of the commandments which sto.ining from the impme commnuion with were commanded to the sons of Noah, but the wicked " (Ainsworth). is not circumcised nor baptized (i\foimonides, Vern. 4-20.-'fhe regulations hero con- 'Issure Biah,' eh. xiv. § 7)" (Ainsworth\ cerning food, o.nd the animals tho use of Alien; a foreigner, one not resident in the which is forbidden, are substantially the land of Israel. same as in Lev. ii, 'fhere are, however, some Vere. 22-29.-A tithing of each year's differences between the two accounts which produce of the cultivated ground was to be may be noticed. I. lu Deuteronomy, the mammals which may be useu fur food are me.de; and this tithe was to be brougb t to severally specified as well us desoribed by the plo.ce which the Lord should choose, tho geuerr,,l cho.rncteristio of the class; in as also the firstling of tl1e herds and flocks; Leviticus, only the latter deseription is and lhere a sacrificial m,·al was to be par- given. 2, In the list of fowls which m11y taken of, that Israel might learn to feo.r not be eaten, the ra'ah (glede) is mentioned Jehovah their God always, reverencing him in Deuteronomy, but not in Leviticus; and tho bil·d whioh in the one is called da'ah, is as their Ruler, and rejoicing in him as the in the other called dayyah (vulture). a. 'l'he Giver of all good. class of reptiles which is carefully described V11r. 22.-Thy seed. "Seed" here l'efers 238 THE BOOK OF DEUTERONOMY. [err. XIV, 1-20.
to plnnt• a• well RB what is I'Rised from barbarous potion, or tho fruit of tho palm FeC'<l (<'f. Jer. ii. 21; Ezek. xvii. 5, 6). Tho [dates], is expressed into liquor, and the r<'fNC'nPe is to the second or festival tithe duller water is coloured by the prepared which wns exc.lusively of vegetables. fruits" (Jerome,' De Vit. Cler.'). - Ver. 2-1.-In the lnnd of Canaan, RS the Vers. 28, 29.-Evcry third year the whole people would be dispersed over a wide tract, tithe of the year's produce was to be set it might happen thnt the place which the apart, not to be brought to the sauotuo.ry to Lord should choose wns Rt such a distance be oaten before the Lord, but as a portion from the usual residence of many that to in their towns for the Levite, the stranger, obsm-Ye this injunction would be to them the widow, and the fatherless. The ond of ,ery difficult, ii· not impossible. To meet three years; i.~. as the third year expired, this, therefore, it was enacted tl,at the consequently, lll the lclst year of the trien- tithe might be commuted into money, and nium (eh. xxvi. 12 I; just as•• the end of seven with this the things required for the sacri- years" means each seventh year (eh. xv. 1; ficial m<'als at the sanctuary might be xxxi. 10; Jer. xxxiv. 14). 'rhis was not an purchased. additional tithe, but the former differently Ver. 26. - Strong drink; shecar (~~). applied ; tho tithe of the first and second "Anv drink which can inebriate, whether years was to be eaten before the Lord at the that is made from grain, or the juice of apples, sanctuary ; the tithe of the third year was or when honey is boiled into a sweet and for the poor and needy.
HOMILETICS.