o. ,oinur11er. Ae a " stranger" and " me.y do great dAme.ge to the loaves l\nd the "sojourner," Jitcob chnrged hie sons not to smaller branches. bury him in Egypt, but in tlie laud of Ver. 34.-He ~pe.ke, e.nd the locusts oama Canaan. with his fathers (Gen. xlix. 29; 1. (see Exod. x. 13, 14). And oa.terpille.rs . .'i). (For the use of the periphrasis, " litnd Either a kind of locust, or the looust e.t one of Hnm," instead of Egypt, see below, ver. period of its growth. Not mcntiouocl in 27 ; and <'omp. Pe. c,i. 22.) Exodus. And that without number (see ,er. 24.-And he increased hia people Exod. x. 14, 15). greatly (comp. E1.:od. i. 7, 12, 20). And Ver. 35.-And did ee.t up all the herbs in made them stronger than their enemies. So their le.nd, e.nd devoured the fruit of thoir the Pl,nraoh who introduced the hard bond- ground (comp. Exod. x. 15, "They [i.~. a~e," The people of the children of Israel aro the locusts] did ee.t every herb of the laud, more and mightier than we" (Exod. i. 9). and nil the fruit of the trees whioh Lhe hail. , er. 25. -He turned their heart to hate had left"). his peopl.e. Not by direct action on their Ver. 36.-He smote also all the firstborn heart, but by prospering Israel nutil their in their le.nd (see Exod. xii. 29). The chief jealousy was stirred. To deal subtilly with of all their strength (comp. Ps. lxxviii. 51). his servants ( comp. Exod. i. 10). Ver. 37.-He brought them forth also Yer. 26. -He sent Moses his servant. The with silver and gold (Exod. xii. 35, 36 ; mission of :Moses is related in Exod. iii. comp. iii. 21, 22). And there was not one 10-18; i-.. 1-9. And Ae.ron whom he feeble person among their tribes; literally, had chosen. (For Aaron's mbsion, see there was not one that stumbled among their Exod. iv. 14-17.) tribes, or among ltia tribes. Probably there Vc>r. 27.-They showed his signs among were many feeble pel'sons, who were carried them; literally, the matters of his signs; i.e. on beasts of bur.Jen, or in onrts, or by their his long series of signs. Anron showed the friends. But all those who walked had earlier si;ns generally (Exod. vii. 10, 19, strength given to them, and did not stumble 20; viii. 6, 17), Moses the le.ter ones (Exod. by the way (comp. Isa. v. 27). ix. l 0, 23 ; L 13, 22). ADd wonders in the Ver. 38.-Egypt we.s gle.d when they land of Ham ( comp. ver. 23 and Ps. cvi. 22). departed (see Exod. xi. I, 8; xii. 31, 33). Ver. 28.-He sent darkness, and me.de it For the fear of them fell npon them. 'l'be dark (see Exod. L 21-23). And they Egyptians "were urgent upon the people, rebelled not against his word. If the "not" the.t they might send them ont of the land is to staud in this passage, it mnst be in baste; for they said, We be all dead referred to Moses and Aaron. P1·ofessor men " (Exod. xii. 33). Cheyne, however, following the Septuagint Yer. 39.-He spread a cloud for a coirer- and Peshito versions, boldly cancels the ing. The "pillar of the cloud" is intended. "not." It was a "covering" to the Israelites on Ver. 29.-Re turned their waters into the night of the passe.go of the Red Sea bl.ood, and slew their fish (comp. Exod. vii (Exod. xiv. 19, 20), and perhaps also to 20, 21). some extent in the wil<lcmess, when it may Ver. 30.-Their le.nd brought forth frogs have sheltered them from the sun's rays in abllll.da.nce (Exod. viii 6). In the (Hengstenberg); but its main purpose was chambers of their kings (sec Exod. viii. 8; to direct them on their way (Exod. xiv. 21), and comp. ver. 8). to tell them when to move and when to Ver. 31.-He spake, e.nd there ea.me stop, and how long to stop (Exod. xl. 36- divers sorts of files. The 'arob is now 38). .&..nd fire to give light in the night. geuere.lly thought to be either the dog-fly By night the "pillar of the oloud" became (1wv6,u.vui, LXX.) or some sort of beetle a " pillar of fire," shedding e. certain (see the comment on Exod. viii. 21). Aud radiance around, e.nd giving the people lioe in all their coasts; rather, gnats (see on under all circumstances sufficient light Exod. viii. 17). (Exod. xiii. 21 ; xl. 38). Yer. 32.-He gave them hail for re.in (see Ver. 40.-The people asked, and he Exod ix. 23). And flaming fire in their br!Klght quils; literally, they asked (comp. land; i.e. lightning, described in Exod. ix. Exod. xvi. 3, 13; Numb. xi. 31). And 23 llB "fire that ran along npon the ground." satisfied them with the bread of hee.ven. Ver. 33.-He smote their viuea also and The "bread of heaven" is the manna, which their fig trees. The hail "smote every was given to the Israelites continuously herb of the field, and bralre e'Dery tree of the from their first encampment in the wilder- field" (Exod. ix. 25; comp. Pss. lxxviii. ness of Sin (Exod. xvi. 14, 15) to their 47). The sceptical objection that Egypt first Passover in Canaan (Josh. v. 12). 'l'he had no vines Las long been given up. And que.ils seem to he.ve been given only twice. brake the trees of their coasts. Hail, Ver. 41.-He opened the rook, and ths though it cunnot "brealt" trees of any size, we.tars gushed, out (see lljxod, xvii. 5, 6, and PR, OV, 1-45.] THE BOOK OF PSALMS. 417
Numb. xx. 8-11). They ran in the dry Ver. 44.-And gave them the lands of plaoes like a river. A poetice.l exaggeration the heathen (see Josh. viii.-xii.). And of Numb. xx. 11, "'.rhe wo.ter ce.me out they inherited the labour of the people; nbund1mtly, o.nd the congregation w:e.nk, rather, of the people, (comp. Deut. vi. 10, 11). o.nd their bensts also." Ver. 45.-That they might obaeTVe his Ver. 42.-l!'or he remembered his holy statutes, and keep his le.we. This was promise, and Abraham; i.e. his covene.nt God's purpose. How far Isre.el was from with Abrnhe.m to bring his seed into the carrying it out appears from the historical Holy Lo.nd. His servant (comp. ver. 6). books generally, and perhaps still more Ver. 43.-And brought forth bis people from the writings of the prophets (see with joy, and his chosen with gladness. 2 Kings xvii. 7-23; 2 Chron. xxxvi. H - The "bringing forth " intended is that of 17; Isa. i. 2-23; Jer, ii. 5-37; Hos. iv. the Israelites from the wilderness into 1-18, etc.). Praise ye the Lord (comp. Canoo.n. It was naturally e.ttended with Pas. civ. 35; cvi. 1, 48; cxi. I; cxii. 1; cxiii. much "joy" and "gle.tlness." 1, eto.).