The Pulpit Commentary — Proverbs — Section 73

sist<'d of two parts, the gath (equivalent to "to f<;.)ect," and then "to despise nnd con• the L11 tin 1-0rcularium. 1-0rc?tl1tm, or t,n-cular; temn.' Tho Te.rgum Jonathan puts the Greek, >-1Jvos, ifott. xxi. 33), into whicll tile thought in a stronger form, ne exeareris, grapes were Ml!ected from the surrounding "do not curse." They despise the chasten- \"ineyard, and there trodden underfoot by ing of Jehovah who, when they see his hand several persons (Neh. xiii. 15; Isa. lxiii. 3; iu it, do not humbly aud submissively bow, Lam. i. 15), whose movements were regu- but resist nnd become refractory, or, us it is lated by singing or shouting (Isa.. xvi. 10; expressed in eh. xi.x. 3, when their •• heart Jer. xlviii. 33), as among the Greeks (see fretteth ngaiust the Lord." Job, notwith- • A then.,' v. p. 199, a; Ana.croon, 'Od.,' xvii. standing his bitter complaints, we.a on the 1. Iii.; cf. Theocritus, vii. 25) and Egyptians whole, o.nd in his better moments, e.n (Wil1.-inson, •Man. and Oust.,' vol. ii. pp. examplP of the proper state of mind under 152-157); and the yekev, used here, which correction (see Job i. 21; ii. 10). Jonah, in was a trough of corresponding size, dug into treating contemptuously the procedure .of the ground, or cut out of a rnck, at a, lower God. is an exemplification of the contrary level. to receive the must. The yekev cor- spirit, which is condemned implicitly in the responded with the Greek v..-o>-fwwv, men- text (Ww:dle.w). Chaste11ing (musar); i.e. tioned in Mark xii. I, and the Latin 1,a,cu,s correction not by reproof only, as in eh. vi. (Ovid,• Fasti,' v. 888; Pliny, • Epist.,',ix. 20 ; -23 and viii. 30; but by punishment also ..ns in • Colum. de Rust.,' xii. IS); Cajeterus, in- eh. xiii. 24; xxii. 15. The meaning here is deed, reads, lacus torcularii. The word expressed by the LXX. ..-a,B•ia, which is yekev is, however, used for the wine-press "instruction by punishment," discipline, or itself in Job xxiv. 11 and 2 Kings vi. 27. schooling (cf. Vulge.te, disciplina ). Neither Shall 001st out (yiph'1otsu); literally, they be weary (al-takotB); i.e. do not loathe, Bhall extend themselves; i.e. shall overflow. e.bbor, feel disgust nor vexation towards. PamtB, "to break," is here used metaphori- The expression, "do not loathe.," is a climax cally in the sense of" to be redundant," "to to the other, "despise not." It represents e. overflow" ( cf. 2 Sam. v. 20). It is employed more deeply seated aversion to Jehove.b's intransitively of a people spreading them- plans. Gesenius takes the primary meaning selves abroad, or increasing, in Gen. xxviii. of kuts to be that of vomiting. The word 14; Exod. i 12. New wi11e (tirosh); Vul- before us certainly denotes loathing or gate, Arabic, and Syriac, -Di110; LXX., otvq,; nausea, e.nd is used in this sense by the properly, e.s in the Authorized Version, Israelites in their complaints against God "new wine;" Latin, mustum (see Dent. and against Moses in Numb. xxi. 5 (cf. Gen. xxxiii. 28; Isa. xxxvi. 17; Iv. I). xxvii. 46). 'fhe writer of the Epistle to the Ver. 11.-My son, despise not the chasten- Hebrews, in quoting the passage, adopts ing of the Lord. The teacher, in vers. 11 the LXX. reading, µ.:q 01<>.6ov, " nor faint; " and 12, passes to another phase of life. The Vulgate, ne deficias, i.e. "do not give way thought of prosperity suggests the opposite to despondency." Correction, This word, one of adversity. Abundant prosperity shall like musar above, bas a twofold meaning of fluw from honouring Jehovah, but be some• either punishment or chastening, as in Pa. times and not unfreqnently sends affliction, lxxiii. 14; or reproof, as in eh. i. 23 ; xxv. aud, indeed, without this life would be in• 30; v. 12; xxvii. 5; xxix. 15, where it complete. The object of the exhortation is, also occurs. It is here used in the former as Delitzsch states, to show that, as in sense. To loo.the the correction of Jehovah prosperity God ebould not be forgotten, so is to allow it to completely estrange us from one s!Jould not suffer himself to be estranged him. We faint under it when, by dwelling by days of adversity. Submission is coun- on or brooding over, or bemoaning the triii_l, selled on the ground that, when Jehovah the spirit sinks to faintness. 'l'o faint e.t afflicts, he does so in the spirit of love, e.nd correction igno1·es tha belief in the truth for good. The "chastening" e.nd "correc- that "o.11 things work together for good to tion," though presenting God in an attitude them that love God." of auger, are in reality not the punishment Ver. 12.-In this verse the motive for of an imte God. The verse before us is submissiveness t.o Jehovab's corrections is evidently copied from Job v. 17, "llehold, brought forward, They are corrections, but happy is the man whom God corrocajh, they are the corrections of love. One of the therefore despise not thou the chastening of most touching refotionships of life, o.nd that the Almighty; " and the whole passage is with which we nre ,most familiar, viz. that cited a.gain in the Epistle to the Hebrews of father and son; is employed• to reconcile (Heb. xii. 5, 6). It has been said that us to Jehove.h's afflictive disponsations. ver. 11 expresses the problem of the I.look A comparison is drawn. God corrects of Job, and ver. 12 its solution (Delitzsch). those whom be loves after the same manner Despise not (al-timas); Vulgate, ne abjicias; e.s e. father corrects (" correcteth •• has to be LXX., µ.1} ""-''Y~P"· The verb maas is first understood from the first hemistich) the OH, III, 1-35.J THE PROVERBS. 59