The Pulpit Commentary — Ecclesiastes — Section 121

II. INTEREST. To know, to love, to serve God,-this is our highest and truest interest. 1. It means the possession of his Divine favour; and that surely is much, not to say everything, to us. 2. It constitutes our real, because our spiritual, well-being; it causes us thereby and therein to realize the ideal of our humanity; we are at our very best imaginable when we are in fellowship with God and aro possessing his likeness. 8. It secures to us a happy life below, filled with hallowed contentment, and charged with sacred joy, while it conducts to a future which will be crowned with immortal glory. III. AFFECTION. To live in the service of Jesus Christ is to act as our human relationships demand that we should act. It is to give the deepest and purest sati~ faction to those from whom we have received the most self-denying love; it is also to lead those for whom we have the strongest affection in the way of wisdom, in the paths of honour, joy, eternal life.-C. Vers. 13--16.-Circumstance and character. This very obscure passage is thus rendered by Cox (' The Quest of the Chief Good'): "Happier is a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king, who even yet bas not learned to be admonished. For ~ prisoner may go from a prison to a throne, whilst a king may become a beggar in hls own kingdom. I see all the living who walk under the sun flocking to the sociable youth who standeth up in his place; there is no end to the multitude of the people over whom he ruleth. Nevertheless, those who live after him will not rejoice in him; for e,·en this is vanity and vexation of spirit." Thus read, we have a very clear meaning, and we are reminded of a very valuable lesson. We may learn- I. THE VANITY OF TRUSTING IN CIRCUMSTANCE APART FROM CH.AR.AOTER. It is welt enough to bear a-royal name, to have a royal retinue, to move among royal surroundings. Old age may forget its infirmities in the midst of its rank, its honours, its luxuries. But when royalty is dissevered from wisdom, when it has not learned by experience, but has grown downwards rather than upwards, the outlook is poor enough. 'I'he foolish king is likely enough to be dethroned, and to "become a beggar in his own kingdom." An exalted position makes a man's follies seem larger than they are; and as they injuriously affect every one, they are likely to lead to universal condemnation and to painful penalty. It is of little use to be enjoying an enviable position if we have not character to maintain and ability to adorn it. 'fhe wheel of fortune will soon take to the bottom the man who is now rejoicing on the top of it. II. THE NEEDLESSNESS OF DESPAIR IN THE DEPTH OF MISFORTUNE. Whilst the old and foolish king may decline and fall, the wise youth, who has been disregarded, will move on and up to honour and to power, and even the condemned prisoner may mount the throne. The history of men and of nations proves that nothing is impossible in the way of recovery and elevation. Man may "hope to rise" from the bottom, as he should "fear to fall" from the top of the scale. Let those who are honestly and conscientioui;ly striving, though it may be with small recognition or recompense, hope to attain to the honour and the reward which are their due. Let those who have suffered saddest disappointment and defeat remember that men may rise from the very lowest estate even to the highest. III. 'I'HE ONE UNFAILING SOURCE OF SATISFACTION. The old and foolish king may deserve to be dethroned, but he may retain his position until he dies; the wise youth 'may fail to reach the honours to which he is entitled; the innocent prisoner may laugnish in his dungeon even until death opens the door and r_eleases him. There is no certainty in this world, where fortune is so fickle, and circumstance cannot be counted upon even by the most sagacious. But there is one thing on which we may reckon, and in which we may take refuge. 'l'o be upright in our heart, to be sound in uur character to be true and faithful iu life-this is to be what is good; it is to enjoy that which is 'best-the favour of God and our own self-respect; it is to move toward that which is blessed-a heavenly future.-C. Vers. 1-3.-0ppression of man by his fellows. Many different phases of humau misery are depicttd in this book, many <.lilferent moods of depression reco~ded; some springing from the disquietude of the writer's mind, others from the d1~~rders he witnessed in the world about him. Sensuous pleasure he had declared (eh. Ill, 12, 13, OH, IV, 1-16.] ECCLESIASTES; OR, THE PREACHER, 105