The Pulpit Commentary — Daniel — Section 362

noted tho.t the BeptlJRgint mo.koe this refe,r !e.s~n_g contempt." This rcRUrrection is not to individuals, but to nntions whoee m,hv1dua.l, not na.tiona.l, a.s shown by the nnmoe sho.11 be found written in the book. contro.sted fates. The doctrine of the resur- Tho~e eeeme nothing to justify such a rection is thus clearly stated. There is no roo.dmg, need to examine how much the Jews of the Ver, 2.-And many of them that sleep in time of the Me.ccabees understood of this the duet of the earth slmll awako, aome to do~trine. Ise.. xxvi. 1~19,a.sclearly asdo~s everlaeting life, and some to shame and this pnssage, procla1ms the same belief. everlasting contempt. The Beptungint ren- Ezek. xxxvii. 1-14 shows that resurrection dering ie, "And many that sleep in the was to the Israelites not such an incon.,.runus breadth (rr,\4•rn) of the earth shall arise, or impossible idea as it was to the Greeks. eome to life ctcnml, and some to reproach, But when is this? We might be led by eome to dispersion (B,a,nropav) and eternal the juxt1tposition of this to tl1e account of the ehnme." These terms, "reproach" and sufferings of the Jews under Antiochua to "dispersion," are different attempts to ren- think that the writer believed the end' of de1· ni:i:i!J (1,•raphoth), "reproaches." The the world would take place immediately on differenc~s between the nbove and Theo- the fa.II of Antiochus. But in the first place dotion are merely verbal : "dispersion" is we must remember that we have not the omitted, xJµaTt, "dust," is instead of ,r,\cl,T.,, vision given to Daniel; it has been replaced The rendering of the Peehitta is, "And by the eleventh chapter. Further, the method me.ny of those that sleep in the duet ehe.ll of prophecy must be borne in mind. Tl1e awake, some to life everlasting, e.nd some to future was made known in vision. If, a.a destruction and contempt of their friends for seems probable, distance in space from the ever." The Vulge.te he.a e. somewhat sin- apparent standpoint of the prophet repre- gular version of the lo.et cle.uee, "And many sented distance in time from bis actual or that sleep in the duet of the earth shall assumed chronological position, then, if the awake, some to life eternal, and some to description of the vision proceeded from one contempt, in order the.t they may always side of the picture to tho other, those things see it (ut videant semper)." Many of them wonld be in close juxtaposition which were that sleep in the dust of the earth. Sleep, as to be far removed from each other chronolo- a symbol of dco.th, is frequent, both in the gically. Thus a.n a.etronomer may place in Old Testament and the New: Ps. xiii. 3; the same constellation ate.re inconceivably J~b iii. 13: for the New Testament, Acts distant from each other-nay, may even vu. 20; 1 Cor. xv. 6. "Duet" is a. common unite o.s one binary star two suns, the one phrase for the grave : Job vii. 21 ; Pse. x.xii. nearer the earth than the other by thousands 30; xxx. 10; Gen. iii. HJ. The reference of millions of miles. So our Lo1·d con-elates here is to those who a.re not only dead, but the destruction of Jerusalem with the end buried. The phruse translated, "duet of the of the world. Moreover, the misery endured earth," literally means" earth of dust." The by the Jewish saints under Antiochue was phrase is so singulo.r that Professor Robertson a type of the sufferings of the people of God Smith has suggested that ineteo.d of reo.ding of every age. 'admath 'aphar, we should reo.d 'armath Ver. 3.-And they that be wise shall shine 'aphar-aram in Arabic meaning a " cairn" as the brightness of the firmament ; and they or" mound." There is, however, a.s Professor that turn many to righteousness a.s the stars Bevan rcmnrks, no instance in Hebrew or for ever and ever. The rendering of the Aramaic of such a word being in use. It is LXX. differs from this considerably, "Those assumed that the reference here (Behrmann, who understand ehe.11 appear as the lights etc.) is to the J ewe a.lone; but for this of heaven, and those that confirm my word assumption there is no justification. While, as the stars of heaven for ever and ever." 011 the one hand, one co.nnot prove from this There seems to be a difference of reading that othe1·e besides Israel shall partake in in the first ale.use. Instead of yazheeroo the resunection; on the other, a.a little cnn 1,•zohar, there seems to ho.rn been yayra'oo we assert that "the J ewe," at the peiiod lcim'ooroth. The verb need in the l\Io.s- when this verse was written, excluded all but soretic text means really "admonish." Jews. We co.nnot deduce that" many" here The noun occurs only in Ezek. xiii. 2. In excludes" nil." The idea suggested is rather the last clause, instead of c•:;i::;;: (harabbeem ), multitudinousness. Shall awake, some to "many," the Septuagint has read ':'~':' everlasting life, and soma to ,hame and e-r,er- (d•boray), "my words." It is difficult to lasting contempt. This is B distinct reference account for the omission of the fine.I CJ unless to the resurrectio11 of the body ; it is thneo from the likeness of !J to :i and 4-i a.n,l .--j that "sleep in the dust" tho.t shall thus (see Corpnslusc. Semit.). 'l'heodotion renders, "awake." It is to be noted thnt o.t the "And they that understnnd shall shine as resurrection tho co11ditio11 of each is fixed the brightness of the firmo.mcnt, BDLl certain fino.lly-it is to "ovcrln.,ting life" o.ull "ever- from amongst tho righteous as the ~tnrs for 888 THE BOOK OF DANIEL. [on, XU, 1-18,