them forth to preach ; " but the title there ,..,pi a,l'Toiv). After the vivid Hebrew meta- may be entirely proleptie, and the deecription phor (Gen. xliii, 30), which the LXX. seldom of their office pa.rtially l!O, ventured to translate literally, but which ia Parle of the section, e.g. eh. ix. 37, SS and common in the New Testo.ment writings. Becan1e they fainted. So the Received much of eh. x., nre recorded in Luke e.s Text ('1<>..,>..vµ.lvo,, of. oh. xv. 82), but the belonging to the mission of the seventy, Revised Version, with manuscripts, "were but which is their original connexion can distressed" (lcr,cu>..µlvo1). :::£,c6.V.,.,, which in hardly be decided. Other parts seem to ~.he cl8.Ssica !s equi-ralent to (1) "flay," (2) have been spoken originally on quite other mangle," 1s found only in the sense of (3) occasions ( eh. x. 17-22, [23], [34, 35 ?], 37, " trouble or harass," in the New Testament (:llfark v. 35 [parallel passage: Luke viii. 88, 39, 40, 42). It would, therefore, appear 49) ; Luke vii. 6). And were scattered thnt St. Matthew wished to lay stress on abroad; Revised Version simply, and scat- the appointment of agents and the kind of tered. (For the thought, cf. Ezek. xx:.xiv. instruction that our Lord gave them, rather 5; also Numb. xxvii. 17; 2 Cbron, xviii. than to distinguish critically between the 16 ; and its parallel passage, 1 Kings xxii. 17.) The two pe.rticiples express different various agents employed and the particular aspects of their now normal e.nd contiouous instructions that Christ gave on eaeh occa- state ( ijcrav lcr,cv,\µ,vo, ,ct&l lp,µ,µlvo, ), Yet the sion when they were sent forth (see further Authorized Version margin, "and lay down,'' on eh. x. 5). is probably nearer the meaning of lp1µ,µ,,110, here than the Authorized Version and Ver. 85.-Parallel passages: llfark vi. 6 Revised Version; cf. 1 Maco. xi. 4 (" They (Luke xiii. 22). And J'esns went about all showed him the temple of Dagon burnt . , . the cities and ( the, Revised Version) villa.gee. and the bodies cast out"); Jer. xiv. 16 The Revised Version rightly restricts the (" The people . , , shall be cast out in the « all " to the cities ( .,.,,_. ,r,!,1..,s ...~eras ,cal Tes streets of Jerusalem . . , and they shall ,ccf,µ.as). It would have been impossible to ~ave none to bury them"), where the thought rnit all the villages. A village was dis- 1B hardly "scattered," but" cast out and lying tinguished from a city by being (I) unwalled prostrate." So here the people are pictured (thongh occasion.ally towns were themselves as sheep harassed and prostrated by fatigue, unwnlled); (2) dependent on the cities (cf. etc.; of. Vulgate, t1exati et jacentes. Aa Schurer, IL i p. 154, seq.). Teaching, etc. sheep having no shepherd ; not having a From this point the verse is identical with ahepherd (Revised Version); cf. the Old eh. iv. 23 (where see notes), except that the Testament passages just referred to, end of that verse, "among the people," is not found in the true text of onr passage, Vers.37,38.-The utterance is given word but has been inserted thence. Its omission for word (except one transposition) at the here and the alteration of the words," in all beginning of the address to the seventy in Galilee," to "all the cities anp. the villages," Luke x. 2. But while serving there e.s o.n are both doe to the wider scope of what introduction to the rest of the speech, the follows. Observe that in eh. iv. 23 our reason for it is so much more self-evident Lord's circuit is the occasion of crowds resorting to him, and serves as an in troduo- here that St. Matthew seems to have recorded tion to a full acooul).t of his personal teach- it in its original connexion. Our Lord him- ing, while here it is the ocea.sion of his self, feeling the shepherdless condition of the sending representa.tives, and serves as an in- people, desires to call out the interest of his troduction to his commission to them. As to disciples in it. He wan ls them to realize both the phrase, " healing all manner of disease and all manner of sickness," notice that the the need of the people and tho possibility recnrrence of terminology (eh. iv. 23; x. 1) that lay before the workmen, Changing falls in with the oral theory, especially in the metaphor, he bids them pray him, who its catechetical form (cf. • Iutroduction,' alone has the right and powe1·, to send more p. iL). workmen to reap these fiolds. Ver. 36.-But when he aaw the multitude& The substance of this verse is found in l\1erk Ver. 37.-Then 1aith he unto hi1 disoiplea, vi. 34 on the return of the apostles, eq ui va- The harveat-of hum1m souls (John iv. 85- lent to onr eh. xiv. 13, 1eq. (cf. aupra). 38). Truly, So also the Revised Version; According to the context, the multitudu too strong a rendering of µIv, Is plenteous here spoken of are those of the various (er. eh. x. 23: Dengel), but the labourers llre .citiea and villages through which he had few, Who besides himself? John the ,passed. Re was moved with compa11ion on Daptist, some who ho.d been healed, e.g. {for, Revised Version) them (lcr,r,\a-yxvlt1'1/ the Gado.rene demoniac (Mllrk v. 20, pos- 'Im. ix. 1--38.J TIIE GOSPEL ACCORDING TO ST. MA.'ITilEW. 2139
11ibly nlso the blind men or ver. 31), nnd illnstrates the thought by a most intcrcstin"' perh11ps a few unknown true believers. Not composite quotation of Isa.. xl. 10 (lxiL the twelve, for these are evidently <listin- 11; Prov. xxiv. 12) nn<l Rev. xxii. 12. That guislied, and only to be inclndc<l under the he will (omit with the Revised Version) £end labourers spoken of in the encl of the next forth. (~O..-r,,s lK/;Jd>.:11; ut ejfriat, Vulgate verse. If, however, the utterance was ori- [Wordsworth and White], ut mittat, Val- ginally spoken to the seventy (oide eupra), gate [ordinary edilion).) The verb suggests the reference would be to the twelve. nlike his constraining power and their sepa- Ver. 38.-Pray ye. Express it as your ration from their previous position (cf. cb. personal need (S,-1;871-r<, here only in the N~w vii. 4). Mr. J. A. Robinson's note, how- Testament outside the writings or St. Luke ever, in the Cambri<l;i;e 'Texts a.nd Studies,' and St. Paul). Therefore. Since more I. iii. 12!, shows that one must not le.y workers are so greatly needed. The Lord much stress on the thought of constraint. of the harvest; cf. Clem. Rom., § 34, who Labourers into his harvest.