The Pulpit Commentary — Matthew — Volume 1 — Section 409

but better CM wn, Be,ised Version) of of a special oommis,,ion, and so far of a James," whioh Wllo8 doubtless his proper delege.t.ed authority in the person sent" ne.mo, If the word "The.ddmus" (•1nr.i) was, (BishopWestcott,on John xx. 21,Add. Note). IIB ~eems likely (for Edcrsheim's connexion Bengel snggests (on ver. 1) that the twelve of 1t with todah, "praise," is based on what were not all absent at once, bot were sent out is apparently a mere play of words in Te.Im. in relays; but Mark vi. 30 is against this Be.b., 'Sanh.,' 43a), originally a pet-name opinion ( cf. also Luke xxii. 35). On the New (Schosskind, "Dosom-child," Weiss, Nosgen) Testament conception of the name and office from ':11:', "the female breasts," it is intelli• of an apostle, cf. Bishop Lightfoot'& classical gible that he or others would prefer the some• note in' Galatians' (pp. 92-101, edit. 1869). what synonymous "Lebbmus"(::i'.?, "heart"), And commanded them, saying ; charged them (Revised Version). Important as the charge which might mean "child of one's heart," is, its necessary subordination to the fact but more probably "courageous," found in that they were sent is expressed by the very the" Western" text. The similarity of sound form of the sentence .(d.11ecr'f'E1/l.e11 • • • 11up- would help towards this, even if another urye(.\cis). derivation that seems possible, "the Fiery" (from n;;i~, "kindle"), be the true one. In Vere. 5b-42.-CBBIST'9 CoIDIISSION TO the latter caae the appellation, "Jude the HIS AGENTS. The connexion aml develop- Zee.lot" (Old Le.tin), may rest on something more than a mistaken interpretation of the ment of thought in this important charge is parallel paseage in Luke. In Westcott exceedingly difficult to perceive, and has and Hort, 'App.,' it is ea.id that "this name been understood in many waya. Perhaps [Lebbmus] is apparently due to an early that most generally accepted in this country attempt to bring Levi (l>.euet,) the publican is AUord's, according to which the charge is (Luke v. 27) within the Twelve, it being divided into three sections-the first (vers. 5 assumed that his call was to apostleship; just 118 in Mark ii. H l>.euefr is changed in -15) reforring to the mission to tile cities Western texts to '141<,,,ao,, because Tbv "Tov of Israel ; the second ( vers. 16-23) to the 'AA'/>rtfou follows, and it was assumed that general mission of the apostles as developing the son of He.lphmus elsewhere named as itself, after the Lord should be taken from one of the Twelve must be meant. The them, in preaching to Jews and Gentiles, difference between the two forms of the nume would be inconsiderable in Are.muic, ending with the close of the apostolic period Leu,i and Levi or Lebi or Lebbi; and L>.•fJ- in the narrower sense (ver. 23 referring a.. ios might as easily represent Lebbi as primarily to the destruction of Jerusalem); 8c,65aio, Thaddi." the third (vers. 24-42) spoken directly of all the disciples of the Lord, concluding with Ver. 4.-Simon the Ce.ne.e.nite. Simon tluJ Cananman (Revised Version); 6 Kc,vc,vuios the last great reward. (cf. -.,.purc,io,, ~c,66ou1<uio,, vide Bishop Light- But this threefold historical arrangement foot's 'Revision,' p. 138, edit. 1871) repre- seems to be little more than fanciful, the senting lf.iinn•iin or Jiin-'iin (Jttlp), the basis of truth underlying it probably being Aramaio for " Zealot " (parallel passage in that the chnrge in its present form is due to Luke; Aots i. 13), the name given to mem- the writer of the Gospel (not to our Lord bers of the extreme nationalist party founded about .\.D. 7 by Judas of Ge.male., a oity that directly), who desired not only to record appears to have le.in near the east coast of what our Lord said at tho time of this the sea of Galilee (vide Schurer, I. ii. 225). mission, but also to incorporate other sayingt And.Judas leoariot, who also betrayed him; of his that bore upon similar work, and thus delivered him 11,p (Revised Version margin), to give such a summary of our Lord's utter- which seems more in acc"'l'dance with wc,pa- 3l5r,,µ.,, for, unlike "bet,ay," and usually ances as would be of special use to prenchers -rpo515o.•µ.i, this does not in itself connote of the gospel, irrespective of place or time. treachery. Observe that oh. v.-vii. referred to Ver. 5a.-Parallel paBBages: Mark vi. 7, believers in their private ca.pacity-lnying 8: Luke ix. 2. These twelve Jes111 sent stress on the relation that they were to hold forth ; a.1re<T'T<IAEII ( cf. John xvii. 18). Till to the religion of the day-while this chtipter now they had formed an inner oircle of refere to thew ns ropresenting Christ to the µ.aB,rrc,I (eh. ix. 35, note), but now they begin world. The orl~iual bnsis of the commission their work of carrying Christ's me99age to was addressed to men called to give their others. "' Awo<T'Tru"' corresponds with the idea of our own words •despatch' nnd whole time to this work, but 11e the chapter • eD.voy,' and oonve7a the accessory notions stands it applies to all beliovors in their  tOfl THE GOSPEL ACCOR})ING TO ST. MATTHEW. [arr. x. 1--42.