Vor. 12.-Ho I tho.t la a hireling, and he is a hiroling, and oa.reth not for the not a shephord, whose own the aheep are sheep. lie only cares for himself. Ho is not, aeeth tho wolf ooming, and leaveth the no mntch for the wolf of tempto.tion, or dis. sheep, and fleeth (tho worrl µ,u8orrb1 oc- ease, or dea.tll. He wunts to reap the per- curs in Mark i. 20). The hireling is con- sonal advantage of hie temporo.ry office, and, trusted with the shepherd. The protector if Lis own interests are imperilled, he cen of o. flock, who, tl.10ugL not o. thief, or robber, leave them to any other hireling, or to the or nlic11, yet hns no unselfish regard for the wolf. Melnncholy picture thiB of much sheep, ie guilty of cowo.rdicc, and his shnme- deserted duty. lees flight from dunger m:i.y do as much Vere. H, 15.-The Lord resume•: I am ho.nn to the flock o.s the thief or robber. the good Shepherd. Ho now makes his dis- Godet would, o.t all events o.t first, limit the course more explicit. He almost drops the rofercnce to the priestly po.rty, who ought to allegory, nnd merely adopts the sacred meta- ho.vo lmd more courage and real co.re for the phor. His self-revelation becomes more full sheep, but were utterly unable to bear the of promide o.nd suggestion for o.11 time. He brunt of assault from So.nherlrin o.nd Pha- takes up one of the chnrncteristics of the risees. The latter represent, as ho thinks, shepherd which discriminated l,im from the ro.vening " wolf." But surely all who u hireling," " thief," or "robber_,, And I have merely mercenary or selfish motives know mine own, and my I own know me, even in their treatment of souls, and who flee nt as the Father knoweth me, and I know the the approach of do.nger or death, are here Father. Th is more accurate text, transla- held up to grievous condemnation. All tion, and punctuation of the Revised Ver- who proclaim themselves to be " the door sion brings into living oompa.ris.)n the of the sheep," who, independently of CLrist, mutual knowledge of Christ and his own and without the o.11imating breo.th of the sheep, with the mutual knowledge of Christ Divine Spirit, a.re considering themselves and the Father. Christ's persona.I know- rather tho.n the flock which tl1ey profess to ledge of his people is that which comes into instruct and protect, are the hirelings here their religious consciousness. They know denounced. In the hour of real peril they his knowledge of them. They know him to turn and flee. " Whose own the sheep are be what he is-to be their Lord God, ns not." They do not seek the destruction of they realize his personal recognition and the flock which is not theirs, but they neg- care. The one invokes the other (see Gal. lect and forsnke when they shoukl be iv. 9; 1 Cor. viii. 3). The particle of tran- faithful unto death. The;r have not identi- sition is more than a mere illustration (.a.Bws fied themselves with the object of their pro- is more than i:Jrr,r•p; ,c6.Bws introduces not fessed care. The wolf is the deadly power infrequently an explanation, sometimes n. ever seeking the destruction of the soul, and causal consideration, or an illllStration even compassing it; it is the metaphor for which accounts for the previous statement; every sort of power opposed to Christ ( cf. see eh. xv. 12 ; xvii. 21, 23). The l.,iow- Matt. x. 16; Luke x. 3; Acts xx. 29). ledge which the sheep have of the Shep- And the wolf sne.tcheth them, and soattereth herd corresponds with the Son's knowledge (them'). " The seizing and scattering " of the Father, and the Shepherd's know• shows how these hostile powers not only ledge of the sheep answers to the Father's devasto.te, but destroy; not only crush in- knowledge of the Son; but more than this, dividuals, but ruin Churches. The sheep do the relation of the Son to the Father, thus not belong to a hireling, as they do to a expressed, is the real ground of the Divine shepherd. No living bond of common in- intimacies between the sheep and the Shep- terest links them to each other. herd (cf. eh. xv. 10; xvii. 8). Then the Ver. 13.-(The hireling• fleeth) because Lord repents and renews the solemn state- ment me.de at the commencement of the 1 B, G, L, omit 6~, nnd are followed by sentence, And I lay down my life for the Tiscbcndorf (8th edit.), Westcott-and Hort, sheep. Such knowledge of the peril of" his and R.T. • The .-a 1rpo{Jd..-a. of T.R. are found in A, sions. If they !\re omitted, the remainder .X:, r, A, A, in the majority of cursives, the of the verse must be attached to the pre- Vulge.te, and both Syriao Versions: but~. ceding verse, throwing the middle clause B, D, H, L, 1, 22, 25, 83, omit, with Tischen- into parentheses. T<l 1rpa~<>n are bracketed dorf (8th edit.), Tregelles, Westcott and by Alford. Hort, o.ud R.T. 1 The T.R. here reads, -y,vwu1<0µ.a., ~1rb Twv
• '£hese words of T.R. e.ro found in A•, X, lµwv, with A, X, r, ~. A, and most of the A, 09, in Vulgate and Sy1iao Versions; but later authorities. r111wu1<ovuC µ.• .-ci ;,ucf is are omitted by 'l'isohondorf (8th edit.), Tre- read by Tisohendorf (8th edit.), Tregelles, gellos, Alford, o.nd R.'l'., on the authority of Alford, Westcott and l!ort, ancl R.T., with t(, A•, I.I, D, L, 1, 33, o.nd numerous ver- ~. n, D, L, with versions and Fathers. 46 THE GOSPEL A.COORDING '1'0 S'l'. JOHN. [,m. x. 1-42.