The Pulpit Commentary — Galatians — Section 118

with which he then rcge.rded liim, notwith- rightly," that is, "sincerely," which, how- eto.nding the unhnppy variance which sprnng ever, is an unusual application of the notion up between them soon e.fter the circum- of ope&,,.11s ; or, "walk straight onward," thnt stanc.es here mentioned. Again, yeo.rs is, "rightly." As the apostle is more con- later on, he commends Mark to the con- cerned on behalf of the truth which he wlls sideration of the Colossians (Col. iv. 10), as contending for than on behalf of their being a. cousin of Bnrnabas's, this giving sincerity or consistency, the latter seems the him a high title to their respect. Obviously, preferable view. Compare the force of tho the disapproval which St. Paul so openly same Bdjective in op9of3a,,-iw, op601rpa-yeiv, expressed at Antioch of the behaviour of St. opeoSpoµ,iv, op6oTOµeiv, eto. Acoording to Peter and those who acted as he did, Barna.- the truth of the gospol ( 1rpbs ,,-¾J,, a.7'.fi9«ar, bas, it seems, being one of them, helps to ,,..;:; • van,7'.lov): u;ith an eye to the truth of explain the sha.,pness of his subsequent the gospel. np&s, " with au eye towards,'' difference with Baruabas concerning Mark. may refer to the truth of the gospel, either If St. Paul now, so long after the occur- as a rule for one's direction (as in 2 Cor. v. rence, does not hesitate in calm relation to 10, Ilpbs &. (,rp~•,,) or as a thing to be for- brand the conduct of the party with the warded (cf. ''r,r~p T;js a-y716,ias, 2 Cor. xiii. 8). stem censure of" hypocrisy," it is not likely The same ambiguity attaches to the use that he denounced it with less severity at of the preposition in Luke xii. 47. The the time in the excitement of actual con- " truth of the gospel," as in ver. 5, is flict. How sharply and unsparingly he the truth which the gospel embodies, with could on occasion express himself, his especial reference to the doctrine of j ustifica- Epistles elsewhere very abundantly ex- tion by faith. Peter e.ud Barnabas wore emplify; and such vehement censure. so acting in a manner which both was incon- publicly expressed, and, which made it so sistent with their holding of that truth, and especially cutting, so justly deserved, might contravened its advancement in the world, well leave a sore feeling in the mind of the I so.id unto Peter ( ,hrov ,,-iji K11cpii [Receptus, whole Judaic party,including even Barnabas, nfrp't']); I said to Cephas. Here again we ma.king the latter but too ready to take a.re to read Cephas. Before them all umbrage when the apostle insisted, with (lµ,rpoue,,, ,,.,£,,n,w). At some general meet- apparently a.gain so much justice, upon the ing of the Antiochian brethren. Both the want which Mark had evinced of thorough- expression and St. Paul's proceeding a.re going sympathywit.h the work of evangelizing illustrated by 1 Tim. v. 20, "Them who sin the Gentiles. This last was, in fa.et, a con- [sc. of the elde1·s] reprove in the sight of tinuation of the conflict waged with Cephas all (ivdi,r,oi, ,,.,£,,,,..,,, (7'.e-yx•)." If thou, being probably but a short while before. On this a Jew (el <TV, 'Iov6aios i,,rd.px.,,,); if thou, point the Acts and the Epistles sustain ea.eh originally a Jew, as thou art. ''t'1rd.px.,v, as other. Was carried a.way with their dis- distinguished from if,,,, denotes thill, together simulation ( rrvi,a.,,..;,xe11 alrri;iv "fi lnro,cp/a·.,) ; with a reference to subsequent action start- or, with the hypocrisy of them. The position ing from this foregoing condition. Compare, of a.v.,.;;,v (" of them") ill emphatic. St. Paul for example, its use in eh. i. 14 ; Phil. ii. 6. means that, if it had not been for their This distinctive shade of meanmg is not hypocrisy, Barnabas would never have fallen al ways discernible. Livest after the manner into so grievous a mistake in conduct him- of Gentiles, and not.•a.s do the Jews ('ev,,ci;is self. The construction of the verb uvva.1rd.- (fis ,cal ov,c 'lovBai',ci;is); livest as do the -yoµa, here is the same as in 2 Pet. iii. 17; Gentiles and not as the Jews. In whllt the dative which follows in ea.eh case being sense, and to what extent, were these words governed by the crl,,, in the verb: " their true of St. Peter? When, in the vision at dissimulation" was as it were a mighty J oppa., unclean animllls together with clelln torrent which swept even Barnabas a.way were offered to him for food, he hlld an- with it. swered, "Not so, Lord; for I have never Ver. 14. -But when I saw that they eaten anything that is common and . un- walked not uprightly (aA7'.' ;;,,.. ,16ov lin ou,c clean." 'fhill shows that, up to that time. op9cnro6ovu,); but when I saw that they were the personal teachings of Christ when he not walking righay. The strongly a.dversa- was upon earth had not relieved his mind tive aA7'.a seems to imply: But I set myself of the sense thnt to use certain kinds of to stem the mischief; comp. "withstood" meat wv.s for him an unlawful thing. The (ver. 11 ). The precise force of op801ro6iiv is heavenly rejoinder, "What God ha.th doubtful. The verb occurs nowhere else cleansed, make not thou common," appears except in later writers, who, it ill thought, to have been understood by him with refer- bonowed it from this passage. Etymolo- ence, at least in the first instance, to human gically, e.ccording to the ambiguous meaning beings (Acts x. 28). There seems to be no of op8&s-" straight,'' either vertically or doubt that the habit of mind genero.ted horizontally-it nllly be either "walk up- by long subjection to the Leviticlll Law, OH, II, 1-21.] THE EPIS'l'LE 'l'O THE GALATIANS. 83