The Pulpit Commentary — Titus — Section 24

IMffl -U, A.V.; gaimnying for n'IUtllerirtg whioh necessitatee oonatrulng no-1• A"6p"• a,gnin, A V. Servants; i.e. suit1es (806;\oui), ,ro,s with o-a,.,.,fp,or, "aaving to all men" ~be rorrel11,tive to which ie 8«nr&.,.aar, maeters, "bringing aalve.tion t.o all men." With the who hnd 11,bsolute powe~ ovrr their slaves, arti'lle 71 ae in the T.R., it may be taken 11,nd properlJ in them (oomp. 1 Pet. ii. 18, either we.y, but it is rather more natural to where they &re oolled by the name of oonstrue raa-,v d.8prno,s with ir•l/ldl'f/, "bath olKi-rru, house-slaves). The oonstruction is appeared t.o all men." The meanin~ of the ca.rried on from the "exhort ·• of ver. 6. phrase, "he.th appeared t.o all men, ' is the Well-pleasing( ,bape,rrour); elsewhere spoken same as· the saying in the song of Simeon, with reference to God (Rom. xii. l ; 2 Cor. "Mine eyes have seen thy anlvation, which v. 9; Eph. v. 10, eto.). In all things thou he.et prepared before the face of all ('" ,riio-rv); nearly the same as .,,..pl rr£,,.,.a in people" (Luke ii. 80, 81; comp. OoL i. 6). ver. 7; to be taken with ,uapinous. Some, The gospel is not a bidden mystery, bui ia however,connect the words with u,ro.,.&ua-,a-8a,, proclaimed to the whole world. -z,.,.,.,fp,os as "to be obedient in e.11 things." Gainsaying an adjective is found only here in the New (a,,.,.&A;,,o..,..as); e.s in oh. i. 9 (see note). Testament, in Wied. i. H and 8 Mace. vii. Here, however. the" answering again" of the 18, and frequently in classical Greek. A. V. is a better rendering. It implies, of Ver. 12.-Imtructing for teaohing, A.V.; course, a resistance to the will of their to t1ie intent that for that, A.V.; and right- master, and impatience of any rebuke eously for righteously, A. V. Illltructing u, (~omJJ. I Pet. ii 18-20). to the intent that. This is an unneceesary Ver. 10.-Pnrloilling (voucp,(oµlvous); lite- refinement. Ruther is right in saying that rally, separating for their own use what the sentence beginning with 111a might have does not belong to them. So Acts v. 2, 3, been expressed by the infinitive mood, as in "t.o keep back part." It is used in the so.me l Tim. i. 20, and the.t we ought to render i.t sense by the LXX. Josh. vii. l of Achan, not "in order tbe.t," but simply "that." and 2 Maco. iv. 32 of Menelaus, and occa- The phrase in l Tiru. L 20, 1,,a ,ra,li,ul/wa-, sione.lly in cle.ssical Greek (Xenophon, µ¾, /3>-.aa-"'71,.,i11, manifestly would justify the Polybius, etc.). Showing (lv8«Kvv,.frous). phrase, ,ra,li•oouua 71µas t,i11 li,tcal..,s, "teaching It ooours eleven times in the New Teste.ment, us to live righteously." Alford surely is viz. twice in Hebrews, and nine times in wrong in saying that the universal New St. Paul's acknowledged Epistles. All good Teste.ment sense of ,ra1li•6•w is "to disci- fidelity. All :fidelity mee.ns :fidelity ;n every- pline," i.e. tea.eh by correction. In Acts thing where :fidelity is required in a fe.ithful vii. 22; xxii. 3 ; l Tim. i. 20 ; 2 Tim. Ii. 25, serva.nt---re of hie master's property, con- the idea of teaching, not of correcting, is pre- scientious la.hour, keeping of time, aotbg dominani. But even if it was eo, the pa.store.I behind his master's be.ck the same ae befori; Epistles are eo decidedly classical in their hie face. The singular addition ri-,aefw, use of words, that the cle.ssioe.l use of rtuli•il•rv coming after ,,,6 ..,c11uµ..!11ous, must mean, as in such phrases as rcz,3•6.,., .,..,,a tc16apl(uv Bengel so.ye, "in e.ll good things." The or a-d.t/)po11,i d11a, (Liddell aud Scott) lB an duty of .fidelity does not extend to crime or abundant jnetification of a similar rendering wrong-doing. The word "good " is like the of this passe.ge. And as regards the use of1,a, e.ddition in the oath of canonical obedience, such phmses e.e Elr~ fva ol ;\[1/01 oli.,.o, 6.pn, "in all honest things," and is a necessary -,,,,.,,,.,."', " Command that these stones be- limite.tion to the preceding " all " (see eh. come bread " (Matt. iv. 8; xx. 21 ; Luke iv. iiL l, e.nd note). The dootrine ( .,.71,, li,6ao-Ka· 3; L 40); Ji1fO''l'd1'.a1'G ••• r,,,. ,..,li,111 .r.,..,o-.,,, >Jav); e.s in ver. I (where see note). In eh. " He commanded them not to tell " (Matt i. 9 (where see note) 71 6,liax,I is UBed in the xvi. 20); -:1.u,.cplpu avr,; f11a, "It is profitable same we.y. Thie use of li,liaco-,ca.>..la is con- for him that " (Me.tt. xviii. 6) ; npoa-•6x,u61 firmed by the reading of the R.T., which fva, "Pray the.t" (Matt. xxiv. 20); nap.,,d>,.., inserts a second .,..,,,, before Tov 0'"11',jpos. aiJTIIJI 111a µ.p, "He besought him noi to send Adom the doctrine. The .entiment is the them away" (Mark v. 10); naptVCaNJiia-,11 same as that in 1 Pet. ii. 12; iv. 11. Chris- auT011 111a t.,i,11n,, " They beseech him to tians are exhorted to give glory to God, e.nd touch " (Mark viii. 22, 30 ; ix. 9; :1. 87 ; ,upport e.nd honour to the gospel of God's xiii. 34 ; Luke i. 43; vii. 36); 'Eli•1/B1111 • . . grace, by their good works and Loly lives. 111a, " I e.sked , , , to" (Luke ix. 40); God onr Saviour (see 1 Tim. i. l; ii. 3; 'Ep..,.,.ii, a-, 1va. .,,µ,j,ps, " I intree.t thee to iv. 10; a.nd e.bove, eh. i. 3, note). In all send" (Luke xvi. 29; Col. iv. 16, etc.) ;- things (/11 ,r,ia-,11); e.a l Pet. iv. 11. prove that the sense " in order that " is not Ver ll.-Hath appeared, oringing aalw- necessarily atte.ched to 1va, but that we me.y lwn to all men, for that l.,ringeth aal'flatwn, properly render the passage before u1 hath appeared to all men, A. V. and T.R. "teacl,ing us ... t.o live soberly," eto. Bringing salvation to all men (u..,nlpws). Ver. 1::1.-Tlie for that, A.V.; appearing Tbb R. T. omits the article 71 before tTU1T1/p10,, of the 11lur11 of our great God and Saviour OH, II. 1-15.] THE EPISTLE TO TITUS. 27