The Pulpit Commentary — 2 Timothy — Section 38

ing, ~ may compare t.he ..-,p,.pxdµff'o, of m_eaning (see A1tpa.,-fa, Matt. nil!. 211) Aote IX. J,i, "Vllgtthnn,I ,TPwe." R,wb VRgl\• Fieroe (from frnu, wild, sllvn.ge); ilv~µ•po1; hond• WPrr 11a11ally bonat.rro. lfrncn .l.!1.a(~• only hero m the New Tcstnmcnt. and not <'R!"e t.o mPRn "" hoa,trr." Haughty, found in Urn LXX., but freq11~nt in the rllilen. ''1',,-•r'l</>a•la and /3!1.a<T</>'1/lla Rre Ch1wk trnge,lians and others of persons c-oupled together in Mark vii. 22 ; and countries, plants, cto.; e.g. "Bewaro of th~ irrr,p.,,,,&..,ou, and a!l.d(ova, in Rom. i. SO. In Chalubes, for they are savuge (uv~l'•po1), the New Testament /31'1tr1<f>71µos and /3!1.a.<T</>71· and ~anuot be approROhed by strangers" µ.la. are m011t commonly used or evil-epr.aking (lEschylus, •Pro°;". Vinot.,'734,edit.Scholef.). against Go.I and holy things; but not It oorrnsponds with ilv,>-•~l'ovu, unmeroiful always (eee Epb. iv. 81: Col. iii. 8; 1 Tim. (Rom. i. 81). No loven of good (u</ltA.· ,·i. 4_). Her<' nppnrently it means generally lt"fa801); only hero in the New Testument "e, ,I-speakers." Unthanktul (uxdp1<TT01); and not at 11ll in the LXX. or in olassioe.i as Luke vi. 35. Found occasionally in the Greek. But </l•>-,L"{a8or is found in Wisd. LXX., and common in cle.esioal Greek. vii. 22, and in Arist.otle, in the sense of The ingratitude which they showed to their "lovers of that whioh is good; '' and in parents was a part of their general charac- Titus i. 8. The R.V. seems therefore to be ter. We ought to take spl'cial note of this right in rendering here" no lovers of good,'' passive sin-the not being thankful for good rather than as the A. V. "despisors of those received from God and man. Unholy (ilvo- which nre good,'' after the Vulge.te and the <T10,); as 1 Tim. i. 9 (where see note). new version of Se.notes Pagninus. Ver. S.-lmpuu:abl.e for e,,_b,-ea1-a, Ver. 4.-Headstrong for heady, A. V.; A. V.; el.ander-er-1 for J• accwers, A.V.; puffed up for high-minded, A.V.; plea,ure utithout e1.j-oontrol for incontinent, A. V.; for pleasures, A,V.; rather for more, A.V. no /,or,e,-a of yood for dapisers of those that ~tors (,rpoBdTa,); Luke vi. 16; Aots ure good., A. V. Without natural affeotion vu. 52. It does not mean traitors to their (l'urr-op-yo1); as in Rom. i. Sl, where in the king or country, but generally betrayers of T.R. it is coupled with ,frrovBo,, as here. the persons who trust in them, and of the The verb <TT<P"f"' is "t.o love," need primarily CI\DSe of the trust committed to them; per- of the natural afi'~tion of parents to their he.ps specie.Uy, e.s Bishop Ellioott suggest.a,. children and children to their parents. And of their brethren in times of persecution. <T-rop-y,f is that nature.I love. These persons Headstrong (,rpo,rn,i,); as in Acts xix. 36. were without this tTTop-y,/, of which Plato Neither "heady " nor "headstrong" gives saya, M A child loveB his parents, and is love<! the exn.ct meaning of ,rpo,rn~,, which is by them; " and so, e.ocording to St. Paul's "re.sh,""hasty," "headlong." "Headstrong" jndgment in l Tim. v. 8, were " worse than rather denotes obstinacy whioh will not be infidels." lmple.oable(.S..,,,.ov601); only here inftuenoed by wise advice, but 1rpo1r•T~> is according to the R. T., not at a.II in the the person who aots from impulse, without LXX., bot frequent in cla.ssice.l Greek. ronsidering consequences, or weighing prin- :Irovli~ wu a solemn truce ma.de over a ciples. Pn1fed up (nTll</l<»µ<vo1); see 1 Tim. libatwn to the gods. •AtT,rovlios at fi.?Bt iii. 6, note. Loven of plee.sure ( </l•>-,l5ovo,); merely expresses that anything was done, or only here in the New Testament, and not any pe1110n was left, without such e. truce. found in the LX.X., but occasionally in But, in a secondary senae, applied to a war, classical Greek. "Fond of pleasure" (Lid- it meant an internecine war admitting of dell and Scott). It is used here as e.n anti- no truce ; and thenoe, u here, applied t.o a thesis to lovers of God ( </11!1.68,0,), whioh also penion. it means "implacable," oue who will occurs only here either in the New Testa- make no truce or treaty with his enemy. ment or the LXX., but is used by Aristotle. Tue sense " truce-hroe.kera" is not justified Philo, quoted by Bishop Ellicott (from t.y any example. Sle.nderen (B,rlf,ol\.01); as Wetstein), has exactly the same controst: I Tim. iii. 11 and Titus ii 3. The arch- </>11'.~Bovov .•. µii.Mov t ... </11!1.dB,ov, It alanderer is 6 li,af,o/\JJs, the devil, " the looks as if the men spoken of claimed to be accuser of the brethren (6 rca-r,f-yopos """' </111'68,01. A somewhe.t similar paronomasia iw,l\.q,.,v)" (1:1.ev. xii. 10; see John vi. 70). occurs in Isa. v. 7, where i1pifr;> is opposed to Without oelf-oontrol (CU<paT<is); here only cpl!i1;J, end i1P.J!¥ to ilP,J~· in the New Testament, not in the LXX, Ver. 5.-Holding for hawng, A.V.; but frequent in cl1181!ica.l Grock, in the sense having denied for denyiny, A. V. ; the11t1 afao of ""'11mperate in the pureuit or use of any- for such, A.V. Kolding (lxovnr). There thing, e.g. money, the tongue, pleasure, the is no reason t.o change "having." Perhaps appetite, etc., which are put in the genitive "indeed" after "having" would give the ciaae. Used absolutely it means generally emphasis conveyed by lxonH preceding the " without 11elf-00ntrol," as here rendered in object. A form (/ldp</lw<Tiv). It should ho the R.V. The A.V. "incontinent·• (comp. the /onn; i.e. "the outward semblance," i.q. l Cor. vii. 5) eiprt:s•es only 011111 purt of the ,.&p</lwµa., form, 1he.pe, ftgme (Liddell and CB, m. 1-17.) THE SECOND EPISTLE TO TIMOTHY.