Vers. 1, 2.-lntroduction. 1. ADDRESS. 1. Writer. "Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ." The name is chosen which was most familiar to the readers. It is also the name which belonged to him as an apostle. He was commissioned by Jesus Christ to do important work for the Church, including the composition of this letter. 2. Readers. (1) The elect circumstantially. "'l'o the elect who are sojourners of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia." It is in a Jewish mould that the apostle's thought is cast. "Elect," "sojourners," "Dispersion," derive their meaning from their application to the Jewish nation. There was a national election to the occupation of the land of Canaan. Latterly many Jews were resident on foreign soil, while regarding Cana.an as their fatherland. In their sojourning condition they were not in close neighbourhood, but were scattered among the nations. Christians have inherited the title of the" elect people." They are in the condition of dwelling ou earth and not in the heavenly Canaan. As away from home they are often far sepa- rated from each other, and not, as they will be, brought together and gathered round Christ above. 'l'he Christians addressed by Peter belonged to ..tlsia Minor. Jn this region there were many Christian communities, in which the preponderating element was Gentile. In Galatia there were Churches founded by Paul, to which he addressed one of his Epistles. In Proconsular Asia were Iconium, Derbe, Lystra, Antioch (Pisi- dian), Miletus, Laodicea, Hierapolis, Colossre, Philadelphia, Sardis, Thyatira, Ephesus (the capital), Smyrna, Pergamos, Troas, where (probably) Churches were formed under Paul's influence, and to three of which he addressed letters. Neither in Pontus, nor in Cappadocia, nor in Bithynin. do we read of Christian work (showing how much there is of unrecorded Christian work). We may think of Peter writing to Pauline Churches in Asia Minor when Paul is dead. (2) The elect fundamentally. Thought connected with the Father. "According to the foreknowledge of God the Father." Our election is conformed to the foreknowledge of God, i.e. to his thinking of us beforehand for himself. What led him thus to think of us beforehand was his being the Father, i.e. his being essentially love. Execution connected with the Spirit. "Jn sanctification of the Spirit." Sanctification points to our being fit for fellowship with the Holy One. This the Father had in his mind when he thought of us beforehand for himself. 'l'he Spirit (often called the Holy Spirit) carries out the Father's thought in com- mencing, advancing, preserving, the holy life in our souls. End connected with Jesus Christ. "Unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ." The Spirit works in us, on the one hand, not that our wills should be crushed, annihilated, but that they should be brought into a state of obedience (which is their true freedom). He works in us, on the other hand, that there should be applied to us the blood of Jesus Christ, without which he cannot sanctify those whose starting-point is a state of sin. II. SALUTATION. "Grace to you and peace be multiplied." Tbe introduction is constructed so as to throw the description of the readers into prominence as fore- shadowing the thought of the Epistle. Like his description of himself, his salutation is brief. Let them be graciously dealt with by God, and, as the blessed fruit of gracious dealing, let them have peace, even under fiery persecutions. They had grace and peace already; let there be not only continuance, but increase.-R. F.
Vera. 3-12.-Salvation in its completion. 1. THE SUBJECT OF A. DOXOLOGY. 1. God praised. "Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ." Peter may have seen the same form of words in Paul's opening doxologies in 2 Corinthians and Ephesians. Having called up his readers before his mind and saluted them, he here bursts forth in an ascription of praise to God. To praise God is with becoming feelings to ucknowledge what he is or Im.~ done. As this is pleasing to God (Ps. I. 23), so also, GO THE FIRST EPISTLE GENERAL OF PETER. [cu. r. 1~2[\,