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Puritan spiritual warfare · 1617–1679

William Gurnall

Gurnall's Christian in Complete Armour meditates on the armor imagery of Ephesians 6. It is an example of sustained metaphorical exposition that should be read alongside the passage and the history of Puritan spirituality.

How to study this writer

Read Ephesians 6:10–20 and a selected Gurnall passage. Separate the language of metaphor from specific claims about people, illness or current events.

Historical caution: Do not use language of spiritual warfare to stigmatize people or replace professional care.

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Read the full primary work and compare its biblical references with the actual chapter. Check when an author wrote, the community and conflict addressed, and whether a later editor compiled or translated the text. Historic works are evidence of historical interpretation, not modern professional advice or a substitute for Scripture.

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