§ 183. HYMtfS AND SACKED POETRY. 859
Autun. It would be interesting, if there were space, to give specimens of the sermonic literature contained in these collections.
Of the pulpit in England there is not much to be said. It had no preachers equal in fame to the preachers of Germany and Italy. The chief source of our information are the two volumes of Old English Homilies by Morris, which contain an English translation at the side of the Saxon original. The names of the preachers are lost. The sermons are brief expositions of texts of Scripture, the Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and on Mary and the Apostles, and are adapted to the wants and temptations of everyday life. In a sermon on the Creed l the general statement of the introduction is such as might be made by a wise preacher to-day : " Three things there are that each man must have who will lead a Christian life, a right belief, baptism, and a fair life, for he is not fully a Christian who is wanting in any of these." One of the sermons quaintly treats of the traps set by the devil in four pits : play, and the trap idleness; drink, and the trap wrong doing; the market, and the trap cheating; and the Church, and the trap pride. In the last trap the clergy are ensnared as when the priest neglects to perform the service or to speak what he ought to, or sings so as to catch the ears of women.2
A general conclusion to be drawn from the sermons of this period of the Middle Ages is that human passions and the tendency to shirk religious duties or to substitute the appearance for the reality were about the same as they are to-day. Another conclusion is that the modes of appeal employed were about the same as the earnest preacher em ploys in this age, except that in those days much more emphasis was laid upon the pains of future punishment.
§ 133. Hymns and Sacred Poetry.
LATIN HYMNS: H. A. DAXIEL : Thesaurus HymnoL, 5 vols. Halle and Leip zig, 1865-1856. — F. J. MONE : Latein. Hymnen d. Mittelalters, 3 vols. Freib., 1853-1855. — R. C. TRENCH: Sacr. Lat. Poetry with Notes, Lond., 1849, 3d ed., 1874. — G. A. KONIGSFELD : Latein. Hymnen und
1 Old Engl. Horn., II. 14. 2 II. 209 sqq.
860 THE MIDDLE AGES. A.D. 1049-1294.
Gesange d. MtA., 2 vols. Bonn, 1847-1863 with transll. — J. M. NEAI.K : Med. Hymns and Sequences, Loncl., 1851, 3d ed., 1867 ; Hymns chiefly Med. on the Joys and Glories of Paradise, Lond., 1862, 4th ed., by S. G. HATHERLEY, 1882. — W. J. LOFTIE : Lat. Hymns, 3 vols. Lond., 1873- 1877.— F.W.E. ROTH : Lat. Hymnen d. MtA., Augsb., 1888.— *G. M. DREVES and C. BLUME : Analecta hymnica medii atvi, Leipz., 1886-1906, 49 parts in 16 vols. — U. CHEVALIER: Eepertorium hymnoL Cat. des chants, hymnes, proses, sequences, tropes, etc., 2 vols. Louvaine, 1892- 1897 ; Poesie liturg. du moyen age, Paris, 1893. —S. G. PIRMONT : Les hymnes du Breviare rom., 3 vols. Paris, 1874-1884. — ED. CASWALL: Lyra Catholica (197 transll.), Lond., 1849. — R. MANX: Anc. Hymns from the Eom. Brev., newed., Lond., 1871. — F. A.MARCH: Lat. Hymns with Engl. Notes, N.Y., 1874. — D. T. MORGAN : Hymns and other Poems of the Lat. Ch., Oxf., 1880. —W. H. FRERE : The Winchester Tropar from MSS. of the 10th and llth centt., Lond., 1894. — H. MILLS : The Hymn of Hildebert and the Ode of Xavier, with Engl. transll., Auburn, 1844. — W. C. PRIME : The Seven Great Hymns of the Med. Ch., N.Y., 1865. — E. C. BENEDICT: The Hymn of Hildebert and other Med. Hymns, with transll., N.Y., 1867, 2d ed., 1869. —A. COLES: Dies Irce and other Lat. Poems, N.Y., 1868. — D. S. WRANGHAM : The Liturg. Poetry of Adam de St. Victor, with Engl. transll., 3 vols. Lond., 1881.— OZANAM : Les Poetes Franciscains en Italie au XHIe siecle, Paris, 1852, 3d ed. 1859. — L. GAUTIER : CEuvres poet. d'Adam de St. Victor, Paris, 1858, 2d ed., 1887 ; Hist, de la poesie liturg. au moyen age, Paris, 1886. — P. SCHAFF: Christ in Song, a Collection of Hymns, Engl. and trans, with notes, N.Y. and Lond., 1869. — SCHAFF and GILMAN : Libr. of Eel. Poetry, N.Y., 1881. — SCHAFF: Lit. and Poetry, N.Y., 1890. Contains essays of St. Bernard as a Hymnist, the Dies irce, Stabat mater, etc. — S. W. DUFFIELD : Lat. Hymn Writers and their Hymns, N.Y., 1889. FOR GERMAN HYMNS, etc. : C. E. P. WACKERNAGEL : D. deutsche Kirchenlied von d. altesten Zeit bis zum 1600, 5 vols. Leip., 1864-1877. — Ed. E. KOCH: Gesch. des Kirchenlieds und Kirchengesangs, 2 vols. 1847, 3ded., by LAUXMANN, 8 vols. 1866-1876. — Artt., Hymnus and Kirchenlied in Wetzer-Welte, VI. 519-551, VII. 600-606; Kirchenlied, in Herzog, by DREWS, X. 409-419, andZ*a£. and Ger. Hymnody in Julian's Dicty. of Hymnology.
NOTE. — The collection of Latin hymns by Dreves and Blume, mem bers of the Society of Jesus, is a monument of persevering industry and scholarship. It is with few exceptions made up of hitherto unpublished poems. The collection is meant to be exhaustive and one is fairly amazed at the extent of mediaeval sacred poetry. There are about seven hundred pages and an average of eleven hundred poems to each volume. Monasteries and breviaries of every locality in Western Europe were searched for hymnological treasures. In cases, an entire number, or Heft (for the volumes have appeared in numbers), is given up to the poems of a single convent, as No. VII., pp. 282, to the proses of St. Martial