172 THE SWISS REFORMATION.
treaty also provided for the payment of the expenses of the war by the five cantons, and for an indemnity to tlie family of the martyred Kaiser. The abolition of the foreign pensions was not demanded, but recommended to the Roman Catholic Cantons. The*alliance with Austria was broken. The document which contained the treasonable treaty was cut to pieces by Aebli in the presence of Zwingli and the army of Ziirich.^
The Catholics returned to their homes discontented. The Ziirichers had reason to be thankful ; still more the Berners, who had triumphed with their policy of moderation.
Zwingli wavered between hopes and fears for the future, but his trust was in God. He wrote (June 30) to Conrad Som, minister at Ulm: "We have brought peace with us, which for us, I hope, is quite honorable ; for we did not go
stellt und die h'dder verhrdnt oder abgetlian, das die selben an lib eer und gilt, nitt gestraajl sollind werden. Wo aber die mess und under ceremonien noch vorhandeu, die sollend nitt gezwungen, ouch inen keine predicanten, so es nitt durch den meertheijl erkendt loirt, geschickt, nffgestellt oder gegdben werden, sunder was under inen den kjjJchgenossen die uff oder abzuthUnd, dessgltjchen milt der Sj>i/s, die Gott nitt verbotten zii essen, gemeret wird, dabg sol es biss uff der kylchgenossen gefallen blgben : und dhein teijl dem andern sinen glouben, weder smehen noch strnafen."
Bluntschli (a great authority in Swiss as well as international law) thus explains this article (I. 324): "In ihm ist bei-eits das Princip der ParitUt, d. h. der staatlichen Gleichberechtigung, beider christlichen Gonfessionen enthaJten. Es ist anerkannt, dass kein Ort \^Canton'\ den andern, dass auch die Eidgenossenschaft nicht einzelne Orte zur Beibehaltung oder zur Abdnderung ihres christlichen Glaubens zwingen dilrfe. Die katholischen Stdnde verzichteten somit hierin den reformirten gegenuber ausdriicklich auf die Festhaltung des alten Rechtes des Mittelalters, wornach jede energische Abweichung von dem katholischen Glauben als ein Verbrechen behandelt und der Krieg gegen die Ketzer als PJlicht angesehen ward. Sie erkannten das Princip der Glaubensfreiheit, welches von den Reformirten zuerst verkilndigt ivorden war, nun den Reformirten Orten gegenuber an, nahmen es aber gleichzeitig auch fur sich selber in Anspruch. Und hinwieder gestanden die Reformirten Stdnde die Folgerichtigkeit dieses Schlusses zu, und verzichteten darauf, die Orte zur Annahme der Reformation zu nothigen." Comp. the treaty of Ilanz, p. 139.
1 The treaty of peace is given by Bullinger, II. 185 sqq. and 212 ; by Escher and Hottinger, in the "Archiv fiir schweizerische Geschichte und Landeskunde," Zurich, 1827, vol. I.; and by Bluntschli, I.e. II. 255-2(59 (comp. I. 323-331).
§ 43. THE FIRST PEACE OF CAPPEL. 173
forth to shed bloocl.^ We have sent back our foes with a wet blanket. Then- compact with Austria was cut to pieces before mine eyes in the camp by the Landammann of Glarus, June 26, at 11 a.m. . . . God has shown again to the mighty ones that they cannot prevail against him, and that we may gain victory without a stroke if we hold to him." ^
He gave vent to his conflicting feelings in a poem which he composed in the camp (during the peace negotiations), together with the music, and which became almost as popular in Switzerland as Luther's contemporaneous, but more powerful and more famous " Ein feste Burg,'^ is to this day in Germany. It breathes the same spirit of trust in God.^
"Do thou direct thy chariot, Lord,
And guide it at thy will ; Without thy aid our strength is vain,
And useless all our skill. Look down upon thy saints brought low. And grant them victory o'er the foe.
"Beloved Pastor, who hast sijved
Our souls from death and sin, Uplift thy voice, awake thy sheep
That slumbering lie within Thy fold, and curb with thy right hand The rage of Satan's furious band.
" Send down thy peace, and banish strife,
Let bitterness depart ; Revive the spirit of the past
In every Switzer's heart : Then shall thy church forever sing The praises of her heavenly King."*
1 " Denn ivir uff hlutverglessen nit uszogen."
2 Opera, VIII. 310 sq.
3 Bullinger reports : " Dieses Lied wurde hernach weit und breit, auch aii der Fursten Hofen und in den Stddten von Mnsicis gesimgen und geblasen." On the other poems of Zwingli, see above, p. 44 sq.
•* This is a free version of H. White (from Merle D'Aubigne'), with some necessary changes. The original, in the Swiss German, was sung at the Zwingli festivals in 1884, and, with great effect, at the unveiling of the Zwingli statue in Ziirich, August, 1885. It is as follows : —