THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
which he has since been president, and two years later estabhshed the Samaritan Hospital, fie has written biographies of President Hayes (187G), Bayard Taylor (1S79), President Garfield (ISSl), Joshua Gianavello (1S>!4), James G. Blaine (IS.SG), Charles H. Spurgeon (1S92), and other volumes.
CONYBEARE, FREDERICK CORNWALLIS:
Church of England layman; b. at Kew in the year 1856. He was edncated at University College, Oxford (M.A., 1883), where he became fellow and prelector in l.S.sl. He is particularly noted for his attainments in Armenian, and is a member of the Venetian Armenian Academy. In 1903 he was elected a feUow of the British Academy. His writings embrace: .-1 Collation with the Ancient Armenian Versions of the Greek Texts of Aristotle's Categories, etc. (London, 1892); The Apology and Acts of Apolloniiis and Other Monuments of Early Christianity (1S94; 2d ed., The Armenian Apology and Acts of Apollonius, 1896); Philo about the Contemplative Life, or, the Fourth Book of the Treatise Concerning Virtues (O.xford, 1895); The Key of Truth, a Manual of the Paulician Church of Armenia, the Armenian Text edited and translated (1898); The Story of Ahikar, from the Syriac, Arabic, Armenian, Ethiopic, Greek and Slavonic Versions (1898); The Dialogues of Athanasius and Zachceus and of Timothy and Aquila (1898); The Dreyfus Case (London, 1898); Roman Catholicism as a Factor in European Politics (1901); Rituale Armenorum (Oxford, 1905); and Old Armenian Texts of Revelation (1906).
CONYBEARE, JOHN: Bishop of Bristol; b. at Pinhoe, near Exeter, Jan. 31, 1692; d. at Bath July 13, 1755. He studied at Exeter College, Oxford (fellow, 1711; B.A., 1713; proctor, 1725; B.D., 1728; D.D., 1729); became rector of Exeter 1730, dean of Christ Church 1733, and bishop of Bristol 1750. He was a popular preacher, reformed many abuses as rector of Exeter, and was an energetic dean. His most important publication was A Defence of Revealed Religion against the Exceptions of a late Writer (London, 1732), which was pronounced one of the four ablest books (the other three by James Foster, John Leland, and Simon Browne) written in reply to Tindal's Christianity as Old as the Creation (1730). Two volumes of his Sermons were published at London, 1757. Bibliography: J. Leland, View of the Deistical Writers, 3 vols., London, 1754-56; DNB, xii. 60-61.
CONYBEARE, WILLIAM JOHN: Church of England; b. Aug. 1, 1815, eldest son of William Daniel Conybeare; d. at ^A'eybridge (on the Thames, 20 m. s.w. of London), Surrey, July 22, 1857. He was student and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1837; M.A., 1840); was first principal of Liverpool Collegiate Institute 1842-48; vicar of Axminster, Devonshire (succeeding his father), 1848-54. He is best known for his work upon the Life and Epistles of St. Paul in collaboration with J. S. Howson (2 vols., London, 1852; 2d ed., revised, 18.56; many other editions); of the twenty-eight chapters of this work Mr. Conybeare contributed nine, including the speeches and letters of Paul, all of which he translated and annotated. A volume of his Sermons Preached in the Chapel
Royal, Whitehall, appeared in 1844, and his contri- Ijutions to the Edinburgh Review were reprinted with additions under the title Essays, Ecclesiastical and Social in 1855. He also published a novel. Perversion, or tlie Causes and Consequences of Infidelity (3 vols., 1856).
COOK, CHARLES: The father of Methodism in France and Switzerland; b. in London May 31, 1787; d. at Lausanne Feb. 21, 1858. He entered the Wesleyan ministry in 1817 and the next year went to France, where he was indefatigable in labor, and it was largely through his agency that tliere was a revival of religion among French Protestants under the Restoration. Merle d'Aubigne said of him: " The work which John Wesley did in the British kingdom, Charles Cook did upon the Continent, except that it was not so extensive." He organized numerous small societies, whicli either joined the Reformed Church or continued independent. A controversy with C6sar Malan upon the doctrine of predestination led to the publication of his most important work, U Amour de Dieu pour tous les hommes.
Bibliography: Vie de Charles Cook by hia son, J. P. Cook, Paris, 1862.
COOK, EMILE FRANCIS: French Methodist; b. at Niort (34 m. e.n.e. of La Rochelle) 1830, son of Charles Cook (q.v.); d. at Hyeres (12 m. e. of Toulon) Jan. 29, 1874. He was educated in Lausanne and the Wesleyan institutions in England; ordained in 1854; and in 1866 came to Paris to be pastor of the Wesleyan Congregation there. He came to America as delegate to the General Conference of the Evangelical Alliance held in New York Oct. 2-12, 1873, and escaped shipwreck in the ill-fated Ville du Havre (Nov. 22, 1873), only to die shortly after on land.
Bibliography: L. S. Houghton, Faithful to the End; Emile Coolc's Life, Philadelphia, 1881.
COOK, FREDERIC CHARLES: Church of England; b. at Milbrook Dec. 1, 1804; d. at Exeter June 22, 1889. He studied at St. John's College, Cambridge (B.A., 1831; M.A., 1844), and at Bonn; was ordained 1839; was inspector of schools; prebendary of St. Paul's 1856-65; preacher at Lincoln's Inn 1860-80; prebendary in Lincoln cathedral 1861-64. He became chaplain in ordinary to the Queen 1857; canon residentiary of Exeter 1864; chaplain to the bishop of London 1869; precentor of Exeter 1872. He was a learned Biblical scholar and a remarkable linguist, acquainted, it is said, with fifty-two languages. His most important work was done for The Speaker's Commentary (10 vols., London, 1871-82), which was planned in 1864 to refute the theories advanced by Bishop Colenso anil modern critics; Canon Cook was chosen editor in chief and, in addition to his work as editor, wrote personally the introductions to Exodus, the Psalms, and the Acts, the entire commentary on Job, Ilabakkuk, Mark, Luke, and I Peter, and part of that on Exodus, the Psalms, and Matthew. He criticized severely the work of the New Testament revisers in The Revised Version of the First Three Gospels Considered in its Bearings upon the Record of our Lord's Words and of Incidents in his