THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
Geschichte der Reformation im Elsass, i. 277, 375, ii. 19, Strasburg, 1830-32. Consult also: C. T. Keim, Schwabische Reformationsgeschichte, pp. 24 sqq., Tubingen, 1855; Wilrttembergische Kirchengeschichte, pp. 272 sqq., Stuttgart, 1892.
KELLER, LUDWIG KARL: German Reformed layman; b. at Fritzlar (16 m. s.w. of Cassel), Prussia, Mar. 28, 1849. He was educated at the universities of Leipsic and Marburg (Ph.D., 1873), and from 1874 to 1895 was connected with the state archives of Westphalia at Munster, where he was successively second assistant (1874-81), and director (1874-95). Since 1895 he has been privy state archivist at Berlin. Besides being editor of the Monatsschrift der Comenius-Gesellschaft, he has written the following works of theological interest: Geschichte der Wiedertdufer und ihres Reichs zu Munster (Munster, 1880); Die Gegenreformation in Westfalen und am Niederrhein, Actenstilcke und Erlauterungen (3 parts, Leipsic, 1886-95) ; Ein Apostel der Wiedertdufer (biography of Hans Denk; 1882); Die Reformation und die dlteren Reformparteien in ihrem Zusammenhange dargestellt (1885); Die Waldenser und die deutschen Bibelubersetzungen (1886); and Johann von Staupitz und die Anfdnge der Reformation (1888).
KELLNER, KARL ADAM HEINRICH: German Roman Catholic; b. at Heiligenstadt (15 m. n.w. of Muhlhausen), Prussia, Aug. 26, 1837. He studied at the academy of Munster, the University of Tubingen, and the seminary of Treves, and was ordained to the priesthood in 1861. He was then vicar at Treves 1862-65, parish priest at Bitburg 1866-67, and professor of canon law in the theological seminary at Hildesheim from 1867 to 1874, when the institution was closed as a result of the Kulturkampf. In 1874 he was appointed professor of church history in the University of Bonn, and held this position until his retirement from active life in 1902. He has written Buss- und Straffverfahrungen gegen Kleriker in den sechs ersten christlichen Jahrhunderten (Treves, 1863); Hellenismus und Christentum (Cologne, 1866): Ausgewdhlte Schriften Tertullians ubersetzt (2 vols., Kempten, 1870-72); Verfassung, Lehramt und Unfehlbarkeit der Kirche (1872); Tertullians sdmmtliche Schriften ubersetzt (2 vols., Cologne, 1882); and Heortologie oder das Kirchenjahr und die Heiligenfeste in ihrer geschichtlichen Entwicklung von den dltesten Zeiten bis zur Gegenwart (Freiburg, 1901). He also revised the eleventh volume of Rohrbacher's Unvversalgeschichte der katholischen Kirche (Munster, 1880).
KELLS, SYNOD OF: A synod convened in 1152 at Kells (38 m. n.w. of Dublin), by Eugenius III., for the purpose of reorganizing the Church of Ireland. It divided the country into four archbishoprics, established a hierarchy, introduced tithes and the Peter's-pence, acknowledged the papal supremacy, etc. See Celtic Church in Britain and Ireland, III., 2, § 5.
KELLY, THOMAS: Irish dissenting preacher and hymn-writer; b. at Kellyville (4 m. w. of Athy), County Queen's, July 13, 1769; d. there May 14, 1855. He was graduated at the University of
Dublin and studied law in London, but took orders in the Established Church in 1792 and began to preach in Dublin. For his fervent Evangelical sermons he was soon inhibited by the archbishop from preaching in the diocese of Dublin. After preaching for a time in two unconsecrated buildings in the city, he became a dissenter and, from his ample means, erected chapels at Athy, Portarlington Waterford, Wexford, and other places, where he continued to preach. His reputation rests upon his Hymns on Various Passages of Scripture (Dublin 1804). The ninety-six hymns of the first edition grew to 765 in the seventh (1853), the last that appeared before his death. His best-known hymns are, " Come, see the place where Jesus lay," and " On the mountain's top appearing."
Bibliography: S. W. Duffield, English Hymns, pp. 206- 207 et passim, New York, 1886; Julian, Hymnology pp 614-615.
KELLY, WILLIAM: Plymouth Brother; b. of Episcopalian parentage in the north of Ireland 1821; d. at Exeter, England, Mar. 27, 1906. He was early left fatherless, supported himself by teaching in the island of Sark, and joined the Plymouth Brethren (q.v.) in 1840. He retained a close connection with the Channel Islands for thirty years, residing in Guernsey, but for the latter half of his career his home was at Blackheath, London, S. E. He graduated with classical honors at Trinity College, Dublin, and by his writings established a reputation for sound scholarship and acquired distinction as an able controversialist. Besides aiding Tregelles in that eminent scholar's investigations as a Biblical textual critic, he himself published, in 1860, a critical edition of the Revelation of John, which earned a commendatory notice from Ewald in the Gottingen Jahrbucher. Such studies were carried on concurrently with the editing of a periodical entitled The Prospect, which gave way to The Bible Treasury, carried on by Kelly to the time of his death. This brought the editor into correspondence with such men as Dean Alford, Dr. Robert Scott the lexicographer, Principal Edwards, Professor Sanday, and other theologians. In his last days Archdeacon Denison was wont to speak of The Bible Treasury as the only religious magazine worth reading, so steadfast was the editor in rejection of what he believed to be Christ-dishonoring views of the Bible put forth by higher critics.
Kelly identified himself whole-heartedly with the body of doctrine developed by the late John Nelson Darby (q.v.), whose Collected Writings were edited by him. According to Neatby, he " was essentially the interpreter of Darby to the uninitiated." Kelly's own merits were, however, manifest alike in living as in written ministry. Spurgeon, judging by the latter, has applied to him, in the Guide to Commentaries, words of Goldsmith, " born for the universe, who narrowed his mind ' by Darbyism. Although friction at last arose between them, the younger retained his veneration for the older man.
In the list of Kelly's writings will be found lectures on or formal expositions of all the books of the Bible. Kelly exercised considerable influence upon outside readers by his Lectures on the New