THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
minaret is the Christian campanile, without its bell, while the court is like a khann. In connection with mosques are schools where the Koran is taught. In the Mosque Al-Azhar at Cairo is the great university of the Mohammedans, whither students come from all parts of their world, and whence they are sent to propagate their faith. Other establishments, benevolent in character, are also connected with mosques.
Bibliography: Besides the general works given under Architecture, consult: J. Pergusson, Indian and Eastern Architecture, London, 1876; idem, Hist, of Architecture, ib. 1893; G. de Prengly, L 'Architecture des Arabes, Paris, 1842; Franz-Pasha, Die Baukunst des Islam, Darmstadt, 1896; R. Borrmann, Die Baukunst des Altertums und des Islams im Mittelalter, Leipsic, 1904; R. P. Spiers, Architecture East and West, London, 1904.
MOTET. See Sacred Music, II., 2, § 3.
MOTT, JOHN RALEIGH: Methodist layman, leader in the Young Men's Christian Association movement; b. at Livingstone Manor, N. Y., May 25, 1865. He studied at Upper Iowa University, but was graduated from Cornell University, 1888; the same year he became student secretary of the international committee of the Y. M. C. A. and chairman of the executive committee of the Student Volunteer Movement; since 1895 he has also been general secretary of the World's Christian Federation, since 1S98 secretary of the foreign department of the international committee of the Y. M. C. A., and since 1901 associate general secretary of the same. He has been most efficient in promoting the foreign mission enthusiasm among young people, and organizes missionary conferences in all parts of the world with marked skill. He enjoys a commanding position among the leaders of modern evangelization. He has written: Strategic Points in the World's Conquest (New York, 1897); The Evangelization of the World in this Generation (1900); Christians of Reality (Shanghai, 1902); The Pastor and Modern Missions (New York, 1904); and The Future Leadership of the Church (1909).
MOULE, GEORGE EVANS: Anglican bishop in Central China; b. at Gillingham (24 m. n.e. of Dorchester), Dorsetshire, England, Jan. 28, 1828. He was educated at Corpus Christi College (B.A., 1850), and was ordered deacon in 1851 and ordained priest in the following year. He was curate at Fordington, Dorset (1851-55); chaplain of the Dorset County Hospital (1855-57); a missionary, under the auspices of the Church Missionary Society, at Ning-po and Hangchow, China, from 1857 to 1878; and curate of West Stafford (1878-80). In 1880 he was consecrated missionary bishop in Central China, his diocese covering the provinces of Keang-su, Chehkiang, An-hwi, Huipeh, and parts of Keang-si and Hunan, holding this position till 1907, when he became missionary for the Church Missionary Society at Hangchow, China. He has published Faith arid Duty (sermons; Shanghai, 1902).
MOULE, HANDLEY CARR GLYN: Church of England, bishop of Durham; b. at Dorchester, Dorsetshire, Dec. 2'4, 1S11. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A., 1K64), where he was fellow from 1N65 to l.ssi. He was assistant master at Marlborough College (1865-67), assistant curate
of Fordington, Dorset (1867-73, 1877-80), dean of Trinity College (1873-77), first principal of Ridley Hall, Cambridge (1881-99), and Norrisian professor of divinity at Cambridge (1899-1901). In 1901 he was consecrated bishop of Durham. He was also select preacher at Cambridge in 1880, 1882, 1891, 1894, 1896, 1899, and 1900, and at Oxford in 1895, as well as honorary chaplain to the queen in 1898- 1901 and to the king since the latter year. In theology he is " deeply attached to the main positions and traditions of the English Reformation, a humble believer in the divine authority of the Holy Scriptures, and in later years greatly influenced by the Keswick movement."
Among his numerous works are: Apollo at Pherce (Cambridge, 1865); Poems from Subjects Connected with the Acts of the Apostles (London, 1869); Fordington Sermons (1882); Christianus, a Story of Antioch, and Other Poems (1883); Justifying Righteousness (1885); Thoughts on Union with Christ (1885); Thoughts on the Spiritual Life (1887); The Christian's Victory over Sin (1887); The New Birth (1888); Outlines of Christian Doctrine (1889); Secret Prayer (1889); The Net and the Deliverance (1889); Veni Creator (1890); The Cup of the Covenant (1890); Daniel: or, the Secret of Continuance (1890); Life in Christ and for Christ (1890); The Oak of Ephrah (1891); At the Holy Communion (1892); Jesus and the Resurrection (1893); Charles Simeon (1895); Grace and Godliness (1895); In the House of the Pilgrimage (1896); The Sacrament of Baptism (1896); Prayers and Promises (1896); Philippian Studies (1897); Colossian Studies (1898); Our Prayer-Book (1898); Confession (1899); On the Holy Communion (1899); Our Great High Priest, (1899); Ephesian Studies (1900); The Secret of the Presence, and other Sermons (1900); The Evangelical School in the Church of England (1901); From Sunday to Sunday (1903); Justification by Faith (1903); Temptation and Escape (1903); Imitations and Translations (1904); The School of Suffering (1905); My Brethren and Companions, and other Sermons (1905); Second Epistle to Timothy (1905); Holiness by Faith (1906); Scenes in the Life of our Lord (1907); The High Priestly Prayer: a devotional Commentary on the 17th Chapter of St. John (1907); Christ's Witness to the Life to Come, and Other Sermons (1908); Faith, its Nature and Work (1909); and Messages from the Epistle to the Hebrews (1909). He likewise prepared for The Cambridge Bible the volumes on Romans (Cambridge, 1879), Ephesians (1886), Philippians (1889), and Colossians and Philemon (1893); tor The Expositor's Bible the volume on Romans (London, 1894) ; and for the Cambridge Greek Testament the volume on Philippians (Cambridge, 1897).
MOULTON, WILLIAM FIDDIAN: Wesleyan; b. at Leek (42 m. n. of Birmingham, Eng.) Mar. 14, 1835; d. at Cambridge Feb. 5, 1898. The son and grandson of Wesleyan preachers, he was educated at Wesleyan schools, at Woodhouse Grove School, near Leeds, until he was fifteen, when he entered Wesley College, Sheffield. In 1851 he matriculated in London University. In 1853 he became a master in a private school in Davonport; he graduated with honors in London University (B.A., 1S54; M.A., 1856). From 1854 till 1858 he was mathematical master at Queen's College, Taunton. In 1858 he entered the Wesleyan ministry, but, as in the judgment of the Conference he was better fitted for teaching than for preaching, he became at once assistant tutor at Richmond College, Surrey, and so remained for ten years, when he became classical tutor in the same institution. In 1898 he was called to be headmaster and organizer of The Leys School, Cambridge, which he made a great school and remained with it till his death.
Although he seldom preached and his reputation was in the fields of scholarship, he enjoyed the