THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
Bibliography: J. Grivel, in TSBA, iii (1874), 136 sqq.; P. Haupt, Nimrodepos, in Assyriologische Bibliothek, III., ii., Leipsic, 1891; A. Jeremias, lzdubar-Nimrod, ib., 1891; T. G. Pinches, The O. T. in the Light of the . . Records . . of Assyria and Babylonia, pp. 127-131, London, 1902; DB, iii. 552-553; EB, iii. 3417-19; JE, ix. 309-311; the later commentaries on the passage; and the literature under Noah.
NINCK, CARL WILHELM THEODOR: German philanthropist; b. at Staffel near Limburg (20 m. e. of Coblenz) May 28, 1834; d. at Hamburg Sept. 17, 1887. He studied at Halle, Erlangen, and Herborn. In 1858 he was chaplain at Westerburg where he created a revival of religious interest that extended to the surrounding neighborhood. In 1865 he was called to Friicht. There he promoted a tract society which he had previously organized at Westerburg and which now became a department of the Evangelical Association of Nassau. Ninck became manager and secretary of this tract society of Nassau, a position he held until 1873. He acted as hospital and field chaplain during the wars of 1866 and 1870-71. For his services in the latter war, especially around Metz and Strasburg, he received the Iron Cross. In 1873 he went to Hamburg to take charge of the Anscharkapelle in St. Michael's parish, established in 1860 for home mission work. Wilhelm Baur had served there from 1865 to 1871 when he was called as court preacher to Berlin. Ninck 's great organizing talent and tireless energy found full scope in this field. Impelled from within by an ardent Christian devotion and Evangelical enthusiasm, there was scarcely an interest in domestic missions in which he was not active. He founded the Parish Sisters for the purpose of looking after the poor and sick of the congregation and built a home for them called Bethlehem. This was followed by a series of institutions erected on the heights of Anschar, near Eppendorf, one for morally endangered girls; the Louisenhof, for girls who had gone astray for the first time; a home for retired deaconesses; and other like institutions. He published the Nachbar, a religious journal, which attained a circulation of 100,000 copies. He also published the Kinderfreund in which he developed a special talent for interesting young people. In 1884 he undertook a journey to Palestine and afterward wrote Aufbiblischen P/aden (Hamburg, 1885).
(Carl Bertheatj.)
Bibliography: Lives have been written by T. Rottebohm, Hamburg, 1888; F. Cuntz, Herborn, 1890; and F. W. H. Koopmann, in Bilder aus der christlichen Liebesthatigkeit in Hamburg, p. 85, Berlin (1899?).
NINEVEH. See Assyria, III. and IV
NINIAN, nin'i-an (NINIAS), SAINT: The first missionary and monastic bishop of North Britain. Bede relates, as common report in his time, that Ninian was a Briton, received his theological training at Rome, and was consecrated bishop; he established himself near the present Whithorn, in Wigtownshire, on the northern shore of the Solway Firth, and built there a stone church, dedicated to St. Martin of Tours, from which the place was called Ad Candidam Casam; after a successful work among the Picts south of the Grampians, he died and was buried in his church. His life by Ailred, abbot of Rievaulx jn Yorkshire (1143-66), adds little to our
knowledge, but the statement that Ninian heard of the death of St. Martin while building his church may be authentic, and if so fixes the date of Ninian's mission at about 400. It may also be true that Martin furnished masons to build the church. Nothing is said about a monastery founded by Ninian, but a century later Candida Casa, under the name of Rosnat or the Great Monastery, was a famous training-school of the monastic life and in the fourteenth century it was a favorite resort of pilgrims.
Bibliography: Bede, Hist, eccl., iii. 4; Life by Ailred in Lives of St. Ninian and St. Kentigern, ed. A. P. Forbes, Edinburgh, 1874; A. P. Forbes, Kalendars of Scottish Saints, pp. 421^25, ib. 1872; J. H. Newman, Lives of the English Saints, London, 1845; J. MacKinnon, Ninian und sein Einfluss auf die Ausbreitung des Christenthums in Nord-Britannien, Heidelberg, 1891; idem, Culture in Early Scotland, book ii., chap, iii., London, 1892; DNB, xli. 68-69; DCB, iv. 45-46.
NIPPOLD, FRIEDRICH WILHELM FRANZ: German Protestant; b. at Emmerich (60 m. w. of Miinster) Sept. 15, 1838. He was educated at the universities of Halle (1856-58), Bonn (1858-60; Ph. D., 1860), Amsterdam, and Leyden (1860), after which he traveled in the East (1861-63) . He became privat^docent at the University of Heidelberg in 1865; associate professor there in 1867; full professor at Bern in 1871; and professor of church history at Jena 1884-1907, retiring as emeritus in 1907. Theologically he belongs to the liberal school.
Among his numerous writings, special mention may be made of his Handbuch der neuesten Kirchengeschichte seit der Restauration von 1814 (Elberfeld, 1867, 3d ed., 5 vols., 1901-06; Eng. transl. in part, The Papacy in the 19th Century, New York, 1900); Der Jesuiten-Orden von seiner Wiederherstellung bis zur Gegenwart (Mannheim, 1867); Aus Gethsemane (sermons; Elberfeld, 1867); Christian Carl Josias, Freiherr von Bunsen (3 vols., Leipsic, 1868-71); Welche Wege fuhren nach Romf (Heidelberg, 1869); Ein Blick von Worms auf Jerusalem (Mannheim, 1869); Mgyptens Stellung in der Religion und Kultur (Hamburg, 1869) ; Stille Stunden, Aphorismen aus Richard Rothes Nachlass (Wittenberg, 1872); Die altkatholische Kirche des Erzbistums Utrecht (Heidelberg, 1872); Richard Rothe, ein christliches Lebensbild (2 vols., 1873-74); Ursprung, Umfang, Hemmnisse und Aussichten der altkatholischen Bewegung (Berlin, 1873); Die gegenwartige Wiederbelebung des H exenglaubens (1875); Die Gleichnisse Jesu von dem wachsenden Saat, vom grossen Abendmahl und vom sterbenden Weizenkorn (Bern, 1S77); Die rbmisch-katholische Kirche im Kbnigreich der Niederlande (Leipsic, 1877); Religion und Kirchenpolitik Friedrichs des Grossen (Berlin, 1879); Die Theorie der Trennung von Kirche und Staat geschichtlich beleuchtet (Bern, 1881); Zur geschichtlichen Wiirdigung der Religion Jesu (10 parts, 1884-93); Die Thilmmelschen Religionsprozesse (2 vols., Halle, 1888); Tagebuch des Peter von der Heyden, S. J. (Barmen, 1889); Die jesuitischen Schriftsteller der Gegenwart in Deutschland (Leipsic, 1895); Das Entwicklungsgang des Lebens Jesu (Hamburg, 1895); Die internationelle Seite des papstlichen Politik (Leipsic, 1895) ; Kleine Schrijten zur inneren Geschichte des Katholizismus (2 parts, Jena, 1898- 1899); Das deutsche Christuslied des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts (Leipsic, 1902); and Bischof von Anger, die Berliner Politik und die evangelische Mission (Berlin, 1905). He has edited, among other works, Berner Beitrage zur Geschichte der Schweiz (Bern, 1884) ; the fifth edition of K. R. Hagenbach's Kirchengeschichte (3 vols., Leipsic, 1885-87); R. Rothe's Gesammelte Reden und Aufsatze (Elberfeld, 1885); H. von Boyen's Erinnerungen aus meinem Leben (2 vols., Leipsic, 1889); and A. von Theiner's Einfuhrung der erzwungenen Ehelosigkeit bei den christlichen Geistlichen una ihre Folgen (Barmen, 1891-98).
NIPPUR. See Babylonia, IV., J 9.