RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Robin sou Rode
was over 1,400 paces long. By May, 1628, the construction of the mole was so well advanced that an English relief fleet was unable to enter the harbor. Meantime Rochelle was famishing. Everything edible was devoured, even boiled parchment. Finally, on Oct. 28, 1628, the city surrendered. Its privileges were abolished, its property was attached to the royal domain, its walls were leveled, and the Roman Catholic religion was restored within it. But Richelieu's opposition had been purely political. Freedom of worship was still left to the Protestants. Under the active commercial policy of Colbert Rochelle shared with all the Huguenots of France in the prosperity of the times. It had important commercial connection with the French colonies in America, with Santo Domingo, and the West African coast. But the revocation of the Edict of Nantes (q.v.; also see Nimes, Edict of) in 1685 was a blow from which it never recovered. It is estimated then to have lost 5,000 inhabitants. So low did it sink that even during the French Revolution and Napoleonic wars it had almost no history. To-day it is a dull provincial town engaged in the fisheries and having some South American trade. See Huguenots; Richelieu; and Rohan, Henri, Due de. James Westfall Thompson.
Bibliography: J. W. Thompson, Wars of Religion in France, 1669-76, Chicago, 1909 (with extensive bibliography; relates to the siege of 1573-74); A. Barbot, Hist, de la Rochelle, Paris, 1886; T. E. Kemmerer, Hist, de Vile de Re, La Rochelle, 1888; G. Musset, La Rochelle et ses ports, ib. 1890; P. Suzanne, La Rochelle pittoresque, ib. 1903; Cambridge Modern History, iii. 10-11, 20-25, 32, New York, 1905; and the literature under Huguenots; Richelieu; and Rohan, Henri.
ROCHET. See Vestments and Insignia, Ecclesiastical.
ROCK, DANIEL: Roman Catholic; b. at Liverpool Aug. 31, 1799; d. at Kensington, London, Nov. 28, 1871. He was educated in the English College, Rome; was ordained priest in 1824; served at St. Mary's, Moorfields, London, 1825-26, then at the Bavarian Chapel in Warwick St., 1826-27; was domestic chaplain to the earl of Shrewsbury, 1827- 1840; then pastor at Buckland, near Farringdon; and, on the reintroduction of the Roman Catholic hierarchy, canon of Southwark, 1852-54. He was an eminent antiquarian, and wrote, Hierurgia, or the Sacrifice of the Mass Expounded (2 vols., London, 1833); Did the Early Church in Ireland acknowledge the Pope's Supremacy f (1844); and The Church of our Fathers, as seen in St. Osmond's Rite for the Cathedral of Salisbury (3 vols., 1849-54).
Bibliography: J. Gillow, Literary and Biographical History . of English Catholics, v. 436-437, London and New York, n.d.; DNB, xlix. 75-76.
ROCK, JOHANN FRIEDRICH. See Inspired, The.
RODANIM. See Dodanim.
RODE, ro'de, HINNE (JOHANNES RHODIUS) : B. in Friesland c. 1490; d. in East Friesland c. 1535. He belonged to the Brethren of the Common Life (see Common Life, Brethren of the) as their most eminent member and the most conspicuous personal force, and was connected with the school they
had established under the patronage of St. Jerome. Nothing is known of his early life, neither the exact time nor place of his birth. He first comes into public note as rector of the school named above, and was held in high esteem for piety and learning. He was no stranger to humanistic efforts, nor to the movements that preceded the Reformation, especially as exemplified by Wessel. Whether Rode made the acquaintance of Wessel, who died in 1489, and so received some incitation from him directly, is not ascertainable. At all events he was acquainted with Wessel's widely diffused, much read and esteemed, influential writings. In this situation Luther's advent was hailed with joy. His theses were circulating in that region as early as 1518, while his books found ready sale despite of or perhaps because of much vehement zeal on the opposing side (Erasmus, Epist., ccexvii., May 18). The contest was also greatly reinforced by Luther's pupils, as by Henry of Ziitphen (see