THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
of twelve, but in 1868 removed to Provo, Utah, returning, however, to resume his work in the historian's office. Appointed director of all the Mormon missions in Europe, he made a tour of England, Scandinavia, Germany, France, and Switzerland in 1S74, and again visited Europe in 1S77. He was recalled by the death of Brigham Young, but made a short mission to the eastern states in the same year, after which he was in charge of the endowment house at Salt Lake City until it was closed in 1884. In 1SS0 he was appointed second counselor to President John Taylor, and in 1SS2 was also president of the council of the Utah legislature, as well as president of the Utah constitutional convention. He was continued in his position of second counselor by President Wilford Woodruff, and, on the death of Lorenzo Snow in 1901, succeeded him as president of the Mormon Church, which dignity he still holds.
SMITH, JUDSON: Congregationalist; b. at Middlefield, Mass., June 28, 1837; d. at Roxbury, Mass., June 29, 1906. He was graduated from Amherst College (A.B., 1859) and from Oberlin Theological Seminary, Oberlin, O. (1863). He was tutor in Latin and Greek in Oberlin College (1862- 1864); instructor in mathematics and metaphysics at Williston Seminary, Easthampton, Mass. (1864- 1866), and was ordained to the ministry (1866). He was professor of Latin in Oberlin College (1866-70), and of ecclesiastical history and positive institutions in the Oberlin Theological Seminary (1870-84), also serving as dean of the faculty; lecturer in modern history at Oberlin College (1875-84), as well as at the Lake Erie Female Seminary, Painesville, 0. (1S79-S4); and lecturer on foreign missions in the Hartford Theological Seminary from 1SS4 till his death. He was acting pastor at the Second Congregational Church at Oberlin in 1874-75 and again in 1S82-S4. In 1883-84 he was editor of Bibliotheca Sacra, on which he continued to serve as associate editor. After 1884 he was foreign secretary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. His theological standpoint was that of the New England theology, holding fast to the historic faith of Christendom, but welcoming all new light that broke forth from the Word of God. He was the author of Lectures in Church History and the History of Doctrine from the Beginning of the Christian Era to 1648 (Oberlin, O., 1881), and Lectures in Modern History (1881).
SMITH, RODNEY ("GIPSY SMITH"): Methodist evangelist; b. at Wanstead (6 m. n.e. of London), Essex, England, Mar. 31, 1860. He is of Gipsy parentage, and was converted at the age of sixteen. In l,s77 he became an evangelist under the auspices of the Christian Mission of London, and preached successfully in various places, particularly at Whitby, Sheffield, Bolton, Chatham, Hull, Derby, and Hanley. Meanwhile, the Christian Mission had developed into the Salvation Army (q.v.), and in 1882 Smith was dismissed for a technical breach of discipline. He continued to preach in Hanley, however, but in 1883, after conducting evangelistic services for a time at Hull, made a brief visit to Sweden. Returning to Hanley, he remained there until 1886
when he resigned to resume evangelistic work, being engaged in these labors until the end of 1888. Early in 1889 he visited the United States, conducting services in various cities, returning to England later in the same year and becoming connected with the Manchester Mission. In 1891 he again visited the United States. In 1892 he conducted services in Edinburgh, and from this grew the Gipsy Gospel Wagon Mission, devoted to evangelistic work among his own people. He visited America for the third time in 1893. After a five months' revival in Glasgow in 1893-94, Smith went to Australia, preaching at Adelaide, Melbourne, and Sydney, after which he returned to England by way of the United States. In 1895 he preached in London, Manchester, Edinburgh, as well as in many smaller cities, and in 1S96 paid his fifth visit to America, returning to England and conducting brief evangelistic campaigns until 1897, when he became first missioner of the National Free Church Council. This position he still retains, and in this capacity he has conducted revivals throughout England, besides paying still another visit to the United States in 1907.
Bibliography: Gipsy Smith, his Life and Work (autobiography), new ed., New York, 1907.
SMITH, SAMUEL FRANCIS: American Baptist; b. in Boston, Mass., Oct. 21, 1808; d. there Nov. 16, 1895. He attended the Boston Latin School 1820-25; was graduated from Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass., 1829, and from Andover Theological Seminary, Mass., 1832; was pastor of the First Baptist Church, Waterville, Me., 1834-42, and during the same period professor of modern languages in Waterville College; pastor of the First Baptist Church, Newton, Mass., 1842-54; and editor of The Christian Review, Boston, 1S42-48, and of the publications of the American Baptist Missionary Union, 1854-69. Though his fame rests upon the authorship of the hymn " My country, 'tis of thee " (written at Andover, Mass., in Feb., 1832, while a student in the theological seminary), and the missionary hymn " The morning light is breaking " (written in the same year and place), he wrote many other hymns. Most of the pieces included in Lowell Mason's Juvenile Lyre (Boston, 1832), the first book of children's music, -were his translations from the German. He edited Lyric Gems, being selections of poetry, with several original pieces (Boston, 1843); and in collaboration with Baron Stow The Psalmist (1843) which contained twentyseven of his own hymns, and is the most creditable and influential of the American Baptist collections of its period; also Rock of Ages, being selections of poetry, with some original pieces (1866); and he was the author of Life of Rev. Joseph Grafton (is 181; Missionary Sketches (1879); History of Newton, Mass., Town and City from its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time (1880); and Rambles in Missionfields (1884).
Bibliography: S. W. Duffield, English Hymns, p. 360, Now York, 1886; Julian, Hymnology, pp. 1063-64.
SMITH, SAMUEL STANHOPE: American Presbyterian; b. at Pequea, Lancaster County, Pa., Mar. 16, 1750; d. at Princeton, N. J., Aug. 21, 1819. He was graduated from Princeton College, 1767;