RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
While there was no need of a:
Vestments Vestry
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zerland, considerable differences also show themselves. However, since the surplice of to-day was prescribed in Prussia by a royal ordinance of Jan. 1, 1811, in which way the gown came to life again, unity was much favored, and it is again as complete as in the sixteenth century. At the same time the stiff biretta, resembling a hat, reappeared. The surplice still survives as a relic of the Middle Ages in some Evangelical churches of Germany. On the other hand, in the Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish churches, it is a permanent part of the liturgical dress. The Anglican church has kept in closer touch with the past (see Rrruauism).
Victor SCHULTZE.
BrsiiocrapHy: Notable patristic contributions to the subject are: Isidore of Seville, Oficiorwm libri II., and Etymologiarum ... libri xx.; Walafrid Strabo, De ecclesiasticarum rerum exordiis et incrementis; Amalarius of Metz, De ecclesiasticis officiis; Rabanus Maurus, De sacris ordinibus, sacramentis divinis et vestimentis sacerdotalibus; Pseudo-Aleuin, De divinis officiis, in MPL, ci. 1174 sqa.; Ivo of Chartres, Sermo de significatione indwmentorum sacerdotalium, in MPL, clxii. 519 sqq.; Hugo of St. Victor, Sermo de vestibus sacris, in MPL, elxxvii. 927 sqq.: Honorius of Autun, Gemma anime, in MPL, elxxii. 543 sqq.; and Innocent III., De sacro altaris mysterio, in MPL, cexvii. 780 sqq. Consult further: E. von Muralt, Lexidion der morgenlindischen Kirche, Leipsic, 1838; J. M. Neale, Hist. of the Holy Eastern Church, London, 1850; F. Bock, Geschichte der liturgischen Gewtinder des Mittelalters, 3 vols., Bonn, 1859-71; A. W. Pugin, Glossary of Ecclesiastical Ornament and Costume, London, 1859; H. Weiss, Kostiimkunde, Stuttgart, 1859 sqq.; K. J. Hefele, Bettrige zur Kirchengeschichte, Archiologie und Liturgie, vol. ii, Tiibingen, 1864; A. Dolby, Church Vestments, their Origin,’ Use, and Ornament, London, 1868; W. B. Marriott, Vesttariwm Christianum: The original and gradual Development of the Dress of the Holy Ministry in the Church, ib. 1868; R. Garrucci, Storia della arte cristiana, Prato, 1873 sqq.; J. A. Martigny, Dictionnaire des antiquités chrétiennes, part iii., new ed., Paris, 1877; J. von Hefner-Alteneck, T'rachten, Kunstwerke und Geritschaften vom friihen Mittelalter, 2d ed., Frankfort, 1880 sqq.; A. Kretschmar and C. Rohrbach, Die Trachten der V élker, 2d ed., Leipsic, 1880-82; M. H. Bloxam, Principles of Gothic Ecclesiastical Architecture, vol. iii., London, 1882; C. Rohault de Fleury, La Messe. Etudes archéologiques, 8 vols., Paris, 1883 sqq. (indispensable, especially vols. vii.vili.); A. P. Stanley, Christian Institutions, chap. viii., London, 1884; V. Thalhofer, Handbuch der katholischen Liturgik, i. 856 sqq., Freiburg, 1887; A. Riegl, Die agyptischen Textilfunde, Vienna, 1889; R. Forrer, Die Griber- und Textilfunde in Achmim-Panopolis, Strasburg, 1891; idem, Rimische und byzantische Seiden-T extilien aus .. . Achmim-Panopolis, ib. 1891; W. Lockhart, The Chasuble: tts Form and Size, London, 1891; L. Clugnet, Dictionnaire grec-francais des noms liturgiques . . . dans Véglise grecque, Paris, 1895; O. J. Reichel, English Liturgical Vestments in 13th Century, London, 1895; J. K. Boyle, Ecclesiastical Vestments: their Origin and Significance, ib. 1896; R. A. S. Macalister, Ecclesiastical Vestments, their Development and History, ib. 1896; J. Braun, Die liturgische Gewandung tm Occidentzund Orient, Freiburg, 1901; G. S. Tyack, Historic Dress of the Clergy, London, 1897; W. Durand, The Sacred Vestments, an English rendering of the Third Book of the Rationale divinorum officiorum, with notes by T. H. Passmore, ib. 1899; J. M. B. Clauss, Rabat und Chorrock, Strasburg, 1904; L. Duchesne, Christian Worship, passim, London, 1904; F. Procter and W. H. Frere, New Hist. of the Book of Common Prayer, ib. 1905; M. MacColl, The Royal Commission and the Ornaments Rubric, ib. 1906; J. H. Blunt, Annotated Book of Common Prayer, pp. 67-80, new issue, New York, 1908; P. Dearmer, The Ornaments of the Minister, London, 1908; H. Wilson, Why and Wherefore, Milwaukee, 1909 (deals with ornaments, vestments, and ritual); Mann, Popes, i. 413-419 (on the pallium).
VESTRY: A term originally applied to that portion of a church (usually a special room or even a
Vestry Vicar