(F. VoGTHERR.)
BrsutiocrapHy: G. H. A. Rittelmeyer, Die evangelischen Kirchenliederdichter des Elsasses, pp. 26-27, Jena, 1855; K. Goedeke, Grundriss zur Geschichte der deutschen Dichtung, ii. 157, 173, 369, 1161, Dresden, 1862; J. D. Passavant, Le Peintre-Graveur, iii. 285-286, 344 sqq., Leipsic, 1862; P. Wackernagel, Das deutsche Kirchenlied, iii. 556 sqq., 5 vols., Leipsic, 1864-77; F. Vogtherr, Geschichte der Familie Vogtherr, pp. 60-82, Ansbach, 1908; ADB, xl. 192-193.
VOIGT, ANDREW GEORGE: Lutheran; b. at Philadelphia Jan. 22, 1859. He studied at the University of Pennsylvania (B.A., 1880), the Lutheran Theological Seminary, Mt. Airy, 1880-82, and the University of Erlangen, 1882-83; was pastor at Mt. Holly, N. J., 1883-85, and at Wilmington, N. C., 1898-1903; professor of theology in Newberry College, 8. C., 1885-89 and 1891-98, and at Thiel College, Pa., 1889-91, and professor of theology and dean at the Lutheran Theological Seminary, Mt. Pleasant, S. C., since 1903. He became president of the United Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in 1906. He has contributed the commentary on Ephesians to The Lutheran Commentary (New York, 1896), and has written Why We are Lutherans (1896).
VOIGT, HEINRICH CARL GISBERT AUGUST: German Protestant; b. at Stade (23 m. w. of Hamburg), Prussia, June 29, 1860. He was educated at the universities of Konigsberg, Leipsic, and Berlin (1878-81), and held various pastorates (1883-94); became privat-docent at Berlin, 1892; associate professor of church history at Kénigsberg (1894);
the same at Kiel (1899); and at Halle (1901). Among his writings are: Hine verschollene Urkunde des antimontanistischen Kampfes: die Berichte des Epiphanius tiber die Kataphryger und Quintillianer untersucht (Leipsic, 1891); Adalbert von Prag (Berlin, 1898); Der Verfasser der rémischen Vita des heiligen Adalbert (Prague, 1904); Die dltesten Berichte tiber die Auferstehung Jesu Christi (Stuttgart, 1906) ; Brun von Querfurt, (1907); Die christliche Kirche des Mittelalters an der deutschen Seektiste (1907) ; and Die Geschichte Jesu und die Astrologie (1911). He was also editor of the Altpreussische Monatsschrift (1901-08).
VOIGT, HEINRICH JOHANN MATTHIAS: German Protestant; b. at Oldenburg Aug. 2, 1821; d. at Charlottenburg (a suburb of Berlin) June 19, 1892. He studied at Halle, Berlin, and Gottingen; became rector in Delmenhorst, then pastor at Stade, 1855; and in 1864 ordinary professor of theology at Konigsberg. He was the author of Die Lehre des Athanasius von Alexandrien (Bremen, 1861); and Fundamentaldogmatik, Gotha, 1874.
VOLCK, folk, JOHANN CHRISTOPH WIL- HELM: German Lutheran; b. at Nuremberg Nov. 18, 1835; d. at Rostock May 29, 1904. He was educated at the universities of Erlangen (Ph.D., 1859) and Leipsic, and in 1860 became privat-docent in the theological faculty of the former institution. In 1862 he was called as associate professor to Dorpat, where he was promoted to a full professorship in the following year. He remained there thirtysix years, exercising an important influence on Livonian Lutheranism not only as a teacher but also by practical work, by his membership in the synods, and by establishing a German gymnasium, as well as by striving to prevent the Russification of the university. Lecturing on Semitic philology as well as on theology, Volek continued the course laid down in his doctor’s dissertation, Calendarium Syriacum auctore Cazwinio (Leipsic, 1859), by an edition of Ibn Malik’s Laémiyat al-af’al (2 vols., 1864-66). In theology he had already written Mosis canticum cygneum denuo illustratum (Nordlingen, 1861), and Vindicie Danielice (Dorpat, 1866), in which he maintained that Daniel was prior to Zechariah; he now wrote his first large work, Der Chiliasmus seiner neuesten Bekimpfung gegentiber (Dorpat, 1869). To this same period belongs his De summa carmimis Jobi sententia (1869); a vigorous defense of Deut. xxxiii. in his Der Segen Moses (Erlangen, 1873); Ueber die Bedeutung der semitischen Philologie fiir die alttestamentliche Exegese (Dorpat, 1874); Zur Erinnerung an J. C. K. v. Hofmann (Erlangen, 1878); Ueber den Charakter semitischen V élker und thre Stellung in der Welt- und Kulturgeschichte (Dorpat, 1884); De nonnullis locis Veteris Testamenti ad sacrificia spectantibus (1884); Inwieweit ist der Bibel Irriumslosigkett zuzuschreiben? (1885); Die Bibel als Canon (1885); and Zur Lehre von der heiligen Schrift (1885). The study on the inerrancy of the Bible, though thoroughly orthodox, produced great excitement in the Baltic Church, and was important for the development of the position of the Livonian Lutherans. Volck collaborated with B. Oettli in preparing the poetic hagiographa for O.