Books on the Danish West Indies, Congress Library, Wash-
ington, D. C., 1901; J. de Dampierre, Essai sur les sources
de V histoire des Antilles francaises, 1492-1664, Paris, 1904;
F. Dodsworth, The Book of the West Indies, London, 1904;
H. H. van Kol, Naar de Antillen en Venezuela, Leyden,
1904; F. A. Ober, Our West Indian Neighbors, New York,
1904; idem, Guide to the West Indies, ib. 1908; G. Weg-
gener, Reisen im Westindischen Mittelmeer, Berlin, 1904;
J. Henderson, The West Indies, London, 1905, new ed.,
New York, 1909.
On separate parts of the West Indies: J. H. Stark, Hist. and Guide to the Bahama Islands, Boston, 1891; G. Lester, In Sunny Isles: Chapters treating chiefly of the Bahama Islands, London, 1897; The Bahama Islands, ed. G. B. Shattuck, New York, 1905; N. D. Davis, Cavaliers and Roundheads in Barbadoes, ib 1888; J. Y. Edghill, About Barbados, London, 1890; J. H. Stark, Hist. and Guide to Barbados, Boston, 1893; A. Bachiller y Morales, Cuba: Monografia historica, Havana, 1883; F. Vidal y Careta, Estudio de las razas humanas que han ido poblando sucesivamente la Isla de Cuba, Madrid, 1897; I. E. Canini, Four Centuries of Spanish Rule in Cuba, Chicago, 1898; R. Davey, Cuba, Past and Present, London, 1898; F. Matthews, The New-born Cuba, New York, 1899; E. Aubert, Les nouvelles Ameriques. Cuba, etc., Paris, 1901; H. Gannett, A Gazetteer of Cuba, Washington, D. C., 1902; H. H.S. Aimes, Hist. of Slavery in Cuba, 1611-1868, New York, 1907; I. A. Wright, Cuba, ib. 1910; Sir S. St. John, Hayti or the Black Republic, London, 1889; E. M. Bacon and E. M. Aaron, The New Jamaica, New York, 1890; F. Cundall, Bibliotheca Jamaicensis, ib. 1895; J. H. Stark, Jamaica Guide, Boston, 1898; B. P. Burry, Jamaica as wz is, 1903, London, 1903; F. Dodsworth, The Book of Jamaica, Kingston, 1904; W.J. Gardner, Hist. of Jamaica, new ed., New York, 1909; A. D. Hall, Porto Rico, New York, 1898; A. G. Robinson, Porto Rico of To-day, ib. 1899; R. A. van Middeldyk, The History of Puerto Rico, ib. 1903; S. Brau, Historia de Puerto Rico, ib. 1904; L. 8. Rowe, The United States and Porto Rico, ib. 1904; S. Hazard, Santo Domingo, Past and Present, London, 1873; D.
West Westen
_ Hort, Trinidad, Historical and Statistical, ib. 1865; J. A. de Suze, Geography of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad, 1894. Specifically on the religious side are: H. B. Foster, Wesleyan-Methodism in Jamaica, London, 1881; W. Carlile, Thirty-eight Years’ Mission Life in Jamaica, ib. 1884; E. Nuttall, The Churchman’s Manual, Jamaica, 1893; J. B. Ellis, Hist. of the Church of England in Jamaica, Kingston, 1891; A. Caldecott, The Church in the West Indies, London, 1898. Consult also the more general literature under Missions.
WEST, SAMUEL: The name of two American Unitarian ministers.
1. Of New Bedford, Mass.; b. at Yarmouth, Cape Cod, Mass., Mar. 3, 1730 (O.8.); d. at Tiverton, Newport Co., R. I., Sept. 24, 1807. After a youth spent on his father’s farm, he entered Harvard College (B.A., 1754), and after graduation spent several years in further study, much of his time being devoted to science, while in later years he developed a very marked interest in alchemy. In 1761 he was ordained to the ministry of the Congregational church at New Bedford, Mass., which he continued to serve, though at times much crippled financially, until age and impairment of mental powers forced him to retire in 1803. During the Revolution he served as a chaplain in the American forces at Boston, and took an active part as a member of the conventions for framing the constitution of Massachusetts and for adopting the constitution of the United States, his personal influence over his former classmate, Governor Hancock, largely securing the adhesion of his state to the American Constitution. Besides his addiction to alchemy, West devoted much time to the study of expected fulfilments of prophecy, and these traits, together with an almost incredible absent-mindedness, give a curious picture to the present day. Although he published a number of sermons, West is chiefly memorable for a polemic against Jonathan Edwards’ doctrine of predestination, entitled Hssays on Liberty and Necessity (2 parts, 1793-95).
2. Of Boston; b. at Martha’s Vineyard, Mass., Nov. 19, 1738 (O.8.); d. at Boston, Mass., Apr. 10, 1808. After a youth of privation, he entered Harvard College (B.A., 1761), and on graduation was chosen chaplain to the garrison at Port Pownal, Penobscot, Me., where he spent a year. After acting as an occasional supply at Cambridge, where he had returned for further study, he was ordained in 1764 to the ministry of the church at Needham, Mass., where he remained, despite some friction owing to the delay of his congregation in paying him his salary, until 1789, when he assumed charge of the Hollis Street Church, Boston, where he labored regularly until 1801, after which increasing infirmity of age compelled him gradually to withdraw from active life. Brought up as a Calvinistic Trinitarian, West broke with Calvinism at an early period; his precise views on the Trinity are uncertain, but he was ranked as an opponent of the conservative school. His only publications were a number of sermons.
Brsuiocrapruy: W. B. Sprague, Annals of the American Unitarian Pulpit, New York, 1865, pp. 37-55; a biographical
sketch of West of Boston by T. Thacher is also appended to the funeral sermon delivered by J. Lathrop, Boston, 1808.
WEST, STEPHEN: b. in Tolland, Conn., Noy, 2, 1735; d. at Stockbridge, Mass., May 15, 1819.