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BIBLE DICTIONARY + WORD STUDY

Axe

Original Hebrew / Aramaic / Greek connected to this term

How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.

GREEK · G513

ἀξίνη

axinē — axe

αξίνη, -ης, ἡ [in LXX for גַּרְזֶן, קַרְדֹּם ;] an axe: Mat.3:10, Luk.3:9.† (AS)

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GREEK · G5057

τελώνης

telōnēs — tax collector

τελώνης, -ου, ὁ (τέλος, ὠνέομαι) 1. a farmer of taxes (Let. publicanus). 2. A subordinate of the former, who collected taxes or tolls in a particular district, a tax-gatherer (EV, publican): Mat.5:46 10:3, Luk.3:12 5:27, 29 7:29 18:10-11, 13; pl., τ. κ. ἁμαρτωλοί, Mat.9:10-11 11:19, Mrk.2:15-16, Luk.5:30 7:34 15:1; τ. κ. πόρναι, Mat.21:31-32; ὁ ἐθνικὸς κ. ὁ τ., Mat.18:17 (cf. DB, iv, 172; ext., 394 f.; MM, xxiv).† (AS)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H783

אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא

ar.tach.shash.ta — Artaxerxes

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.6.14 Also named: ar.tach.shash.ta (אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא "Artaxerxes" H0783) § Artaxerxes = "I will make the spoiled to boil: I will stir myself (in) winter" son and successor of Xerxes as emperor of Persia, 465-424 BC

14 tagged verse occurrences · see every occurrence →

HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H5166

נְחֶמְיָה

ne.chem.yah — Nehemiah

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, first mentioned at Ezr.2.2 § Nehemiah = "Jehovah comforts" 1) the son of Hachaliah, cupbearer to king Artaxerxes, who became governor of Judah after the return from exile 2) one of the 12 heads of the people who returned from exile with Zerubbabel 3) son of Azbuk and ruler of the half part of Beth-zur, who helped to repair the wall of Jerusalem

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2341

חֲוִילָה

cha.vi.lah — Havilah

§ Havilah = "circle" a part of Eden through which flowed the river Pison (Araxes); was probably the Grecian Colchis, in the northeast corner of Asia Minor, near the Caspian Sea

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H780

אֲרָרַט

a.ra.rat — Ararat

§ Ararat = "the curse reversed: precipitation of curse" a mountainous region of eastern Armenia, between the river Araxes and the lakes Van and Oroomiah, the site where Noah's ark came to rest

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H2870

טָֽבְאֵל

ta.ve.el — Tabeel

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.4.7 § Tabeal = "God is good" an officer of the Persian government in Samaria in the reign of Artaxerxes

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H4990

מִתְרְדָת

mit.re.dat — Mithredath

A man living at the time of Exile and Return, only mentioned at Ezr.1.8 § Mithredath = "given by Mithra" 1) treasurer of king Cyrus of Persia 2) a Persian officer stationed at Samaria in the time of Artaxerxes

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GREEK · G2991

λαξευτός

laxeutos — engraved

λαξευτός, -ή, όν (λαξεύω; λᾶς, a stone, ξέω, to scrape), [in LXX: Deu.4:49 (פִּסְגָּה); in Aq.: Num.21:20; Th.: Jdg.7:11 * ;] hewn (in stone); Luk.23:53 (elsewhere κοινή writers use λατομητός, 4Ki.12:12, al.; cf. λατομέω).† (AS)

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GREEK · G3935

παρίημι

pariēmi — to neglect

παρ-ίημι [in LXX: Jer.4:31 (פָּרַשׂ pi.), etc. ;] 1. to pass by or over, let alone, disregard: Luk.11:42. 2. to relax, loosen; pass., to be relaxed, weakened, exhausted: παρειμένας χεῖρας, Heb.12:12 (LXX ἀνειμ-).† (AS)

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GREEK · G3990

πελεκίζω

pelekizō — to behead

πελεκίζω (πέλεκυς, a battle-axe), to out off with an axe, esp. to behead: with accusative, Rev.20:4 (Polyb., al.).† (AS)

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GREEK · G6768

γραφίς

graphis — a pen

1. a stile for writing on waxen tablets, (Plato Philosophus), etc.: a needle for embroidering , [variant datesAnthology Palantina 2. embroidery , [variant datesAnthology Palantina (ML)

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Historical dictionary entry

Used in the Authorized Version of Deut. 19:5; 20:19; 1 Kings 6:7, as the translation of a Hebrew word which means “chopping.” It was used for felling trees (Isa. 10:34) and hewing timber for building. It is the rendering of a different word in Judg. 9:48, 1 Sam. 13:20, 21, Ps. 74:5, which refers to its sharpness. In 2 Kings 6:5 it is the translation of a word used with reference to its being made of iron. In Isa. 44:12 the Revised Version renders by “axe” the Hebrew maatsad, which means a “hewing” instrument. In the Authorized Version it is rendered “tongs.” It is also used in Jer. 10:3, and rendered “axe.” The “battle-axe” (army of Medes and Persians) mentioned in Jer. 51:20 was probably, as noted in the margin of the Revised Version, a “maul” or heavy mace. In Ps. 74:6 the word so rendered means “feller.” (See the figurative expression in Matt. 3:10; Luke 3:9.)

Scripture references

Deuteronomy 19:5Deuteronomy 20:191 Kings 6:7Isaiah 10:34Judges 9:481 Samuel 13:201 Samuel 13:21Psalms 74:52 Kings 6:5Isaiah 44:12Jeremiah 10:3Jeremiah 51:20Psalms 74:6Matthew 3:10Luke 3:9

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.

Compare other reference traditions

Look up Axe in Smith’s Bible Dictionary and ISBE →