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Naked

Original Hebrew / Aramaic / Greek connected to this term

How to read this: there is rarely one magic “true meaning” hidden behind an English word. A lexicon records a word’s semantic range. The intended meaning is narrowed by grammar, sentence, author, historical usage and context.

GREEK · G1131

γυμνός

gumnos — naked

γυμνός, -ή, -όν, [in LXX chiefly for עָרוֹם ;] naked, without clothing, and sometimes (as frequently in cl.) scantily or poorly clad (Isa.20:2ff., Tob.1:16, 2Ma.11:12): Mat.25:36, 38 43, 44, Mrk.14:52, Jhn.21:7, Act.19:16, Jas.2:15, Rev.3:17 16:15, 17:16; as subst., to γ., the naked body, Mrk.14:51. Metaphorical, of things exposed, Heb.4:13; of the soul without a body (Plat., Crat., with, 20, and cf. Deiss., LAE, 293), 2Co.5:3; of seed, bare, 1Co.15:37 (Cremer, 168).† (AS)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H6172

עֶרְוָה

er.vah — nakedness

1) nakedness, nudity, shame, pudenda 1a) pudenda (implying shameful exposure) 1b) nakedness of a thing, indecency, improper behaviour 1c) exposed, undefended (fig.) Aramaic equivalent: ar.vah (עַרְוָה "dishonor" H6173)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H6168

עָרָה

a.rah — to uncover

1) to be bare, be nude, uncover, leave destitute, discover, empty, raze, pour out 1a) (Piel) 1a1) to bare, lay bare 1a2) to lay bare by emptying, empty 1a3) to pour out 1b) (Hiphil) 1b1) to make naked, strip bare (of sexual offences) 1b2) to pour out 1c) (Niphal) to be poured out, be exposed 1d) (Hithpael) 1d1) to expose oneself, make oneself naked 1d2) pouring oneself, spreading oneself (participle)

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GREEK · G1128

γυμνάζω

gumnazō — to train

γυμνάζω (γυμνός), [in LXX: 2Ma.10:15 * ;] 1. properly, to exercise naked. 2. Generally, to exercise, train the body or mind: 1Ti.4:7, Heb.5:14 12:11, 2Pe.2:14. † (AS)

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GREEK · G1132

γυμνότης

gumnotēs — nakedness

γυμνότης, -ητος, ἡ (γυμνός), [in LXX for עֵירֹם, Deu.28:48 * ;] nakedness: Rom.8:35, 2Co.11:27, Rev.3:18.† (AS)

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GREEK · G808

ἀσχημοσύνη

aschēmosunē — indecency

ἀσχημοσύνη, -ης, ή (ἀσχήμων), [in LXX chiefly for עֶרְוָה ;] unseemliness: Rom.1:27 (MM, see word); euphemism for ἡ αἰσχύνη, as frequently in LXX, shame, nakedness: Rev.16:15.† (AS)

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GREEK · G1130

γυμνητεύω, γυμνιτεύω

gumnēteuō, gumniteuō — be naked

γυμνιτεύω (Rec. γυμνητ-, V. Tdf ., Pr., 81), to be naked or scantily clad: 1Co.4:11 (cf. ἐν ψύχει κ. γυμνότητι), 2Co.11:27; γυμνοί, Jas.2:15. In κοινή writers, γ. also means to go light-armed.† (AS)

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HEBREW / ARAMAIC · H4626

מַעַר

ma.ar — nakedness

1) bare, naked place, nakedness 1a) bare place 1b) nakedness, pudenda (exposed in punishment)

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GREEK · G6772

γυμνόω

gumnoō — be naked

to strip naked , (Sophocles Tragicus); τὰ ὀστέα τῶν κρεῶν γ. to strip the bones of their flesh, (Herdotus Historicus):—;in Pass., of warriors, to be left naked or exposed , (Homer); so, τεῖχος ἐγυμνώθη the wall was left bare , i. e. defenceless , (Iliad by Homer): but also to strip oneself naked or to be stript naked , (Odyssey by Homer); with genitive, ἐγυμνώθη ῥακέων he stript himself of his rags, (Odyssey by Homer); so later, γυμνωθὲν ξίφος (Herdotus Historicus) (ML)

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GREEK · G6773

γύμνωσις

gumnōsis — nakedness

1. a stripping . 2. nakedness : ἐξαλλάσσειν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γ. his defenceless side (compare γυμνός 2), (Thucydides) (ML)

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GREEK · G8536

ὁπλίτης

hoplitēs — armed with a large shield

1. heavy-armed, armed , δρόμος ὁπλ. a race of men in armour , opposite to the naked race, (Pindar); ὁπλ. στρατός an armed host, (Euripides); ὁπλ. κόσμος warrior- dress, armour, (Euripides) 2. as Substantive, a heavy-armed foot-soldier, man-at-arms , who carried a large shield ὅπλον); whence the name, as the light-armed foot-soldier πελταστής); had his from the light πέλτη, (Herdotus Historicus), attic; ὁπλῖται are opposite to ψιλοί, (Herdotus Historicus) (ML)

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GREEK · G9796

ψιλόω

psiloō — to make bear

1. to strip bare of hair, (Herdotus Historicus):—; Pass. to become bald , (Hesiod): generally, to be laid bare , (Xenophon Historicus) 2. with genitive to strip bare of, to strip of a thing, (Herdotus Historicus) 3. generally, to leave naked, unarmed or defenceless , (Thucydides) 4. Pass. also of things, to be stripped off something, τὰ κρέα ἐψιλωμένα τῶν ὀστέων (Herdotus Historicus) (ML)

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Historical dictionary entry

This word denotes (1) absolute nakedness (Gen. 2:25; Job 1:21; Eccl. 5:15; Micah 1:8; Amos 2:16); (2) being poorly clad (Isa. 58:7; James 2:15). It denotes also (3) the state of one who has laid aside his loose outer garment (Lat. nudus), and appears clothed only in a long tunic or under robe worn next the skin (1 Sam. 19:24; Isa. 47:3; comp. Mark 14:52; John 21:7). It is used figuratively, meaning “being discovered” or “made manifest” (Job 26:6; Heb. 4:13). In Ex. 32:25 the expression “the people were naked” (A.V.) is more correctly rendered in the Revised Version “the people were broken loose”, i.e., had fallen into a state of lawlessness and insubordination. In 2 Chr. 28:19 the words “he made Judah naked” (A.V.), but Revised Version “he had dealt wantonly in Judah,” mean “he had permitted Judah to break loose from all the restraints of religion.”

Scripture references

Source: Easton’s Bible Dictionary (1897). Historical dictionary wording reflects the scholarship and language of its era.

Compare other reference traditions

Look up Naked in Smith’s Bible Dictionary and ISBE →