PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
Gnomon of the New Testament — Volume 1
Bengel, Johann Albrecht, 1687-1752 · 248,436 words · 558 reading sections
374 St Matthew Xx. 23-25.
able) They did not even know sufficiently what they were an swering ; the Lord, however, bears with them, arid accepts their confession ;J cf. ch. xxvi. 39, 37. 23. Tb JAM Korqpiov, x.r.A., the cup indeed, etc.) This, together with the parallel passages, has been treated with singular in dustry by Thomas Gataker i…
437 wordsSECTION 362St Matthew Xx. 26, 27. :375
guishes between the legitimate use and frequent abuse of autho rity. — 01 psydXoi, they that are great) sc. ministers of state, who are often more imperious than their lords. 26. Ou^ o'jrug ds iffTai sv u/ttv, but it shall not be so among you) " It appears to me not at all natural to suppose that all use and exerc…
412 wordsSECTION 363376 St Matthew Xx. 29-34.
28. "tl<s<irip, x.r.X., even as, etc.) The greatest example which could be adduced or imagined. — &ajcot<jj<ra/, to minister, to serve) See Rom. xv. 8. — *«/', x.r.X., and, etc.) An ascending climax. — rr\v -^v^v Avrov, His soul) i.e. Himself ; see Gal. i. 4, ii. 20. — Xvrpov, a ransom. — O.VTI TroXXwc, for many) A…
377 wordsSECTION 364Chapter Xxl
1. Ka/' OTS, x.r.A., and when, etc.) From this point forward, the actions and contests of our Lord are described by the several Evangelists with great fulness and agreement. — sis ' IspoffoXvpa, to Jerusalem) which they were about to enter. — roVs, X.T.X., then, etc.) not before. It is clearly intimated, that the e…
389 wordsSECTION 365378 St Matthew Xxi. 5.
many words. — * acrornXXs/, he sends)* The present tense is used because the event was sure and speedy, as they were already prepared to send it : cf. Mark iv. 29, wd'sus avoffri-XXei ™ fye- KO.VOV, immediately lie sendeth the sickle. — See ibid. xi. 6, -x.a.1 aprixav avrous, and they let them go. 5. E/Vars, x.r.X…
690 wordsSECTION 366378 St Matthew Xxi. 5.
6. Ka/ Koifjffavrts, and ivhen they had done. 1. 'Ex-sxatiicKv.* He sat upon) becomingly ; His disciples at tending on Him ;5 see Luke xix. 35. The Persian kings were rather placed by others, than themselves got on horseback. See Brisson. — i-ravu avruv, on them) though, strictly speaking, on the foal ; see Mark x…
302 wordsSECTION 367380 St Matthew Xxi. 9.
9.1 'naawa, Hosanna) ie. W nytnn, Save, I pray. The LXX. render Psalm cxviii. (cxvii.) 25 — <5 Kif £ trScrov 6^ u Kvpis tvoou- eov dq, — 0 Lord, do save : 0 Lord, do give prosperity. The words, 'iriaovc, (Jesus) in ver. 11, VBHJ (having salvation) in Zechariah ix. 9, and utawa in the present verse, are all cognate …
500 wordsSECTION 368St Matthew Xxi. 10-12. 381
g, in the highest) Succour [us], O Thou who art in the highest. 10. Atyouffa, saying) sc. from amazement. — r/$, x.r.X., who ? etc.) The chief personage is not immediately seen in a large concourse ; nor had the Jews been accustomed to see Jesus journeying except on foot. 11. 'O Tfop7jr»js, the Prophet) Jesus was…
481 wordsSECTION 369382 St Matthew Xxi. 13-16.
13. 'O oiKog Moi> o/'xog irpofftvyris xXrftrifffrar u/ig/g ds avrbv ti }.r,gruv, My house shall be called (a or the) house of prayer ; but ye have made it a den of thieves. — The LXX., in Isaiah Ivi. 7, have — 6 yap WKOC, Mou, oJx.o$ vposiu^g xXr^^atrat -raff/ roTg &M0ty JWy house shall be called (a or £/ie) house …
488 wordsSECTION 370St Matthew Xxi. 17-10. 383
17. Aurous, them) Whose perversity has just been mentioned. 18. 'Efl-g/vatfe, He hungered) though He was the King of Glory , see ver. 5. Wondrous humiliation ! 19. 2ux5jK /A/«v, a certain fig-tree) the only one in that place. — qX^sv, He came) sc. as the road led by it. The fig-tree appears to have stood in a plac…
453 wordsSECTION 371384 St Matthew Xxi. 21-24.
let no fruit grow on thee henceforward for ever) The Old Testament contains many miracles of vengeance : the evan gelical history, at its close, this almost alone ; cf. Gnomon on ch. viii. 32. — xap^oc, fruit) And therefore it was not to receive any more sap in vain. Such was the punishment of the Jews ; see Luke …
425 wordsSECTION 372St Matthew Xxi. 25-27. 385
Mosheim rightly observes, " Those expositors are mistaken, who imagine that Christ had no other object in this question than to silence His adversaries." — Oration on Christ the only model for the imitation of Theologians, p. 17. — eva, one) and that too con nected with your own question ; one, after you have asked…
416 wordsSECTION 37338G St Matthew Xxi. 28-32.
that authority; see ch. xxii. 43. He had often told them before. 28. 1 TsKva dvo, two sons) A specimen of two classes.2 — irpoff- fASa/i', having come to) sc. kindly. — rS> vpuruj, the first) who went before the other ; see ver. 31 [" Go into the kingdom of God before you]. 30. Tw tr'tpw, the other) Who, in a dif…
504 wordsSECTION 374St Matthew Xxi. 33, 34. 387
i, publicans} who were unjust. — ai topua/, the harlots} who were unchaste. — It may be asked whether these, and conse quently women in general, and also infants, were baptized by John : cf. Acts xvi. 15. — ov psrs/AtXfoqre, did not alter your way of thinking.1 — uenpov^afterwards) when you had seen their example. …
497 wordsSECTION 375388 St Matthew Xxi. 35, 36.
fruits) understand, of the householder, or rather, of the vine yard. 35. "E<§£/pav, they beat) The LXX. generally put sxdp'tu, to skin off, only once d'tpca, to skin, for the Hebrew D£>3 in the sense of to flay. They never use the verb otherwise. The Old Vocabu lary renders the Latin " excorio" (to skin) by the Gr…
425 wordsSECTION 376St Matthew Xxi. 37-42. 389
37. "Tarspov, last of all) Cf. Hebrews i. 1. — hrpa.--rlso^ai> they will reverence) i.e. they were in duty bound to do so. 38. OUT-OS hriv 6 KXjjpovo/ioc, this is the Heir) They might have known Him to be the Heir, and yet they opposed His right. — fours, aKojirtivupiv A.-JTOV, come) let us kill Him) Thus the LXX. …
449 wordsSECTION 377390 St Matthew Xxi. 43-45.
particularly well known. See Gnomon on ver. 9 (comp. ch. xxvi. 30). — aT£5ox/>a<rav, rejected) They did not consider Him as even a fit stone or worthy member of the Church at all. — napa Kvpiou syevsro, is the Lord's doing) This is known to be the case, from the importance of the matter, and the disagreement of the…
451 wordsSECTION 378Chapter Xxii.
1. ' Atfoxpideig, answering) Not only he who has been questioned, but he also to whom a reason for speaking has been given, may rightly be said to answer. — -raX/i/, again) construe this word with sv KapaiSohaig, in parables, i.e. with the design of putting forth more. 3. Ka?Jffa/ robs xsxT^aii/oi/s, to call those…
418 wordsSECTION 379392 St Matthew Xxii. «-S.
to have understood (see Acts vii. 25), and to have watched.— avrjXdov, they departed) leaving even the city, which was there fore burnt ; see ver. 7. He who does not answer the call, loses even those advantages which he previously had possessed. — rbv 'ibiov — a-iroS, Ids own — his) Egoism.1 — ayplv — IpKopiav, fie…
487 wordsSECTION 380St Matthew Xxii. 9-14. 393
and refused by him : by doing which lie betrays himself. The past tense, were not worthy, is used to show that the opportunity of the unworthy has passed away. 9. Tag dit%6do<j$, the cross ways) It would be pleasant to see a map of the journeys of all the apostles through the world, like that of St Paul's Voyages …
442 wordsSECTION 381394 St Matthew Xxii. 15-20.
remark in His own person to the conclusion of the king's speech. Cf or/, x.r.X., for, etc., in Luke xvi. 8. — yap, x.r.X., for, etc.) This general sentiment is a proof, that this man with out a wedding garment, and all who are like him, will be cast forth. 15. Ton wopivdzvrtc oi <&apiffaToi, x.r.X., then went the …
397 wordsSECTION 382St Matthew Xxii. 21-25. 395
21. 'Axodors, render) sc. as it is just. — olv, therefore) In these days the coins of one country are used promiscuously in others, as happens with French money in Germany ; but none except Roman money appears to have been current at that time in Judea. But if the Jews had not been subject to Caesar, they were not…
441 wordsSECTION 383396 St Matthew Xxii. 28, 30.
circumstance, rare, and perhaps long since canvassed,1 which might have been nearly as well raised from the case of any woman who had married more than one husband. The main- tainers of errors frequently seek for a colour for them from things which are little or nothing to the point. 28. T/Vos, whose) She will, sa…
418 wordsSECTION 384St Matthew Xxii. 31, 32. 307
meat and drink, etc. Elsewhere it is said that those who obtain the life to come, will be like God : but, since God has one Son and many sons, in this passage, where there is question concerning begetting, it is said that they will be as angels ; and simultaneously the existence of angels also is defended against …
458 wordsSECTION 385398 St Matthew Xxii. 32.
tained that promise. For it is not said wealth, long life, secu rity, or, in short, the world is thine, but, God is thine : nor is it said God is thine for fifty, an hundred, or seven hundred years, but simply God is thine. When, therefore, God first declared Himself to Abraham to be his God, He conferred, and was …
437 wordsSECTION 386St Matthew Xxii. 35. 399
ing the promise to them, even in the persons of their descend ants, which was a proof that these patriarchs had not in their own lifetime themselves obtained the promises. And tlms, as we are told in Luke xx. 37, EVEN, KAI, Moses showed the resur rection of the dead, even Moses, not only the prophets, in pre feren…
517 wordsSECTION 387400 St Matthew Xxii. 37, 38.
a scribe, in Luke xi. 45, 44, 53 ; and diddgKa.7.o:, a doctor of the law, in Luke v. 17, 21. 37. 'Ayairqgeig, x.r.X., thou shalt love, etc.) Moses repeats this in Dent. vi. 8, from the Decalogue in Ib. v. 10 ; and it is frequently repeated in the same book, of which it is the sum, the last time with a most solemn …
470 wordsSECTION 388St Matthew Xxii. 39-42. 401
39. AtuTipa, second) Corresponding with T^WTJ;, first. — o/^o/'a, like) sc. of that same character as contrasted with sacrifice ; see Mark xii. 33. The love of our neighbour resembles the love of God more than all the other duties, just as the moon resembles the sun more than the stars do : see Gen. i. The lawyer …
420 wordsSECTION 389402 St Matthew Xxii. 43, 14.
ten (scriptum eat}, as of an important matter ; that you may see that the Gospel is as much to be sought for in the Scriptures (Scripturis) as the Law is.1 — i//o,?i/ 5oxs/, seems to you) [i.e. is your opinion]. Jesus employs the word doxi?2 (seems) with greater right towards the Pharisees than they had done to Him…
471 wordsSECTION 390Chapter Xxiii.
resigns the command which he held during the war, when the enemy has been conquered) ; the peaceful kingdom, however, will have no end. Cf. 1 Cor. xv. 25, etc. Even before that, the Son was subordinate to the Father, but did not then appear so, on account of the glory of His kingdom : even after that, He will reig…
371 wordsSECTION 391404 St Matthew Xx1I1. 4-8.
soever they bid you observe" so that the people should not think that they were bound to observe the traditions of the Pharisees equally with the law of Moses ;l see ver. 4. — rqpfTre, observe} sc. mentally.2 — TO/E/TE, do) sc. actually. An imperative correspond ed with by the other which follows. — Xi/oucv, they s…
441 wordsSECTION 392St Matthew Xxiii. 9-11. 403
found in ver. 10 ; in the present instance; however, it is our Heavenly Father who is spoken of; cf. ch. xvi. 17; John vi. 45 ; Acts x. 28 ; Gal. i. 1, 15 ; Eph. i. 9 ; Ps. xxv. 12, xxxii. 8. Therefore our Lord adds, but all ye are brethren, which principle applies also to the ninth verse, that we should neither ou…
499 wordsSECTION 393406 St Matthew Xxiii. 12, 13.
be the greatest (corresponding with the Hebrew 2"i'); cf. ch. xx. 26. 12. "Offng ds u-^uffti iavrbv, x.r.X., but whosoever shall exalt him self, etc.) In the S. V. of Ezek. xxi. 26, we read sraweivuffag TO u-v^jjXii/, not, i v-tyugas TO ravfivov, Thou hast humbled that which is exalted, and exalted that which is h…
676 wordsSECTION 394406 St Matthew Xxiii. 12, 13.
14. Kareffdhn, x.r.X., ye devour, etc.) The extreme of avarice. To devour widows' houses3 is the most atrocious species, which is put for the whole class of rapacious actions. — x«/, even) — /y,a-/.pa} long) The word has here the force of an adverb.4 Some MSS. also read suitably enough, paipa, in which case it must…
666 wordsSECTION 395406 St Matthew Xxiii. 12, 13.
1 E. V. " Worthy to be beaten."— (I. B.) 2 Which he adopts from his teachers, independently of and exceeding his heathen corruptions, which he has not laid aside. — V. g. 3 E. V. " It is nothing." — (I. B.) * On this word Bengel, in his Apparatus Criticus, has the remark : — " snw Hebr. ex Lat.," sc. mentha ; from…
530 wordsSECTION 396410 St Matthew Xxiii. 25-27.
such being far from our Lord's intention : for no one can safely swallow a gnat, which may choke him. A beam is the worse of the two, and yet a chip1 is not disregarded, even in the hand, much more in the eye. See ch. vii. 5. The noun x.ojvu-^ is a word of common gender, and signifies a gnat, properly one be longi…
466 wordsSECTION 397St Matthew Xxiii. 28-34. 411
whited) The Jews used to whiten their sepulchres with chalk. 28. 'Avoftias, unrighteousness) This is strictly opposed to righteousness. 29. l "Or; oixodo/AtTre — ruv fftfjntt — -/.off/j,s?Tt — TUV dixaiuv, because ye build — of the prophets — and garnish — of the righteous) (see ver 35). This was all that they di…
424 wordsSECTION 398412 St Matthew Xxiii. 34.
ful resemblance. In 2 Es. i. 30, we read, " 7 gathered yon together as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings :" in ver. 32, " / sent unto you My servants the prophets, whom ye have taken and slain, and torn their bodies in pieces, whose blood I ivill require of your hands, saith the Lord :" in ver. 33, " Th…
420 wordsSECTION 399St Matthew Xxiii. 35. 413
phets and wise men, as Ezra did. In these last the character is for the most part acquired ; in wise men, innate ; in prophets, inspired.1 Therefore the world hates and despises prophets most, wise men much, scribes less, yet not little. — a-Toxrsvs/rs, ye shall kill) as James [the son of Zebedee]. — araupuffsTt, y…
497 wordsSECTION 400414 St Matthew Xxiii. 36-38.
in the Temple : in the Temple especial vengeance was to be executed hereafter. 36. Asyu, I say) sc. again. Cf. Gen. xli. 32. — %%nf shall come) i.e. as far as the beginnings of vengeance are concerned ; for its consummation extends far further ; see ver. 39. — -ramx, x.r.X, all, etc.) He who commits a sin becomes …
407 wordsSECTION 401St Matthew Xxiii. 39. 415
employed with a particular reference.1 Thus the Forum is said to be tprifLov, when no judicial proceedings are being carried on in it. 39. Aeyu, I say) See Gnomon on Luke xiii. 35. — /3?jr£, ye shall see) sc. you, inhabitants of Jerusalem. Cf. Luke xiii. 35. — an apTij from the present time2) The short interval pr…
391 wordsSECTION 402Chapter Xxiv.
1. Ka/ s^sXduv o 'lrtaoiig avb rou hpou, etfopeuero, and Jesus having come forth from the temple, went His way) Such is the reading of the Colinaean editions, and of the following MSS., viz. : Bunkleanus, Cantabrigiensis, Paris, 5, 6, Stephanus r, or more ; also of Chrysostom, and the .ZEthiopic,1 Arabic, Latin, P…
372 wordsSECTION 403St Matthew Xxiv. 3, 4. 417
X.T.X., £Ae?'g shall not be left, etc.) Jesus makes the curious thoughts of His disciples give place to more serious considera tions. — X/0oj, x.r.X., a stone, etc.) A proverbial expression imply ing the utmost devastation. Even the very soil on which it stood was ploughed up. 3. 'ET/ roit opov;, on the mountain')…
444 wordsSECTION 404418 St Matthew Xxiv7. 5, 6.
5. noXXfl/ yap, K.T.lf.., for many, etc.) In the beginning will come false Christs ; in the middle, false prophets, ver. 1 1 ; in the end, both (22, 24). A twofold climax.1 — sir! rp ovo/tari Moy, in My name) They will not only say that they have been sent by Me, but that they are He who I am. — /Jyoms, lyw tlpi o …
444 wordsSECTION 405St Matthew Xxiv. 7-12. 419
see ver. 15 and 18 ; Luke xxi. 20, 21. The beginning is only mentioned in ver. 8. 7. 'Eyipdqfftrui, shall be roused) sc. after a period of greater peace. — sdvo;, X.T.X., nation, etc.) even beyond the limits of Judea. — A//AO/, KOI,) hotpot, no.) ffziff/Aoi, famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes) Almost all ma…
383 wordsSECTION 406420 St Matthew Xxiv. 13-15.
hard, they rejoice in losing their offspring or having none. Love is the ornament and very life of Christians, and of their whole condition and conduct, Phil. i. 9 ; 2 Pet. i. 7 ; Rev. ii. 4. It is also the foundation of that vvopovq, patience or endurance, mentioned in the next verse. — r£» ToXXSv, of the many) i.…
431 wordsSECTION 407St Matthew Xxiv. 15. 421
xi. 32—34 l with reference to Daniel's being a prophet, although by many of the Jews he was not considered as one of the prophets. A slight cause may frequently produce an important error. In the Latin Bibles, the apocryphal writings were long aero mixed with the canonical books according to the connection & tJ o…
455 wordsSECTION 4084.22 St Matthew Xxiv. 15.
the Holy City ; in short, that very place which our Lord (as He had often done) regarded as made holy by His presence, whilst He was uttering these words : cf. Acts vii. 33. We learn certainly from Josephus, that the principal strength of the besieging army was upon the Mount of Olives : " They were commanded," sa…
416 wordsSECTION 409St Matthew Xxiv. 16-20. 423
or of the Evangelist, especially when the siege was approaching. All ought to understand : and, since they were commanded to pray that their flight might not take place on the Sabbath day, why should the Sabbath reader be warned more than others ? 16. TOTS, then) This answers to von, when, in ver. 3. The word "the…
420 wordsSECTION 410421 St Matthew Xxiv. 21-23.
spring ; cf. ver. 18 concerning the field. — 2a/S/3«rw, on the Sab bath day) Not because it would have been unlawful to flee or carry burdens on the Sabbath day, especially for Christians, but because it is peculiarly miserable on that day, which is given to joy, to break off the rites of religious worship and flee…
436 wordsSECTION 411St Matthew Xxiv, 23-28. 425
e, do not believe) For from that time forth the Son of Man will not be seen until His Advent. His coming to judg ment, therefore, is mentioned incidentally in ver. 27, and pro fessedly in ver. 29,1 30. — ude, here) sc. where any one is who calls himself the Messiah. 24. 2?j,tts/a xa/ rspara, signs and prodigies) S…
457 wordsSECTION 412426 St Matthew Xxiv. 29.
by war. The carcase, therefore, must be carnal Judaism, de void of that life by which the body of Christ is sustained, and yet boasting some appearance of a body, upon which, as upon a carcase left to them, the eagles will pounce greedily and in great numbers. — ^auva^d^sovrai, will lie gathered together — the futu…
449 wordsSECTION 413St Matthew Xxiv. 29. 427
The Engl. Vers. has " immediately" You will say, it is a great leap from the destruction of Jerusalem to the end of the world, which is represented as coming quickly after it. I reply — A prophecy resembles a landscape painting, which marks distinctly the houses, paths, and bridges in the foreground, but brings to…
420 wordsSECTION 414428 St Matthew Xxiv. 29.
2 Sc. =•••? on the day that.— (I. 15.) occurs in Gen. ii. 17 ; in the day on which thou shah eat thereof, it will come to pass that thou shalt die the death ; see also Gno mon on ch. xxvi. 64, and Luke i. 48. The expression may also be referred to the mode of speech, so as to mean after that afflic tion (which the…
453 wordsSECTION 415St Matthew Xxiv. T.O. 429
o\j duiott rb peyyos ai/rJjj, the moon shall not give her light) sc. as she is wont to do both when filling and waning. According to the course of nature, the sun and moon are eclipsed at different times : then, however, they will both be eclipsed at once. — «TO ro\j ovpavov, from heaven) It is not said upon the ea…
474 wordsSECTION 416430 St Matthew Xxiv. 31-33.
triumphal train of the Son of man coming in His glory, who is Himself to be beheld presently after, as this passage tells us.- ai puXa/, the tribes} especially of Israel. — o-^ovrai, shall see) Cf. Numb. xxiv. 17. — SKI ruv v-fpgXwi/, on the clouds) St Luke says, If vefs^r,, on a cloud) He will be attended by many …
419 wordsSECTION 417St Matthew Xxiv. 33 431
its emphasis being declared by the verb p«r/£»j (lighteth, Lat. illuminet. (2.) John xiv. 2. 3, vopsvoftai srQtfj,daai TOIION v/j^Tv. xa? lav mftvQSi xai trot/Arista *TMIN TO-TTOV, x.r.X. / go to prepare A PLACE for you, and if I go and prepare FOR YOU a place, etc. Here the apparent contradiction is removed by the…
464 wordsSECTION 418432 St Matthew Xxiv. 34.
follow them indicated by the signs, are distinct from each other), but to the beginnings, which are compared with the fig-tree, in contradistinction to the summer itself, i.e. the approaching king dom of God. Those things having been fulfilled which are described from ver. 4 to ver. 28, room wras made for the king …
365 wordsSECTION 419St Matthew Xxiv. 35 -?,<>. 433
2 Various things [agreeing with our Lord's prophecy] can be brought for ward from the writers of the Talmud, which are reported by them to have hap pened in the forty years before the destruction of the temple and the city, and which thus, with sufficient accuracy, harmonise with the history of the Passion. — Harm,…
471 wordsSECTION 420434 St Matthew Xxiv. 40-43.
40. ! 41 . napaXa/AfSavsTai, is taken2) sc. into safety, under pro tection ; see ver. 31. — aplsrai, is left) sc. in the midst of the dangers, whatever may occur.3 The present tense is used with reference to the time of the ron, then ; and the matter was al ready present to the Saviour's eyes. 41. ' AXJ}6ov<rai} g…
655 wordsSource & rights
Public domain historical edition (1857-1858); scan/OCR from Internet Archive.
Project Gutenberg source record →
Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.