PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
The Pulpit Commentary — Colossians
George Gillanders Findlay [1849-1919] · 232,046 words · 247 reading sections
The Pulpit Commentary — Colossians — Section 1
THE PULPIT COMMENTARY, IIDTTEn llY THE VERY REV. H; D. M. SPENCE, D.D., DEAN Olf GLOUCESTER; AND BY THE REV. JOSEPH S. EXELL, M.A. COLO S SI ANS. C$xposition anlJ ~omiletics BY REV. G. G. FINDLAY, B . .A.., TOTOB IN BIBLICAL LANGUAGES, HEADINGLEY COLLEGE. ~omilies b~ 'Various autbors. REV. PROF. T. CROSKERY…
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The Churches of the Lycns were not founded by St. Paul himself. Twice he had traversed Phrygia,-in his second missionary tour &om the Lycao- nian cities through Galatia to Troas (Acts xvi. 4-8), and in his third from Galat-ia to Ephesus (Acts xviii. 23; xix. 1). Ilnt his direct route, on both journeys, would take him t…
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§ 4. TnE CoLossJL"f HERESY. '.!.'here was no intrinsic importance attaching to Colossre itself or arising out of its relation to the future progress of the gospel, as in the case of Corinth or Rome ; nor had the Colossian Church any such peculiar claims on the apostle as he recognizes in writing to the Philippians or …
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Essenes," sco Lightfoot'e dissertation (' Commenlary,' pp. 3-10-419; also pp. 82-95).1 It is imp01:tnnt to note that in the Greek world there had been going on for some time an extensive revival of the Orphic and Pythagorean mystic doctrines, which might ho described as a pagan Essenism. The marvel!= career of Apollon…
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§ 5. CIIARACTER OF TIIE EPISTLE. The novel character of the Colossian heresy accounts in great part for the number of new and peculiar words, occurring especially in the polemic part of tho Epislle. 1 The obscure and seemingly embarrassed style of some passages in the second chapter, with the absence of Old Teatament …
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§ 6. COLOSSIANS AND EPTIESIAN!!, With the doctrine of the person of Christ, that of the Ohwrch advances to its completion. For it is "his body, the folness of him that filleth all in all" (Eph. i. 23). The Church is the recipient of his fulness, its organic expression and embodiment. The more complete and all-embracin…
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o.ble, of tho Ephesian and Roman Epistles, and of St. Paul's earlier writings generally; but not, o.s we think, of the Pastoral Epistles, nor of Philippi ans. This dependence of 1 Peter on the Pauline Epistles presents e. curious and interesting problem. The key to its solution may probably be found, in part, in the r…
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I. Tho introduction, with its salutation, opening thanksgidng, and prayer (eh. i. 1-14). 2. 'rho £undo.mental doctrinal statement of tho Epistle, concerning the redeerning Son and his kingdom (eh i. 15-23). 3 and 4. A parenthesis by way of personal explanation, respecting the apostle himself and his mis.Yion (eh. i. …
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our Lord 1eB1ll ~rist. We; '.l'inwth~ an~ I very essence of this faith and brotherhood, (comp. I These. 1. 2; 2 These. 1. 3; 2 Cor. 1. S. "Faith in Christ," "believe in Christ," in 4, eto.). The Revised Te:i.:tomits "and" be- 01;1r English Bible, oommonly represent n tween "C'..-od" and" Father," following Laoh- dif…
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oven aa tho "seo.l of tho Spirit" (Eph. i. implying iaheront energy) precedes grow- 14) o.nd the "pea.co of Christ in their ing-the first "describing the inner work- hearts" (oh. iii. 15; see nolo) o.ro to them- ing," the second" the outward extension of selves. Similo.rly, in Phil. i. 27, 28 and 2 the gospel" (Ligh…
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Cor. viii. 22 ; Phil. ii. 22). He puts hie seal course:" but this is forced, and doubtful in upon the ruinietry of Epaphrne, and vindi- point of ~rnmar). cntee it againet all questioning at home. Vere. 9-H:.-The opening prayer rises out •rextual evidence for "on our" or "your of the foregoing thanksgiving, ond leads…
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"Wisdom o.nd knowledge" (oh. H. 8), "anrl 111) the knowledge of God (eh. ii. 19; Eph. prudence" (~Jph. i. 8),ctc. For this Church iv. 13-16; 2 Pet. iii. 18; 1 Cor. iii. I, 2; the apostle asks spccio.lly the gift of under- xiv. 20; xvi. 13; Heb. v. 12-14). His own atanding or comprelienaion (comp. eh. ii. 2; nature b…
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Enu!mn!.', Meyer, Ellioott - "with joy Aots n. 82; Heb. ix. 15 ; 1 Pot, f. 4), la ginng thank&." et.o.). This paradox is used in the Old Testament (LXX) of tho genuinely Pauline, and arises from personal 11BCred land ns "divided by lot,'" and BI! experience (oomp. ver. 2-l; Phil. i. 29; Rom. "the lot" assigned to Is…
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nnd governing iden of thie Epietle, that of hnvc existed nt ColoeBlll in eome incipient !he aupreme wrdship nf Oltrist (vere. 15-20; form. Bot ench nn nbuse of the term seems oh. ii. 6, 10, 19, eto.); nnd this pneeage affords to imply a well-established nnrl familiar o. clue which will, we truet, guide ue through Chris…
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II. Ver. JS. (<!) And Ht1 is the Hood of the body, the Church: (a) 'Who i& (the) Beginning, Firstborn out of the dead th1<t in all things Ho might become pre-e;ninont: Yer. rn. (b) For in Him he WBB pleased thnt all the fulncss should dwell• Yer, 20. (d) And through Him to reconcile all things unto Him hnving made …
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him BS possible, he would, porhe.pe, he.ve most readily supposed to come into com- expressed himself differently. Some of the parison with that of the Son,-whether ee.rly oppononts of Arius ge.ve to 1rp"1'TOT01<os, thrones, or lordshipe, or principalities, or e.go.inst o.ll uso.ge, e.n e.cti vo sense-" First- dominions…
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c,mist<mt mth their existing /<>r God are loose: nnd if they hnppen to be con- (nhsnlutely and ultimntely); 1 Cor. iii. 23 eolidated anywhere, it is the Divine Word gi,·Ps the unity of the two ideas. by which they are tied fast. For it Is the Yer. 17.-And he ill before all things cement e.nd the baud of things, that…
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ta thinking here of the rellltive, histo:rical Ver. 19.-For in him he was pleaeed thnt beginning of "the kingdom of the Son" all the fulness should dwell (eh. ii. 9 ; Eph. (ver. 13), there of the o.bsolute beginning i. 10; John i. 14, 16; Acts ii. 36; Heb. of the Divine work of redemption (comp. vii. 25; Mo.tt. xxviii.…
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nnd Romana; 1Lnd the Mme Rnswer holds notes), This plenitude qualifies him 1111 good in e11<'h Mee, Tiz. that the Rpostle plenipotentiary in his work of reconciliation. ~P""ks ronoen11·ng Chri,•t a11d tM Church, Ver. 20.-And (was pleCLsed) through him and his thoughts mo"e within the circle of to reoonoile all thing…
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1' alienated and enemies in wicked works " the vast generalizations of yars. 15-20 t~ (vor. 21), who were under the dominion of the cloeest pereonal applir,ation of his theme tho enomy of God and his Obrist (vers. -from "all things in earth and heaven " t0 18, 14). It bogi?s as th~. peace of /IYrgi~.~- "you "(comp.E…
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nbidingly exolurled from "tho kingd~m of Oor. iv. 14; v. 10; Acts xvi!. 81): before Clirist and Goo " (Eph. v. 5), and mnmfeets "Christ" (ver. 19), who is" Judge" (John the radioaJ. antipathy of hie mind toward v. 22, 23) as well as " King" nnd "Re• God. "Yet [or, •but'] now:" comp. vor. deemer" (vers. 13, 14): this…
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x. 85, 86)-thnt whioh is its peculinr proporty Eph. i. 20-iii. 13. Here, howovor, the nnd glory, the crown of Christ's reclecmi □ g second of these topics has been mn.rlo quite work (ver. 22), tho encl of his servant's subordinate (vers. 21-23: comp. Eph. ii.). lnbours (ver. 28), for whicb, by anticipation, The thir…
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Chrut" in their mim'fltriu as distinguished well ne of joy. Aa tho Chureh'e mln1i1M, fram their ffl«liatorial aspect. (2) The latter he is bound to toil and to suffer in who.tevcr 91fflf'C is, however, put on the phrase by way her welfare requires. Elsewhere he Romanist divines, who quote the text in styles himself"…
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25, 26 ; xl. 25, 26, 83). The word "myetery '' strongly assertive finite verb in this e.lmoet pl11ys a large po.rt in Oolossie.ns e.nd Ephe- dise.ppee.re in English idiom : comp. vere. fi, sians. It occurs in 1 Corinthians, e.nd twice 6; Eph. i. 20-22 (Greek); anrl see Winer's in the Roman Epietle, written from Corinth…
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pr.:imi.ses lActs xi. 17). By " further and a qunlity of the apnstlo (so Meyer, quoting yd b0I,kr npJlOSition, this lll~'Erory of (}hrist 1 Cor. iii. 10), but objccliv(), tho qunlity of ifi (',,.l<>~-•fo11 belicrerg is mRdc, one with the the truth itself (cowp. eh. ii. 2, 2:-J ; iii. 16 ; bope of glory (,ers. 5, 23;…
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HOMILETICS. Vers. 1-14.-Sect.1. Introduction. I. 'fHE SALUTATION. 1. Paul and Timothy. (1) "Paul, apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God"-" not of men, nor by meu" (Gal. i. l; ii. 8; 1 Cor. xv. 9, 10; 1 Tim. ii. 7; Acts ix. 15), as every true minister of Christ is able to say, holding his office, not by his own se…
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neWI! indeed. So in the case of a child or friend; how much more in thnt of a whole communit_y ! W~at boundless and end_less pos~\bilities of good are implied in this single fact! It 1s the birth of true, eternal life (eh. 11. 12, 13; Rom, vi. 1-11 • John i. 12 • iii. 36; vi. 4i, Si; xvii. 3), the entrance into a fe…
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ledge can never be merely abstract, terminating in the intellect; for it is "knowledge of God's will." All its doctrines bear on practice; its principles of truth are laws of life; its teachings, commands, It concentrates reason, feeling, will, in the unity of a spiritual life, where each predominates in turn, and ever…
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He is "ajnst God and" Saviour." His power works on tho linos Inid down by his right<-'onsness. He would have destroyed rather than saved us would hnve violated the human conscience, had he (conceivably) saved us without forgiveness; or without a forgiveness rationally grounded on some act of propitiation. that shoul…
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ile chief Interpreter, the Mnster of poets and philosophers of n:iture who often o·.vo most to him when they nre least aware of it, ns well as of religious thinkers and sncial reformers. While we hold fast this faith in the "Image of God the invisible," the "Firstborn of all creation," we may witness science and philos…
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iv. 8-10; ii._ 5, ~; John xii. _32); em_ptying himself, he gains a new sovereign /ulness (,er. 19; Phil. 11. 8; Eph. 1v. 10; 1. 20-23) of all that the dark exiled broken miserable w_orld needs to ~tore it and build it up again (eh. ii. 9, io; Phii. iv. 19)'. 4. Round himself as the hvmg Oentre., he gathers a new ht1…
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and his experience, 1. The apostle styles himself (1) mini.,ter of the gospel (ver. 23 b), of the glad tidings of salvation for all men, from all sin, in Jesus Christ (Matt. i. 21; Luke i. 68-79; Acts v. 31; xiii. 38, 39, 47; 1 Tim. ii, 3-7; Titus ii. 11-14), "the gospel of the grace of God" (Acts xx. 24). It is this t…
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the r:~nl l~ncss 11nd ratience (2 Tim. ii. 24-20; 1 Thess. ii. 7), the sympathy Rnd 11da.p• th·eoess which the tl_l,11~,her's ~ork requires_(! Cor. ix. 20-22), "teaching publicly and from house to house,· . ke_epmg bnck 7:othmg that ~as _profitable," but everything thRt ""'~~ unprofitable ~l Tim n·. 6-8; vt. 3-5; ~ …
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HOMILIES BY VARIOUS AUTHORS. Vers. 3-8.-The apostle's thanksgiving for the spiritual progress of the Oolos,ia,ns. Notwithstanding the dangerous speculations of a Judreo-Gnostic philosophy which had sprung up at Colossre, threatening the integrity of their faith, the apostle is yet able to express his thankfulness for …
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the multitude of sins" (1 Pet. iv. 8). We are not to grieve our brother with our meat else "we walk not charitably" (Rom. xiv. 16). (d) Cherishing R forgiving spirit (Eph'. iv. 31). (2) The manner of this love. (a) it is to be brotherly. We are" to love the brotherhood" (1 Pet. ii. 22). (b) It is to be sincere. "Wit…
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preciousness lies in its truth. (1) It reveals to us the true mind or the Lord as to the way of salvation. "It is a true saying, and worthy of all acceptation" (I Tim. i. 12). (2) It exhibits to us Jesus Christ as the Truth, as" him that is true," as "the faithful and true Witness." (3) It reveals to us the gospel; for…
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with lo-.-ing reg1ml, that he may skC'n!Ithen his influence among the people of Colossm. He w0uld _thus be better b_eloved and more useful. (2) 'l'he commendation presents' Epaphrns m a twofold relation. (a) To the apostle himself (a.) as" our beloved fello\V- ser-.-ant.,'' working in the servioe of t.he sa.me Maste…
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touched with meekness and humility, 3. Tl1e measure., of this hnowled,7e. "That ye may be filled with the knowledge of his will." 'l'here is no limit assigner! to it. (1) We cannot rest with mere rudiments; we must be "filled with all knowledge" (Rom. xv. 14). (2) Thero will alwnys be something wanting in this life. "W…
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Ver. 12.-Divine mutness of the saints for their inheritance, "Giving thanks to the Father, who made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light." I. Tm; NATURE AND GLORY OF THE Th'HERITANCE. Whether we understand by it heaven or the blessings of the kingdom is immaterial, but the original sugge…
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Hie the darkness of death (Pa, lxxxviii. 12). (5) It is the darkness of hell-'' utto,r darkness." 2. It is darkness organized for the ruin of men. It is " the power of rlark- ncss "-an arbitrary, usurped power, and not "a true kingdom." The prince of dark- ness is at the heacl of this dreary realm and strives to kee…
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]I. Cm:r~T·s nF.T,ATION TO THE tTh,VF.RSE. He is "the Firstborn of nil creation," As his being God's Image implies his eternal uuity with God so his boing tho only b<-gottcn Son of God implies the distinctness of his Person. '11be apostle thus guards the tnith on one side against Arianism, on the other side against …
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is tho Deginning, the Firstborn from the dee.<l; that in all things he might have the pre-eminence," I. CoNBIDER WHAT 1B INVOLVED IN THIS HEADSfllP OF THE CHURmf. There is a real essential union of the Hend nncl the members. 1. (Jhrist is the Centre of the Church'., life. Ho is its Life. "Because I live ye shall live …
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Ver. 20.-.The reamciliation effeded by <Jhrist. "And, having made peace through the blood of tbe cross, by him to reconcile all things to himself." L Tm: NATURE OF THIS RECONCILIATION. 1. It implies a prior estrangement. Man "departed from the li\'ing God" (Heb. iii. 12). He is "alienated" from God (ver. 21). "The …
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A mere increaso of knowledge or blessedness on their part, or the confirmation of them in their heavenly obedience, can hardly be covered by the term "reconcilif\tion. n The word must be used in its ordinary sense. The apostle has described 01,rist's mediatoria.l function as twofold: ns exercised in the natural creatio…
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God not only accepts what is in any measure good (Luke i. 76), but highly esteems what is good in t.Jie saints (Luke i. 25; 2 Tim. ii. 2, 3; v. 4). IV. AN EXHORTATION TO PERSEVERANOE JN COID.'EOTION WITH THE PROVISION FOR THEIR RECONCILIATION. "If at 1811st ye continne in the faith !rl'Oundcd and steadfast and are …
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wns necessary to the snlvation of men, but left something to be suffered by member8 like the apostle as o. means contributory to their own salvation. Roman Catholics baec upon this passage their doctrine of supererogatory mel'it and indulgences. Some Pro- testant divines think this position is to be met by distingui…
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, ers. 2S, 29.-The manner in which tlu apostle discharged his divinely given trttSt. " 'Whom we proclaim, adruonisbing every man, and teaching every man in all wisdom; that we may present every man perfect in Christ: whcreunto I labour also, striving according to his working who worketh in me mightily." I. THE DUTY…
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Vers. 1-8.-The hope laid up in J,eaven. This Epi3tle, written from Rome to m~et and overmaster tlie "Colossian heresy," begins with a salutatiou somewhat similar to those at the beginning of other Epistles. There is the assertion of Paul's apostleship as direct from Christ; there is the statement of the brotherhood of …
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cession for their spiritual r,rogrt•s~. There is considernblc similarity between the intercession he makes for the Ephc-sinns (Eph. iii. 14-21) nud the intercession he here makes for t.he (',0lossians. In both he appeals to the Father that tho most intimo.te and loving relations may be est.ablished between the perso…
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of pntionce nnd long-sufl'~ring; they cannot get 11long without bearing a good deal from worldly people-sneers, rnsolence, persecution, and in extreme cases death. Yet the King strengthens his people with might according to his glorious power, so that they nre able "joyfully" to bear and suffer what is sent. It is here…
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18.) For not only has Christ been Creator, not only has he been and is the Preserver ?f the sy_stem, but he has also ?,Oen constih1~ Head of a. special class of beings, united rn what 1s called the Church. Many ot his creatures do not recognize either him or )1is relations to t.be universe. They a.et &s if he were n…
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roconcili11tion through 11tonement and indwelling. 1. We are reconciled to God by it. The Divine hatred to sin found fitUng outlet in the cross of Jesus, and in consequence Ohrist's Spirit comes and dwells in the believer as the Source and Fountain of a holy character. 'l'he inspired, Christ-inhabited soul becomes t…
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has n dislinrtivcly Panlino character. We cannot mistake its coming from tho writer of thC' E1•ist.le to the Ephesians. He hllS a relation to two personalities, who are yet one (Jesus being the Christ of God). (1) Bis relation to Christ. "An apostle of Christ Jesus." That gave him unquestionable authority in all mat…
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Vere. 3-8.-Pauline Soritcs. I. TrrAx1-:smv1xr., This forms a s11itable introduc- tion (in Ephesians tl10 apostle starts with a sublime but less pcrwnal doxology). 1. The facts of tl1anlcs_qivi11g, There may ho said to be two facts, but the other is subordinated to this (which accordingly is nssignecl the first place…
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the form of "tho Wor<l." Considering tho conditions of language and our el\rthly nC'cessitics, this form is perfect. "The Law of the Lord is porfoct." It is an abiding form. ThC're may be movements of thought away from" the Law and the testimony," but here always is the truth in the form in which God wishes us to ha…
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"Who is n faithful minister of Christ on our behalf." He repregented Christ in minis- tering the gospel nt Colossro; ancl testimony is borne to his having faithfully repre- sented him. lie bad not shrunk from declaring unto them the whole counsel of God. lie bml prrached unto them grace which, while free, bore good fru…
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Tiather a_rc our minds _like empty ~ssels that need to be filled. There is our capacity of kno,nng, o,·er agin_nst the_ Vl\.Stness of the knowable. 'l'his filling proce~s begine ~oon, nnd the prayer 1s that 1t may go on toward fulness. (b) It is a ,·equest for the tr°!'re~ive_ 1.-no_wledge of ~od's will. "OC his ·wi…
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boon characterized as progressive. The more we get into our minds of Di vino trnth, tho fuller our knowledge of Goel, tho richer will be the fruit which we produce. (8) It is a request for increased strength. "Strengthened with all power, according to the might of his glory, unto nll patience and long-suffering with…
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1.. t.. nut Wf' have t-l1c frcli11g of emancipation. We have the first and cbamcteristio hl<'ssin~ 0f rcd?~ptiL,n, viz. the forgiven_css of our sins. We fuel happy in the enjoy- 1~ient 01_ the Dmne fa:"our. A:nd that 1s only pa~t. of the redemption we have here, I· 0r, ns 1s brought out m Ephesians, we have the Spmt…
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earth." Ae if tbie, again, were not enough, a different division (for stars are in the hcnvons and visible, the human spirit is upon the earth and invisible), but an equally comprehensive division, is u.clcled: "things visible and things invisible." As if these two divisions in locality were not enough, essences are n…
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Historical Christian writing; not Scripture.