PUBLIC-DOMAIN CHRISTIAN BOOK
The Pulpit Commentary — Habakkuk
William J. Deane [1853-1943] · 67,138 words · 76 reading sections
The Pulpit Commentary — Habakkuk — Section 1
THE PULPIT COMMENTARY, EDITED BY TIIB VERY REV. H. D._ M. SPENCE, D.D., DE.Uf OF GI.OUOB8Tll:lli ANll BY THE REV. JOSEPH S. EXELL, M.A. H AB AK K U·K. e!xpos{tfon BY REV, W. J. DEANE, M.~. BEOTOB OF ABBEN. Womfletlcs BY REV. T. WHITELA. W, D.D. ~omilirs b~ Jlatious ~utbots. REV. S. D, HILLMAN, B.A. BEV. D…
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namo signifies "Embracing," and is taken personally to mean either "one who embraces" or" one who is embraced." The latter seems more probable. St. Jerome explains it also in the sense of one who wrestles with God, as Jacob, in prayer. But this sense is not generally allowed, and many com- mentators assume that the app…
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as pure, power as concentrated, may be found elsewhere; but the extended colloquy between God and the prophet, and the exquisitely beautiful ode which forms the conclusion of the prophecy, are unique. The introduction of the majestic theophany is as bold in conception as it is sublime in diction. We know not whether mo…
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CHAPTER L prophet himself. So ·the Vulgate, Voci- ferabor ad te 'llim patien.s. But Habakkuk Ver. 1-ch. ii. 20.-Part I. JuDGIIIENT don btless speaks in the person of the uPON THE EVIL, IN THE FOBIII'. OF A COLLOQUY righteous, grieved at the wickedness he BETWEEN THE PROPHET AND GOD, sees around, and the more perplex…
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(Gen, xlv. 26), is no longer of e.ny force give credit to it; tho punishment itself and or efficacy, is be<-.ome a dead letter. Jl.1atr1<hi- its executors a.re both unexpected (oomp. atr-ra,, "is dispersed" (Septne.gint); laoerata Lam. iv. 12). e~t (Vulge.te). .Tudgment doth never go Ver. 6.-The executors of the Div…
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proudly," or "go.llop." Septuagint, l(nr- of o. mound or embankment for the purpose ,rd,uav.-a,. The Anglican Version eeems of_atte.ck~ng a city (comp. 2 Sam. x.x. 15; 2 correct, implying that the cavalry, like Kmgs xu:. 32; x.xv. I). In the Assyrian Cossaol1s or Uhlo.ns, swept the whole country monuments one often see…
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relation to Israel from time immemorial, Ver. H.-The prophet appee.ls movingly and is himself eternal. Kine Holy One. He to God by showing the indignity with which speaks in the pnson of the righteous people, the people 11,1-e tree.ted. Ae the 11.shes ot the Rnd he r<:>fers to God's holiness as a second sea. Dumb and …
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embraced." Accepting the former sense, Luther notes the suitability of the prophet's name to his office. "He embraces his people (in his prophecy), and takes them to his nrms; i.e. he comforts them, and lifts them up as one embraces a poor weeping child or man, to quiet it with the assurance that, if God will, it shall…
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Learn: 1. That future events are known to God-Divine foreknowledge. 2. That God can revel\! these to men, should he so please-the possibility of revelation. 3. That those whom God selects to be his messengers nevertheless retain their individual and characteristic modes of thought and expression-inspiration not mechani…
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by contRct with evil, while, on the other band, it seems preferable to his wisdom and love that wickedness should have free scope to reveal ite true character, and ample opportunity either to change its mind or to justify its final overthrow (see homily on vers. 12-19). III. OVER THE MANIFEST FRUITLESSNESS OF HIS PRA…
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Matt. xxv. 32; Heb. ix. 27). 5. Its strangeness. It should be both startling and incredible. (1) Startling. A.s to its Author, Jehovah; as to the quarter whence it should proce,-d, from among the heathen; as to the power by which it should be inflicted, the Chaldcans, when they might rather have expected the A.ssyri…
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ovorllows its hanks, sweeping across the land like a tempestuous wind over the sandy desert, it overleape all barriers and restraints both Divine and human, and stands con- victed before God as a guilty transgressor. 7. lls shameless blasphemy. The culmi- nation at once of its offence and of its guilt is that it deifie…
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perplexity was the same which from time immemorial has troubled thoughtful men, the dark enigma of providence-why good men should so frequently be crushed by misfortune, and wicked men so often crowned with prosperity. This mystery was a source of anxiety to Job (xii. 6; xxi. 7-13), David (Ps. :xvi. 14, 16), Asaph …
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HOMILIES BY VARIOUS AU'rHORS. Ver. l.-Tlie title. Thie introduces ue to the writer and his work. Note- I. His NAME. Habalclcuk ; i.e. "One who embraces" - a name singularly approprio.te in its significance to the man who " rested in the Lord, and waited patiently for him" through the dark days, Luther applied the n…
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in thu evil course. He speaks of all this iniquity as being patent to the observer. Sometimes," vice, provoked to shame, borrows the colour of a virtuous deed;" bnt in this instance there was no attempt at concealment or disguise, and no sense of shame, "Spoiling and ,iolence m·e befoi·e me" (ver. 3). II. AN EARlIEST…
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blasphemy (ver. 11) ;-all pass in review before us. And these were chosen to be tho cxocut.orM of the Divine judgments I "For, lo, I raise up the Cbaldeans" (ver. 6). 'l'he meaning is that God, in bis providence, would permit "that bitter and hasty nation" to be a scourge to bis chosen people on account of their trans…
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bow of promise cast across his stormiest cloud, the bright star kindled in hie darkest ~kv. II. OBSERVE THAT THE PROPB:ET'S REASONING ADMITS OF A MORE EXTENDED RANGE OF APPLIOATION, A1''1> HAS AN IMPORTANT BEARING UPON TRE IMMOIITALITY OF MAN. Jehovah is "from everlasting." He is "the eternal God• " hence our immo…
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those hacl won the victory. "Therefore they sacrifice," etc. (ver. 16). They should be lifted up with the pride of human sufficiency. Observe- !. SuooESS 18 EVER !IEOURED AB THE BESTOWMENT OR BY THE PERMISSION OF Gon. 1. 1'emporal success is thUB gained. The age in which we live is an age of earnest toil of restless a…
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('c>nsrquent sadness of his h81\rt. He had bitterly mourned over the prevailing guilt of his people, and had earnestly appealed to Heaven to vindicate the right. The Divine rPsponse, however, filled him with distress. 'l'hat Divine chastisement should be inflicted upon his country he understood and approved, but that t…
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clmpter tell us thBt he prophesied before that series of invasions by the Chaldeana which ended in the destruction of Jerusalem and the ce.ptivity of the people-probahly between 640 e.nd 610 years before Christ. He was therefore contemporary with Jeremiah and Zepho.nie.h. The book treats of the wickedness of the Jews, …
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distress? Devastation and violence are before me; there arises strife, and contention lifts itself up. Therefore the Law is benumbed, and justice comes not forth for ever: for sinners encircle the righteous man: therefore justice goes forth perverted." The substance Clf this is ihe old complaint," Wherefore doth the W1…
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II. 1T WAS TO DE WROUGHT WITH REBISTLESS VIOLENCE. 1. The violence would be uncontrolled. "Their jndgment and their dignity shall proceed of themselves." They recognize no authority, and proudly spurn the dictates of others. "They recognize no judge savt1 themselveB, and they get for themselves their own dignity, witho…
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ever mischief men design to inflict upon his people, he purposes to bring good out of it; and his counsel shall stand. III. RE REGARDS HIS HOLINESS AB AN OCOASION FOR PERPLEXITY, "Thou art of purer eyes than to behold evil, and canst not look on iniquity: wherefore lookest thou upon them that deal treacherously, e.nd …
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dominion over e.11 lands e.nd people, e.nd brought home to Babylon the goods, jewels, silver e.nd gold, interest e.nd rent of e.Jl the world'" (Delitzsch). In these verses we he.ve e. specimen of rapacious selfishness in power. Selfishness is the root and essence of sin. All unregenere.te men e.re therefore more or les…
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EXPOSITION. Ver. 2.-Jehovah answers the prophet's CHAPTER ll. expostulation (eh. i. 12, etc.). Write. That Vere. 1-3.-§ 5. The p1'ophet, waiting it may reme.iii' permaneotly on record, and for an a1Ul'IIJef' to his expostulation, is bidden that, when it comes to pass, people may be- w tDTite the oracle in plain chaf…
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Ver. 3,-:For. 'fhe reason is given why statement to the case of one who d@bts the oracle is to be committed to writing. Hod's wora. But the just shall live by hia la yet for an (the) appointed time. The faith. 'fhe " faith " here spoken of iij a vision will not be e.coomplished immediately, loving trust in God, confide…
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but generally ended in drunkenness" dot1ble or ambiguous meanings (comp. Pro\". (Rawlinson,• Ano. Mon.,' iii. 450, edit. 1Su5). i. 6). Septuagint, np&.87''11'" ,l, S,fi;,'1u11• Neither the Reptungint, nor the Syriao, nor ail.-ov. Woe (Nah. iii. 1). 'l'hi~ is the first the Coptic Yersion l1ae any mention of of the fi…
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avidumque in tom pore f11mue." The" biters" to building and enriching towns, temples, rising up eU<lrlenly are the Persians who and palaces (see Josephus, 'Cont. Ap.,' i. destroyed the Bflbylonio.n power ae quickly 19. 7, etc.). From the power of evil; from nnd e.e unexpectedly as it had arisen. Vex; the hand of evil; …
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but generally ended in drunkenness'' double or ambiguous me11.nings (comp, Pro\', (Rawlinson,' Ano. Mon.,' iii. 450, edit. 1865). i. 6). Septuagint, Ilp&/3,1,71µa. ,is 3nh'l""' Neither lhe 1-'-cphrngint, nor the Syriao, nor a~Tov. Woe (Nah. iii. 1). 'l'hi~ is the first the Coptic Ycrsion has any mention of of the fi…
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e.vidumque in tom pore fmnus." The" biters" to building and enriching towns, temples, rising up su,ldenly nre the Persians who and palaces (see Josephus, 'Cont. Ap.,' i. destroyed the Bnbylonio.n power e.s quickly 19. 7, etc.). Prom the power of evil; from nnd o.s unexpectedly e.s it had uisen. Vex; the hand of eml; i.…
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LXX. gives, ,ui,•9apos /,c tJAov, a beetle, a sncriflce interest to venge11noe, and the worm, from tbe wood. Hence, referring to peace of a kingdom to n tiger-like thirst for Chri•t on the crnes, St. Ambrose (' Orat. blood . . . we cannot bo surprised that, de Obit. Theod.,' 46) writes, "Adoravit when final judgmeut…
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Ver. 15.-Not only <lo tho Chnl<lenns op• band. Retributi1·e vengeance is often thn:s press an<l pilh,ge the peopleA, but they fi~nre<l (comp. Ps. lx. 3; lxxv. 8; Isa. Ii. 17, oxpose them to the vilest clerieion and con- 22; J er. :xxv. 15, etc.). Shall be turned tumely. The prophet uses figures takon unto thee. God hi…
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ehipp<>rs in lying delusions, in entire oontraet question expressing astonishment. Vul• to Jehovah wbo is Truth. From some varia- gate, Numquid ip86 docern pote1-it 1 The tion in reading the LXX. gives, </)a.v'l'<1<Tl11v LXX. paraphrases, 1<11l 4/,.,.J ,,,..,., ,p11vT11<Tia. ,j,£u5ij, and Jerome, " imaginem fa.Isam" "a…
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pass unattended to ?Y God. Ho never doubted that God would reply to his supplica- tions and i11terrogat1ons. So he that cometh to God must believe that he is, and that he is the Rewarder of them that diligently seek him (Heh. xi,! 6). It was David'il habit, after directing his prayer to God, to look up expectin;1; a…
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hut it should come. Hence he should possess his soul in patience. So should Christians we.it patiently for the coming of the Lord for their fine.I redemption and for the overthrow of e.11 the Church's foes (Je.s. v. 8). The contents of the vision nre narrated in the verses which follow. LEssoNs. 1. The dignity of man,…
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v. 24; xi. 26; 1 John ii. 25; v. 11; 1 Tim. i. 16; vi. 12; Titus i. 2; iii. 7). All other life but that which Christ bestows is temporal and perishing. Vers. 6-8.-.A parable of woes: 1. Woe to the rapacious! I. THEIR PERso~s IDENTIFIED. 1. The Ohaldean nation, in its kings and people, who were animated by a lust of …
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Vers. 9-11.-.A parable of woes: 2. Woe to the covetous I I. THEIR AIM. 1. Personal comfnrt. Suggested by the term "nest," which for the Chaldeau meant Rabylon_ with its palaces, and for the individual signifies his mansion or dwelling-place (Job xx1x. 18). Josephus(' Ant.,' x. 11. 1) states that Nebuchn<lnezzar buil…
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Vora. 12-14.-.A parable of woes: 3. Woe to the ambitious! I. 'l'nE CRDIIKALTY ot• THEIR AMDITION. 1. The obfect aimed at. To build towns and establish cities. Not necessarily a sinful project, unless the motive or the means be bad. City-buildin" may have originated in a spirit of defiance ago.inst Jehovah (Gen. iv. 17)…
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Chaldean. Still, the action selected by the prophet has in it seveml elemeuts of ";ckedness which are worthy of consideration. It the mere giving of drink to anotl10r is not sinful (Prov. xxxi. 6), the doing so out of m11.lice (" adding venom or wrnth thereto ") is, while the sin is aggravated by practising deception i…
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HOMILIES BY VARIOUS AUTHORS, Ver. 3.-Waiting for the vision. In this chapter we have set forth the doom of Babylon. The prophet had given to him glimpses of the future as affecting the adversaries of his people. The Divine voice within him gave assurance that the power of the oppressor should at length be broken. He s…
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however, use this expres~ion of the Prophet Habakkuk in a somewhat different sense from that in which he employed it, and apply it to the exposition and enforcement of the important doctrine of "justification hy faith." The thought possessing the mirnl o! the seer wo.s that the righteous man exercises an implicit confi…
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faith. 2. Others have to pass through adverse scenes; and the faith that strengthens in prosperity will nlso sustain a.midst life's unfavourable influences, Resting in tho Lord and in the glorious assurances of his Word, his servants can outrido the severest storm, quietly ncqniescing e.nd bravely enduring, Ruskin rema…
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Vore. 9-11.-0orrupt ambition. Ambition may be pure and lofty, and when tl,iH ls the c11se it cannot be too highly commended. It is "the germ from which all growth of nobleness proceeds." "It is to the human heart what spring is to thu onrth, mnking every root e.nd bud and bough desire to be more." Headway cannot bo …
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reluctantly-aliens who had fallen as ce.ptives into the powel' of the Che.ldee.ns were me.de to labour and serve; but toil in the interests of God's kingdom is ever voluntai·y aud is rendered lovi11gly and without constraint. 2. Toil in the interests of earthly kingdoms is often toil/or that which shall be desti·oyed, …
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nppoaled to reason. The maker of anything must of necessity be greater than that which he fBSWone with hie own hunds and as the result of his own skill; hence what greater absurdity could there be than for the maker of a dumb idol to be reposing his trust in the thing he hae formed (ver. 18)? 3. He denounced the idol p…
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use the words of t.hc text to illustrate rna.n's moral mission to the wo1'ld. vVhet"elore nre we in this world? Both the theories and the practical conduct of men give different answers to this all-importa.nt problem. I sha.11 take the answer from the text, and obserVC'-- 1. OUR MISSION HERE IS TO RECEIVE OOMMUNIOATIO…
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nn unsettled question amongst biblical critics; and a question of bnt little practical moment. We tl\ke the words as a portraiture of a good man. I. A 0000 MAN Ill A HU'MDLE MAN. This is implied. His son! is not "lifted up." Pride is not only no part of moral goodness, bnt is essentially inimical to it. It i~ said tha…
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this form in England to-day to an appalling extent. Woe to our legislators, if they do not put it down by the strong arm of the law I Nothing else will do it. II. HAUOHTINEss. "Is a proud man." Babylon became inspired with a haughty insolence. She regarded herself as the queen of the world, and looked down with superc…
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silver vessels used at the royal feast were token out of the temple which wa~ at Jerusalem. "No more," says an old writer, "of what we have is to be reckoned ours than what we came honestly by. Nor will it long be ours, for wealth gotten by vanity will soon diminish." Take away the ill-gotten wealth of the nations of …
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sin, and which is repft'sented as excluding from the kingdom of heaven. The oovetous roan is a thief in spirit and in reality. ,2, Tntsting in false securities. So "that he may set his nest on high, that he may be delivered from the power of evil." The image is from an eagle (Job xxxix. 27). The royal citadel is mea…
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Incleecl, all these things a.re both legitimate and desirable. But it is stated that these llabylunia.ns <lid it: 1. By violence. "With blood." Men's lives were sacrificed for the purpose. "By iniquity." Justice was outraged in the effort. 2. By cruelty. "Labour in the very fire." These wrongs we have already explained…
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of all fip1re, the meaning of this is that the sufferings which Babylon inflicted upon Palestine, represe □ ted here by Lebanon, would return to them. Here is retribution. Haby Ion had gi,en the cup of drunkenness, and in return should have the cup of fury and contempt.-D. T. Vers. IS, 19.-National wrongs ending in na…
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though overlaid with gold and silver? "There is no breath at all in the midst of it." How irrational all this I Equally unreasonable is it for men to search for happiness in any of the works of their hands, and in any being or in any object indepen?ent of God. 2. It is the woe of insulted justice. What has God said? "T…
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EXPOSITION. ment of the Jews and the destruction of the CHAPTER Ill. C_hal?eans. The LXX., regarding the am- Yers.1-19.-Part JI. PSALM on PRAYER b1gmtyof the Hebrew, gives a double render- o;, HA.BAE.Jim;:. ing, EiCTa.1d1,coa. T¾,v lz.1Co~v o-ov, nnd 1ea.TEvd71a-a. TO. lp'f« o-ou, " I heard thy report," nnd "I Ver…
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but mnny of tho Fathors, who were conversant There is no ground for the contention thut with the Greek Boriptures, so.w herein a ih employmon t belongs to the latest sta"e reforenoe to the inmrnntion of onr blessed of Hebrew. Teman; i.e. Edom; Vulgate, ~7, Lord, o.s lying in the stable at Bethlehem Au•tro (see notes on…
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is C',>mmon in Arel,ic poetry (oomp. Exod. siden1, too, all the domgs of the ohiklren of :-.,cxiL 29, :10). In the origine.l pe.ese.ge, men, and requites them accordingly. Vul- Deut.. xxxiii. 2, we r0ad, "At bis right he.nd gate, Sttitit, et mensus est terrnm. So the wt1.s R lien· Lnw unto them "-e. reforenoe to Syriao…
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Vor. 8.-Intorrupting hie description of for the latter, as instrumenta of ch,istie,·- tho thoophany, the prophet asks the ment, rendering," Rods are sworn by word." motive of this wrathrul revelation. This is Henc!erson, taking the worrls as a military done, not with expectation of an answer, signal, curiously translat…
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t" emerge when they shine ~- xbi:. 4, -et().). his power for the destruc Iion or the Cho.l- Overpowered ""ith the splendour of God'~ de11ns with his ohhsen " Christ," Oyrus. pN>sence, the heAYenly luminnries hid'e their But thi~ is t.on definite, Md cannot be shown• liid1t in this <lay of the Lord (Mn'l'p. lea. to be i…
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he11d," just above, h~~ ,led the prophet to rendering," I watched." If the former part use the term "neck rn orcln to express is the piet1n of the congregation, tbe pre- tbe utter destruction of tho whole body. sent is the prophet's own utterance ex- Selah. Another solemn pause onsncs. pressive of hie dismay at the pro…
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:romn.rk that this is " gloss, not on the Jesu meo. From this gloee of St. Jerome soma orig-i111ll text, hut on the erroneous version. of tile Fathers have argued for tho oxisteuce Yer. 17.-The prophet depicts the effects in this pllss1tge of e. revelation of the incarul\- of the hostile in'"nsion, which 1\1'0 such …
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