PATRISTIC AND MEDLEVAL MARVELS 253
very especially Yrjo Hirn, The Sacred Shrine, 1912, pp. 120 ff., with the literature given on pp. 502 ff.
38. Newman, as cited, p. 134.
39. Middleton, as cited, vol. I, p. li.
40. Smith and Cheatham, as cited.
41. Diet, des Proprieties et des Miracles (Migne), vol. I, p. 370. For the miracle of Bolsena and its significance in the historical de- velopment of the legends, see H. Giinter, Legenden-Studicn, 1906, pp. 174 ff.; cf. Yrjo Hirn, The Sacred Shrine, 1912, pp. 103 f.
42. Deut. 13 : 1 ff.
43. Biblical Repertory and Princeton Review, April, 1856, pp. 255-285, article on "Miracles and their Counterfeits."
44. As cited, p. 99.
45. Pp. 115 ff.
46. Pp. 150 f.
47. This portion of Fleury's great Histoire Ecclesiastique (Paris, 1691-1720, 20 vols., quarto), from 381 to 400 A. D., translated by Herbert (London, 1828), was republished in three volumes, Oxford, 1842, in a text carefully revised by Newman, and supplied with this introduction.
48. P. 188.
49. Nor indeed can John T. Driscoll writing as late as 191 1 {The Catholic Encyclopedia, X, p. 346). If we may judge from re- ports of cases in the public press, modern surgery provides numer- ous similar instances. We have happened to clip the following two examples. The New York Tribune for May 6, 1901: "William H. Crampton, the lecturer, who some time ago had the greater part of his tongue cut out on account of a cancerous growth, is now able to articulate slowly so that he can make himself understood. . . . Crampton, who for some years has made his living by lecturing, just before the operation was performed, spent two days in de- livering his lectures into a phonograph. His idea was that when he left the hospital, bereft of speech, as he anticipated, he would still be able to earn a living by giving phonograph lectures. . . . Doctor L. S. Pitcher, of the staff of the Seney Hospital, who per- formed the operation, has asked Mr. Crampton to appear before the next meeting of the Brooklyn Surgical Society in order that its members may get a thorough understanding of the case. Mr. Crampton will have his phonograph records with him to show the effects of the operation upon his speech." The Lexington (Ky.) Leader, January n, 1906 (Associated Press Telegram): "Chicago, Jan'y 10. — Frederick Power, actor and stage-manager, who had his tongue cut from his mouth in an operation for cancer five weeks
254 NOTES TO LECTURE II
ago, is again able to talk so as to be understood. The case is said by physicians to be a remarkable triumph for surgery. All of Mr. Power's tongue and part of the root had to be removed in the operation. With his tongue gone, he is able to articulate, uttering some words quite distinctly. For several days Mr. Power has been attempting to sing, and the hospital attendants say that while the efforts were not entirely successful, they have encouraged the pa- tient and made him quite hopeful. There is still some paralysis in Mr. Power's lower lip, due to the operation, and there is a heavy gold bridge in his mouth. His jaw is still held in a heavy plaster cast, and when these impediments are removed it is believed he will be able to articulate fairly well."
50. Philomythus : An Antidote against Credulity. A Discus- sion of Cardinal Newman's Essay on Ecclesiastical Miracles. By Edwin A. Abbott, 1891. Second edition, 1891.
51. St. Thomas of Canterbury : His Death and Miracles. By Edwin A. Abbott, M.A., D.D., 2 vols., 1898.
52. P. 189.
53. Loc. cit., p. 105, note 2.
54. Op. cit., p. 55; cf. pp. 82 ff.
55- PP. 54 ff-
56. Loc. cit., p. 384.
57. Pp. 81 f. On the integrity of the present text of the Life of Hilarion, see H. Giinter, Legenden-Studien, 1906, p. 130, note 3.
58. Th. Trede, in the chapter on "Monchtum," in his W under - glaube im Beidentum und in der alien Kirche, 1901, has some very useful remarks (pp. 213 ff.) on Athanasius's Life of Antony and its relation to the miracle-love of the times. "As apostle of Monasti- cism," he says, "Athanasius becomes a rhetorician, with reference to whom we ask, Where does fancy stop and where does reality begin? When the great doctor of the church assures us that he has throughout looked only to the truth, his idea of the truth was not different from that which we have found among other leaders of the church and permitted him such means to reach his purpose as were looked upon as self-evident in the heathen notions of the time." With an appeal, then, to Lucian's exposition of the different laws which govern history and panegyrics (The Way to Write History, 7 and 8: "The panegyrist has only one concern — to commend and gratify his living theme some way or other; if misrepresentation will serve his purpose, he has no objection to that. History, on the other hand, abhors the intrusion of any least scruple of false- hood . . ."), he continues: "The Life of Antony by Athanasius is a panegyric, just such as Gregory of Nyssa wrote about Gregory