Moreover, in the New Testament there be divers Avords and ex- pressions concerning the death of our Saviour, holding out that thing
ARGUMENTS AGAINST UNIVERSAL REDEMPTION. 2G7
which by satisfaction we do intend ; as when, first, it is termed '?rpoff(popd' Eph. V. 2, Uapsdojzsv saurov 'xpoffcpopav xai ^uslav, — an oblation or sacrifice of expiation ; as appeareth by that type of it with which it is compared, Heb. ix. 13, 14. Of. the same force also is the word ^^"? {ascham), Isa. liii. 10; Lev. vii. 2. "He made his soul an offering for sin," — a piacular sacrifice for the removing of it away ; which the apostle abundantly cleareth, in saying that he was made a[Map7ia, "sin" itself, 2 Cor. v. 21, sin being there put for the ad- junct of it, or the punishment due unto it. So also is he termed /Aaff/Ao?, 1 John ii. 2. Whereunto answers the Hebrew chitte, used Gen. xxxi. 39, i^l^O^ "'t'^'^, " Ego illud expiabam," Avhich is to undergo the debt, and to make compensation for it; which was the office of him who was to be Job's goel, chap. xix. 25. All which and divers other words, which in part shall be afterward considered, do declare the very same thing which we intend by satisfaction ; even a taking upon him the whole punishment due to sin, and in the offering of himself doing that which God, who was offended, was more de- lighted and pleased v.dthal, than he was displeased and offended v/ith all the sins of all those that he suffered and offered himself for. And there can be no more complete satisfaction made to any than by doing that which he is more contented with, than discontented and troubled with that for which he must be satisfied. God was more pleased with the obedience, offering, and sacrifice of his Son, than displeased with the sins and rebellions of all the elect. As if a good king should have a company of his subjects stand out in re- bellion against him, and he were thereby moved to destroj^ them, because they would not have him reign over them, and the only son of that king should put in for their pardon, making a tender to his father of some excellent conquest by him lately achieved, be- seeching him to accept of it, and be pleased with his poor subjects, so as to receive them into favour again ; or, which is nearer, should offer himself to undergo that punishment which his justice had allotted for the rebels, and should accordingly do it; — he should pro- perly make satisfaction for their offence, and in strict justice they ought to be pardoned. This was Christ, as that one hircus, kitwoih- TaTog, sent-away goat, that bare and carried away all the sins of the people of God, to fall himself under them, though with assurance to break all the bonds of death, and to live for ever. Now, whereas I said that there is a twofold satisfaction, whereby the debtor is freed from the obligation that is upon him, — the one being solutio ejusdem, payment of the same thing that was in the obligation; the other, solutio tantidem, of that which is not the same, nor equivalent unto it, but only in the gracious acceptation of the creditor, — it is worth our inquiry which of these it was that our Saviour did per- form.
268 THE DEATH OF DEATH. [BOOK III.
He^ who is esteemed Ly many to have handled this argument with most exactness, denieth that the payment made by Christ for us (by the i:)ayment of the debt of sin understand, by analogy, the under- going of the punisluiient due unto it) was solutio ejusdem, or of the same thing directly which was in the obligation : for which he giveth some reasons; as, — First, Because such a solution, satisfaction, or payment, is attended with actual freedom from the obligation. Se- condly, Because, where such a solution is made, there is no room for remission or pardon. "Itistrue,"saithhe, "deliverance followeth upon it; but this deliverance cannot be by way of gracious pardon, for there needeth not the interceding of any such act of grace. But now/' saith he, " that satisfaction whereby some other thing is offered than that which was in the obligation may be admitted or refused, according as the creditor pleaseth ; and being admitted for any, it is by an act of grace ; and such was the satisfaction made by Christ.'" Now, truly, none of these reasons seem of so much weight to me as to draw me into that persuasion.
For the first reason rests upon that, for the confirmation of it, which cannot be granted, — namely, that actual freedom from the obligation doth not follow the satisfaction made by Christ ; for by death he did deliver us from death, and that actually, so far as that the elect are said to die and rise with him. He did actually, or ijjso facto, deliver us from the curse, by being made a curse for us; and the hand-writing that was against us, even the whole obligation, was taken out of the way and nailed to his cross. It is true, all for whom he did this do not instantly actually apprehend and perceive it, which is impossible : but yet that hinders not but that they have all the fruits of his death in actual right, though not in actual pos- session, which last they cannot have until at least it be made known to them. As, if a man pay a ransom for a prisoner detained in a foreign country, the very day of the payment and acceptation of it the prisoner hath right to his liberty, although he cannot enjoy it until such time as tidings of it are brought unto him, and a warrant produced for his delivery. So that that reason is nothing but a beg- gmg Tov IV apyri.