EXERCITATION XXIV. SACRIFICES OF THE OLD LAW.
1. Sacrifices the principal worship of God. 2. Three sorts of them: (1.) Of the brazen altar; (2.) Of the sanctuary; (3.) Of the most holy place. 3. Re- ferred to by the apostle, 4. All sacrifices of the altar were 92272. 5. Every Corban either Isha or Terumah. 6. ®°¥S of six sorts: (1.) Ghola; (2.) Min- cha; (3.) Chataath; (4.) Asham; (5.) Milluim; (6.) Shelamim. 7. A se- cond distinction of fire-offerings—Hither Zebach or Mincha. 8-12. These distinctions and differences explained at large. 13. The matter of all sacri- fices. 14. mbty, the first particular sacrifice—The rise, use, and direction of it. 15. Use oe, it among the heathen. 16, 17. What of ancient tradition, what of their own invention. 18-21. The manner of this sacrifice. 22. The end of it—To make expiation or atonement, what. 23. Seasons and occa- sions of this sacrifice. 24. "22, a meat-offering. 25. The use of that name;
~ general, particular. 26, 27. The matter of this offering. 28. 70}, the drink-offering—The matter of it. 29. The Mincha not the most ancient kind of sacrifice. 30. nydy Mat, peace-offerings. 31. Reason of the name. 32. Matter of this offering. 3a; 34. Things peculiar to this kind of sacrifice. 85. The use of it among the heathen. 36. "S&H; the sin-offering—The name and causes of it. 37. Sins™%2, what. 38. The persons to offer this sacrifice. 39. The anointed priest, who, Lev. iv. 3; 40. The whole con- gregation ; the ruler; a private person. 41. The time and season of this sacrifice, 42. The sprinkling of blood in it, _ 43. 8&8, the trespass-offering —Its difference from the sin-offering. 44, 5°81? , consecration- offerings, 45, Second sort of Corbans—Terumoth.
1. THE principal worship and service of God, both in the taber- nacle and temple, consisted in offerings and sacrifices: for these
528 SACRIFICES OF THE OLD LAW. [EXERC. XxtV.
did directly represent, and in their general nature answered, that which was the foundation of the church and all the worship there- of,—namely, the sacrifice of the Son of God; and he is called “The Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world,” John i. 29, because he fulfilled and perfectly accomplished what was prefigured by the sacrifice of lambs, and other creatures, from the foundation of the world. Neither were these offerings and sacrifices any thing but means of God’s institution, for men to express by them their faith in the first promise. Nor were sacrifices in general now first instituted, nor the kinds of them first appointed, but the most of them were observed, upon divine revelation and command, from the entrance of sin and giving of the promise; only, they were rescued, in the repetition of them unto Moses, from the superstition that was grown in their observance, and directed unto a right object, and at- tended with suitable instructive ceremonies in the manner of their performance.
2. Now these offerings were of three sorts;—first, Those of the court, or brazen altar, by blood and fire; secondly, Those of the sanctuary, at the altar of incense and table of shew-bread; thirdly, Those of the most holy place, before the ark, mercy-seat, and oracle. The first of these represented the bloody death of Christ, and his sac- rifice on the cross; the second, his intercession in heaven; and the third, the dvoreAéowara, or effects of both, in atonement and recon- ciliation. And these our apostle mentions, Heb. viii. 3, 4, “ Every high priest is ordained to offer gifts and sacrifices :” and “There are priests that offer gifts according to the law.’ Chap. ix. 7, “Into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself and the errors of the people.” Verse 12, “ By the blood of goats and calves.” Verse 13, “The blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkled.” Verse 22, “ Almost all things are by the law purged with blood.” Chap. x. 1-5, “ For the law having a shadow of good things to come, not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers there- unto perfect. For then would they not have ceased to be offered? because that the worshippers once purged should have had no more conscience of sins. But in those sacrifices there is remembrance again made of sins every year. For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins) Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offermg thou wouldest not.” Verse 11, “ And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never take away sin.” Chap, xiii, 11, “ For the bodies of those beasts, whose blood is brought into the sanctuary by the high priest for sin, are pinned without the camp.”
“SECT. 2-7.] SACRIFICES OF THE OLD LAW. 529
3. Evident it is that these and the like passages, wherein our apostle refers to the institution, nature, use, end, and manner of the .observation of sacrifices, cannot be rightly understood without some distinct notion of them, as prescribed by God unto Moses, and observed by the people under the old testament. I shall, therefore, here give a brief system of them, and account concerning them.