When the monarchy became settled and com- paratively powerful under Solomon, treaties with forVicners, m the stricter sense, became fremunt. '^Sn himself formed an alliance -Uh Jiram king of Tyre (1 K 5). and it is most probable that
some of his marriages, and especiaUy that with the daughter of Pharaoh, cemented a political union. The frequency with which rebels and outlaws sought a refuge in Egypt made such a union de-sfrable. On the other ^land. the memorials of ?he capture of Jerus. by Shishak of Egypt disprove the conjecture that his attack on Kel.oboam ^yas made in support of Jeroboam After the secession "f the ten tribes, Israel and Judah both sought foreign assistance against each other Asa, onbeing attacked by Baasha, bribed Benhadad of Syria to dissolve the alliance he had previously formed witl Israel and to join him in his war with tliat country t wa^ not uitil the reigns of Jehoshaphat and Ahab that the two countries found t'lemtf '^^^^^ accord, and fought side by side %'a.nst the heathen Their union was, of course, purely political : t had nothin" to do with religious or sentimental con- sMerattons. Ahab could also form, or maintain an alliance with the king of Pha,nic.a, and build an altar to Baal as the -uardian and avenger of the treaty (1 K 16^'). W th the entrance of the Assirans^'n the scene, a new series of alliances is be4n. Jehu's tribute to Shalmaneser was that of a vassal rather than an ally, and Menahem seems to have bribed Tiglath-pileser to aid him against his o^^^l subjects (2 K 15'»). At this pomt, how- ei^r!the prophets begin to inveif^ against these alliances (cf. especially Hos 8», Is 30'°), and tue narional exclusi'veness^is finaUy Perfected by Ezra and his school. J- MILLAR.
ALLIED (Neh 13' only) has the special meaning of connected by marriage. So Rob. of Olouc- • And saide, that it waa to hj-m great prow and honour To be in such manage aliea to the '"'Py'"g^g.riNOS.
ALLON —1. (B 'AXXii^. A 'ASXiii'. AV Allom). 1 Es 5** —His descendants are the last named among the children of Solomon's servants who r^uraed with Zenibbabel. He may be the same SXfcx 'HMeO, the last named in the paraUe list in Ezr 2", or Amon (pox Ui^dn), Neh t , but the eight preceding names in 1 Es have no parallels in the canonical books, so that the Fden Rcation is doubtful. Fritzsche conjectures "C. meaning *et<=-„ 2. A Simeonit* prmce.
J (~.jj 487 H. St. J. THACKfcRAY.
ALLON BACUTH (n«? I^^?- ^^ *• ,f f \^^"„^^' •oak of weeping'), ^-''ere DeWah ^te ekah s nurse, was buried, was at Bethel (^n 35 )^ bee Bethel, Oak. C- ^^- Conder.
ALLOW.— Two distinct Lat. words, allandare, to praise, approve, and alhmre, to place (the latter through the French alouer), assumed in Eng' the sanTe form 'allow.' . Consequently in the five occurrences of this word in AV t^.ere are t«o aistincv meanings, i. To approve : ^\''[ ]P^ that which I do, I a. not' (Or. yi.w<rta., hence KV •know not'); Ro 14« 'Happy is he that con- demneth not himself in tU t^>""K -l.cli he aeth- (KV 'approveth' ; 1 Th 2«: and Lk U ^Ye a the deeds (R\ ' consent unto the works ) of your fathers.' Cf. Ts 11» Pr. Bk. The Lord a'th^ (AV and RV 'trielh') the rjgh teous 2. To place before one so as to see ami admit it. to acknowledge, accept: Ac 24" ' ^^ huh the^ hem- selves also a.' (Or. ^poaS^xoMa., BV look for "i. ' accept '). Allowable (not in A V or RV) s found in Pref. of AV = ' worthy of approval.' Allowanco is also in Pref. AV = approval, and has been mtro- duced by RV at Jer's'i" in the mod. sense of . portion^ (AV 'diet'). Cf. 1 Es 1^ ^^^^,^^,
ALMIGHTY is used in OT as tr. of n»* 48 tunes (all the occurrences of that word) of wh. 31 are
AL MODAD
ALMSGIVING
67
In Job. In NT it is used as tr. of ravTOKpdrup 10 times (all the occurrences of that word), of wh. 9 are in Kev. It is also freq. in Apocr. See God.
J. Hastings.
AL HODAD (tiNd^n), the first-named son of Jokt&n, Gn 10**, 1 Ch 1*. The context seems to imply that some tribe or district of S. Arabia is meant, but the name has not hitherto been identi- fied w-ith certainty. The first element has been •■ariously explained as the Arab, article (this is perhaps intended by the Massoretic punctuation ; so Dillmann on Gn 10^), as the Sera. El (' God ' ; so Halevy), and as the Arab, dl (' family ' ; so Glaser, Skizze, ii. -lio). The second element seems clearly to be a derivative of the verb wadd (to love), of the same stem as the name Wadd, a god of the Mina^ans and other Arabian races. As a word that can be read Maudad is applied in inscriptions to the Gebanit«s in their relation to the kinjjs of Main, Glaser supgests that the name should be rendered 'the family to whom the office of Maudad,' i.e. some priesthood of Wadd, ' was assigned,' and that the tribe should be identified with the Gebanites, whom he places in the S.W. comer of Arabia. Others have supposed the word to be corrupt, and have corrected it Al-Murad, the well- known name of a tribe of Yemen.