ANIM (D'4V), Jos 15"* only. — A town of Judab, in the mountains near Eshtemoh. It seems prob- able that it is the present double ruin of Ghuuvin, west of Eshtemoh. The Heb. and Arab, guttural letters are equivalent. In the 4th cent. a.d. (Onomasticon, s.v. Anab and Astemcc) Anea or Anem is noticed as a large town near Eshtemoh ; and there were two places so called. It is identi- fied (s.v. Anim) witn the town now in question. All the inhabitants were then Christians. See ■S WP vol. iii. sheet xxiv. C. R. CONDER.
ANIMAL KINGDOM.— See Natural Histoey.
ANISE {irriOov, anethum). — There can be no reasonable doubt that ivriBov is the classical name of Anethum graveoUns, L., which is translated in EV {Mt 2:}"') anise. There is the direct evidence of Rabbi Eliezer (Tract. Maaseroth, c. iv. 5) that the secd.s, leaves, and tiie stem of dill are 'subject to tithe.' Dill is in the Talm. shabnth. It is known in Arab, by the cognate name shibifh, and is much cultivated in Pal. and Syria. The seeds of it are used in cookery as a condiment, esp. with beans and other seeds of the pnlae kind, and their flavour is greatly liketi by the natives of Egyi)t, I'al., Syria, and the East generally. It is also u.sed by the natives as a carminative. Avicenna speaks thus of its virtues (ii. 258): 'calmant for griping, carminative diminishes swelling, and its infusion is beneficial as a wash to indolent ulcers. Its oil is useful in joint affections and neuralgias, and also as 8 hypnotic. Its juice calms pain in the ear. Eaten for a long time it injures the sight. The plant and its seed are galactogogues, but are esp. useful in over-distension of the stomach and flatulency. Its oil is also beneficial in lui'morrhoids.'
Dill is an annual or biennial herb, of the order Umbelliferte, with a stem one to three feet high, much dissected leaves, small yellow flowers, and flattened oval fruits about one-tifth of an inch long, of a brownish colour, with a lighter-coloured wing- like border, and a pungent, aromatic odour and taste. It is found wild in cornliclds in central and Bimihem Europe and Egypt, perhaps escaped from cultivation. It has been cultivated from remote antiquity.
The ojiinion of the translators of AV, in favour of anise (I'impinella anisinn, L. ), is hardly to be weighed against the direct evidence above adduced for the identity of dill with dvriOoi'. RV gives dill in the margin. G. E. Post.
ANKLE-CHAINS (iTnvs, Arab, snldsil, AV 'oma. ments of the legs,' Is 3-").— The prophet refers to the practice of joining the anklets by a short chain, to produce a stilted, afi'ected gait in walking.
G. M. RIackie.
ANKLETS (o-p?s;, Arab, khalakhil. Is 3'», AV 'tinkling ornaments.')— The ref. is to the metal twists and bangles of bracelet-like design worn on the ankles of Oriental women, esp. of the Bedawin and fellahin class. The musical clink of the ankleta and their ornaments, which to the wearied
peasant on the rough mountain path has th9 refreshment of the bells to the Irnggage animals, is here alluded to as a social vulgarism when allected by the Ladies of the upper clas.ses, and as one of the marks of an artificial and unhealthy tone of life. G. M. Mackib.
ANNA {'Kvva, the same name as the Heb. } Ilannali, from a root meaning ' grace '). — 1. Thti wife of Tobit : ' I took to wife A. of the seed o our own family' (To P"-)- See TOBIT. 2. prophetess, the daughter of Phanuel, of the trib of Asher (Lk 2"-*). This genealogical notic makes it clear that, though Asher was no one of the ten tribes which returned to Pale.- tine after the Babylonian Caiitivity, individuc members of the tribe had done so ; and further that Anna belonged to a family of sufficient di tinction to have preserved its genealogy. In th.i same connexion it is interesting to notice that the tribe of Asher alone is celebrated in tradition for the beauty of its women, and their fitness to bj wedded to the high pri(!st or king (for authorities, see Edersheim, ,/c.tii.i the Mcs.iin/i, vol. i. p. 200). Uf Anna's personal history all that we know ia contained in the brief statement of St. Luke. Sha had been married for seven years, and at the tim «[poken of was not merely, as the AV suggests, eighty-four years old, but, according to the mor> correct rendering of the UV, ' hail been a widow even for fourscore and four years ' ; so th.it, supposing her to have been married at fourteen, she would now be about a hundred and five. Throughout her long widowhood she had 'departed not from the temple,' not in the sen.se of .actually living there — for that would have been impossible, most of all for a woman — but as taking part in nil the tcmiile services, ' worshipping, witli fivstings and supplications night and clay.' It was thus that she sought to give expression to the longing which was filling her heart for the coming of the promised Messiah, and at length her faith and l)atience were rewarded. In the child .Je.sus she was allowed to see the fulfilment of God's promise to His ancient people, and lienrefDrth was ahle to announce to all like-minded with herself the 'redemption,' as distinguished from the political deliverance of Jerusalem. G. Miixioan.