LmRATTRR. — Moore, Judges, 20', crit. not« ; fJiesebrecht in 8t«de'» ZriUchrift, i. 243 I. On Sni; read llolzinger, ibid. ix. lO.'i f. Od itft/A^t ixjcAitr'a (Ac 193^), liamsay in Kxpos. 5th Ser. iii. 137 ff,
A. K. S. Kennedy.
ASSENT, the subst., in the archaic sense of accord or consent, occurs 2 Ch 18'^ ' the words of the proj)hets declare good to the king with one a.' (ns, KV ' mouth '). Cf. Carlyle, Paxt and Present, ' 'fravelling with one a. on the broad way.' The verb is found Ac 24' ' the Jews also a"" ' (TR am- iBtrro, edd. ffwfir^ffeiTo, liV ' joined in the churge').
J. HastiN(;s.
ASSESSOR. — An a. is one who sits beside a magistrate to act as his adviser. The word occurs only 1 Es 9'* KV, ' Mosollamus and Levis and Sabbateua were a' to them ' {avyeppdfievaav aiW-ois, lit. 'judged alongside of them'). The simple verb Pfa^fvoi, 'to act as uniidre, arbitrate,' occurs Col 3" ' Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts,' KVni ' arbitrate ' ; see Meyer and Lightfoot, in luc. The comi)Ound Karafipapfuu is found Col 2"" Let no man beguile (liV 'rob') you of your reward'; k. = 'to decide against one, and ' to decide against one unjustly,' hence ' to rob.' J. Hastings.
ASSHUR.— See Assyria.
ASSHURIM (D-TO'K). — An Arab tribe, descended from Abraham and Keturab (Gn 2.')'), whose identity cannot be traced. (Cf. Dillmann and Delitzsch I.e.). J. A. Sklhik.
ASSIDUOUS, only Wis 8" RV 'in a. commun- ing with her is understanding' (iv ffiryYu/uraffi? ifiMai, i.e. 'in constant exercise of fellowship.' The simple yvjj.va<ria is used 1 Ti 4* cuiianK^ y., ' bodily exercise '). J. Hastings.
ASSIR (TCK).— 1. A son of Korah (Ex 6", 1 Ch 6"). 2. A Bonof Ebiasnph (1 Che^"). 3. A son of Jeconiah (AV and KV'^m of I Ch 3"). It is prob., however, that MV correctly renders 'Jeconiah the captive ' {'VV). See Ox/, llcb. Lex. t.v.
J. A. Selbie.
ASSOCIATE.— Only Is 8», and there rellex., ' A. yoursel
AV, „ „... ,.; .^ ,., ...
' Make an uproar' ; though Oel. jircfers Vl"] ' to lie evil ' ; while Cheyne follows LXX, 71'wTf (i.e. <v^), 'take knowledge.' J.Hastings.
urselves, O ye peo|>le.' Ileb. \v^, not from 1;-; ' to
friendly,' 'combine together,' as Targ., Vulg.,
V, etc. ; but from Vl"! ' to make a noise,' RV
ASSOS Chaaoi), in the Roman province of Asia, was an ancient city on the 8. coast of the Troad, some miles E. of Cape Lectum ; the yEolic dialect was spoken in it ; and it was said to be an ^olic ( ilony. It was nlanted on a hill that rises
with a long steep assent from the water's edge and the natural strength was increased by walla which still stand in wonderfully good preservation. The sculptures of the temple o? Athena on the summit of the hill (most of which are now in Paris, the rest being in Constantinople and Boston, U.S.A.) are among the most important remains oi archaic Gr. art. The harbour of A., formed by ar artificial mole, was situated at the foot of the hili on which the city stood ; and beside it now clustei the houses of the modern village Behram. This harbour gave the citT considerable importance in the coasting trade of ancient times (Ac 20"), as le attested by its coinage, which begins early in the oth cent, (when the city was released from the Persian domination), and continues as late as A.D. 235. The importance of A. under the Pergamenian kings is shown by its re-foundation with the name Ajiollonia, a favourite Pergamenian name (Pliny, A'yy V. 123). The trade of great part of the S. Troad has passed through the harbour of A. at all periods of history. It was connected by a Roman road with Troas and the coast of the Troad generally, and the road from Troas to A. re- quired less time than the voyage round the long projection of Cape Lectum (Ac 20"). Wheat was extensively grown in the district, according to Strabo, p. 735 ; but valonia is the chief modern export.
LiTEttATURB.— The best account ol A. 1» by J. T. Clarke, Rtport on the Inv^atigatifnui at Aawit, Boston 1882. Many iiiacriptions are published bv Sterrett io Papert of American School at
Atunt, i. pp. 1-00. w. M. Ramsay.
ASSUR (2 Es 2«)= AssHim, Assyria.
ASSURE, ASSURANCE.— Assure in the sense of 'give conlidcnce to,' 'confirm,' is used in 1 ,)n 3'" ' hereby we know that we are of the truth, and shall a. our hearts before him' (ireiflui, lit. 'p«r- suade'). Cf. 2 Ti 3" 'Abide thou in the things which thou . . . hast been a''' of (Triaroui), and Ac 17" ' He hath j;iven assurance (i-Iotu) unto all men.' Assurance is RV tr. of uttoVtoitis (AV ' sub- stance'), He 11', a word of great importance in Gr. philosophy and Chr. theology, and which occurs in NT 2 Co 9*, KV 'conlidcnce ' ; 11" RV 'confidence ' ; He 1' RV ' substance ' ; 3" RV ' confidence.' ' Full a.' is the tr. of Tr\r,poipopla, Col 2», He 6" (RV ' fulness'), 10*" (RV ' fulness') ; but the same word is tr. 'much a.' in 1 Th 1*. A. is found also Wis ()'" ' the a. of incorruption ' {pepaluait dipOapalat). Cf. Ac IR'" 'assuredly gathering' (auMiS'/SafoiTtt, RV 'concluding'). J. HastiNQS.