BETOLION (B BeroKui, A B^r-, AV Betolius), 1 Es 5^. — 52 persons of this place returned from captivity with Zerub. (See Bethel.) Ezr 2-* has ' the men of Bethel and Ai ' 223, and the number 52 belongs to the next named place, Nebo. 1 Es has perhaps dropped a line in the Hebrew.
H. St. J. Thackkrat.
BETOMASTHAIM {BaiTofiairedxn, Jth 15^ AV Betomasthem) ; BETOMESTHAIM (BeTo/a«ff»a<M, 4', AV Betomestham). — Apparently N. of Bethulia and facing Dothan. There is a site called Deir Massin W. of the Dothan plain, but the antiquity of this name is doubtful. C. B. Conder.
BETONIM (D'jb?). Jos 13«.— In N. Gilead. The name may survive in that of the Butnn district, the extreme N. of Gilead.
BETRAYAL OF TRUST.— See Crimes. TROTHING.— See Marriage.
BE-
BETTER.— As a subst. ' one's betters," the word is not used in AV, but the adj. in Ph 2* shows how that expression arose : ' let each esteem other b. than themselves ' {l/irep^xom-at). The verb is found Mk 5^ ' was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse ' (».«. made better, lit. ' profited,' w(f>e\iu).
J. Hastings.
BETWEEN, BETWIXT.— ' Between ' was once used freely with a reflexive pronoun to express that which is confined to two (or more) persons. Thus Tindale's tr° of Jn 11" is ' and spake bitwene themselves ' (/xer' dXXiiXuc, AV ' among '). AV has Lk 23" ' they (Pilate and Herod) were at enmity b. themselves ' («-p6s iavroii TR, edd. mostly oi>roi/s) ; Ac 26" ' they talked b. themselves ' (Trpis (IXXtJXoi/s, RV ' they spake one to another ') ; Ro 1** ' to dishonour their own bodies b. themselves ' (iv iavToh TR, edd. mostly airrott ; see Sanday and Headlam in loc. ; RV ' among themselves '). We stUl retain the phrase ' b. ourselves ! '
Between and betwixt were for a long time inter- changeable ; the latter is now archaic or local. BetwLxt is used in Gn 17" 23" 26^ 30*' 31"- »• "• " 32", Job 9»» 36»», Ca I", Is 6', Jer 39*, 1 Mac 12" 16», Ph 1=». RV retains aU except Job 36" (see R V and Davidson in loc. ), and adds Job 4* ' B. morning and evening ' (AV ' from . . . to ').
J. Hastings.
BEULAH (Heb. niny? 'married' (of a wife)).— Is 62*-'. An allegorical name applied to Israel by the Deutero- Isaiah. She was no longer to be a wife deserted by God, as she had been during the Captivity, but married (1) to God, (2) by a strange application of the figure, to her own sons. In Hos 1. 2 the figure in its first application is re- versed. There it is used to point out the faithless- ness of Israel to her Spouse. F. H. Woods.
BEWAIL as a reflex, verb occurs only Jer 4"
'the dauRhter of Zion that b'"" herself ' (nj; [all], ' to breathe,' hithp. ' gasp for breath,' as RV). In Lk 8" 23" the meaning is ' to beat the breast in grief {Kdrrofuu, used without an obj. in Mt U" 'Je have not lamented,' RV 'did not mourn,' and 24*'). See Mourning. J. Hastings.
BEWITCH
BEZER
286
BEWITCH.— Ac 8* 'Simon . . . used sorcery, and b"* the people ' (iilm^iu, RV ' amazed ' as fre- iiuently, and a» A V in v."* ; but see Beside) ; bo 8". In tJal 3' ' O foolish Galatians, who hath b"^ yon ? ' (KV ' did b. you ? ') j the Gr. is /Sai/tad-u, ' to speak evil of,' next ' bring evO on,' and to, as here, ' lead into e\'il ' (see Lightfoot, ad loc.) ; it is used here only in NT, but in LXX Dt 28"- •• (for yn). Sir H*-'. Bewitching. — Wis 4" 'the b. of naughtiness' (^avKaria tpavX&nrrot, Vulg. fascinatio). It seems probable that in all these paijsages (as in 4 Mac 1* 2", ^(uritavla) the reference is more or less con- sciously to 'the evil eye' (cf. ^duxai/os for t:y in Pr 23' 28'"). See DIVINATION, EyK. J. HASTINGS.
BEWRAY, distinct in origin and meaning from ' betray,' is to reveal, disclose. Cf. Adams, TVarlcs, ii. 238 ' Well may he be hurt . . . and die, that will not bewray bis disease, lest be betray bis credit.' Pr 29** 'he heareth cursing, and bewray- eth it not' (KV 'he heareth the adjuration and nttereth nothing,* Tjn • shew,' ' tell ') ; 27" (KliJ ' proclaim,' so Rvm, but RV ' encountereth ' from K-;3 ' light upon ') ; Is 16* ' hide the outcasts ; b. not him that wandereth ' (n^j ' uncover,' ' reveal ' ; Amer. KV 'betray.' Sir 27" 'if thou b-« his secrets ' (aTo<toXi>TTu ; so 27") ; Mt 28™ ' thy speech b'"" thee ' {SijXii' at »««!, ' makes thee manifest '). Bewrayer, only 2 Mac 4' ' a b. of the money, and of his country' (ivSeiKntt, 'one who reveals,' RV ' who had given information of the money, and had betrayed his country '). J. HASTINGS.
BEYOND.— 1. This is in AV the occasional rendering of Heb. 15113 6eV6A«r, which, when attached to pn;^ ' the Jordan ' (as it always is, except Jg 11", 1 S 31', Jer 25**) assumes considerable criti- cal importance. In AV \-n'n ijy^ is tr'i ' beyond Jordan ' in Gn 50"- ", Dt 3»>- ", Jos 9" 13«, Jg 5" ; 'on this side J.' Dt 1»- » 3' 4«- *•■ ", Jos I'*- » 9' 12' 22'; ' on the other side J.' Dt 11*", Jos 2'" 7' 12' 22^ 24'- «■ '♦• ", Jg 10», 1 S 31' ; and 'on tin; side of J.' Jos 5'. RV gives • beyond J.' in every place. Again ■ays is used with l-n:n, Nn 22' 32'»- "• •» 34" 35'*, Jos 13»» 14» 17" 18' 22', Jg 7" : and the simple T?y Dt 4" (AV 'on this side'), Jos 13" (AV 'on the other side '). Now it is true that the plirase may equally well be tr. ' across J.' ; it is also true that it is used of either side of the Jordan (cf. Dt 3' east, with 3*'- " v>est) ; it even seems that ' beyond Jordan ' may be used of that side of the Jordan on which the writer himself stands (Joe 5' 9' 12') ; but the critical importance of the phrase lies in this, that wherever the author of Deut. speaks in his own person (as Dt 1'- " 4"- **■ *'• *») it refers to the country east of Jordan ; wherever Moses is introduced as the speaker (as Dt 3"- " 1 !*>) it refers to the west.' From which the conclusion is dra^vn that the author (at least of Deut.) must have lived after Moses' day, from whom he is careful to distinguish hiniNclf.