COIN.— See Money.
COL-HOZEH (nih-'?? 'seeing all').— A Judahite in time of Xehemiah (Neh 3" 11°).
COLIUS (A KiiXios, B Kd^os), 1 Ea 9».— See Calitas, Kelaiah.
COLLAR.— 1. The collars of Jg 8=« (rfs-pj) are golden ear-drops, KV pendants. 2. The ref. in Job 30'" is to the collar-band (nj) of the under- garment or coat [kcthuneth). In v." the symptoms of high fever ar<j pierced bones and gnawing pains ; hence in v.'" the complaint that his large outer- gannent or cloak (i?'3^), in which he vainly tried to >leep, had become so completely soaked through with the fever-sweats that it clung around him like tlie collar of his coat. It is frequently assumed that the reference is to Job's emaciated condition, which causes his outer garment to cling to him like the neck of the close-fitting inner tunic. Davitlson suggests that the idea may be that through Job's writhing under his pains Lis clothes are twisted lightly about him. Dillinann finds a reference to the unnatural swelling of Job's body V)V elcph.Tntiasis, till his garment becomes tight like a collar. G. M. Mackie.
COLLECTION occurs in AV of 2 Ch 24«- » as tr" of nN;;'T [nias'eth), and in 1 Co 16' as tr° of \oyla (login, a drr'. Xe7.) [all]. In OT the reference is to the tax prescribed in Ex 30'^- " (P), and IIV more suitably tr" 'tax.' The NT reference is to the collection made by St. Paul in the Gentile Churches for the poor at Jerusalem. KV retains the word and nUo substitutes 'collections' in v.* for AV 'gatherings' (where the same Gr. word occurs in the plur. \oyl<u). See COMMUNION 3, Triuute- MoNEV. J. A. Selbie.
COLLEGE (nj;'5; LXX 2 K 22" luiatyi; 2 Ch 34'^-' fj.ao.(java.l ; Zcph 1'" iitb riji Stirripas ; Vulg. in scciind^i). — This word properly denotes the 'second quarter' of the city; KV 'the second quarter,' m. 'Heb. Mishneh' — comp. AVra 'in the second part' j in 2 Ch ^i-' AVm. gives also ' the school.' I'lom Zeph 1'", where the term occurs again (AV 'the second'), it appears that this quarter of Jerusalem was not far from the Fish- gate, which lay on the north or north-west of the city (Neb '.¥ l^J'"). It was perhaps first enclosed within the walls in the time of Mana.sseh (2 Ch .33'^). Probably the 'second tiuarter ' lay to the west of the temple-mount, in the hollow between this and the northern portion of the western bill, the modern Sion. It would thus occuiiy the upper end of the Tyropccan Valley (comp. Jos. Ant. XV. xi. 5).
The Targ. Jonathan on 2 K 22'* rcmlers by n-j "<!/'"'■ •■'• ' hou.so of instruction.' This Jewish traill- tion is clearly the origin of the rendering ' college '
454
COLLOP
COLOSSIANS
ill the AV. It is doubtless due to the influence of tlie post-biblical Ileb. word Mishna, which, mean- ing originally ' repetition,' 5evT^pu(ns, came to signify the doctrine of the law, and especially the oral law. H. A. WuiTE.
COLLOP. — A collop is a slice of meat, but in Job lu-" • he . . maketh coUops of fat on his flanks,' it is used in the now obsolete sense (except in dialects) of ' a thick fold of flt'sh on the body as evidence of a well-fed condition.' Cf. Fuller, Worthies, i. lOfi, ' Fat folk (whose collops stick to tlieir sides) are generally lazy.' J. HASTINGS.
COLONY. — Colony (KoXwi/Io, a literal transcript of the well-known Latin designation) occurs in NT only at Ac 16'-, where it is applied to Philippi. The Roman colonies belonged to three periods and classes : (1) those of the earlier republic before 100 n.c. — the burgess and Latin colonies, which served a.s curb fortresses and influential centres of Roman authority in conquered or annexed territory ; (2) those of the Gracchan times — the agrarian colonies, provided as an outlet for the starving and clamorous proletariat of the capital ; and (3) those of the Civil wars and the Empire, termed military colonies, intended for the reception and settlement of soldiers dis- banded at the end of their service or at the close of war. While in the former classes the colony was initiated by a formal law (/ex), and carried out by a commission (generally of three), the later, or military colony, was established simply by the imperator, in the exercise of his imperium, nominating a legate to give effect to his will. To this latter class Philippi belonged. It had already received (as we learn from Strabo, vii. fr. 41) some- thing of this character after the defeat of Brutus and Cassius in tlie adjoining plain in the year 42 li.c. ; but its full organization as a colony was the work of Augustus, who, having to provide for his soldiers after the battle of Actiura (15.0. 31), gifted to them (as we learn from Dio Cassius, li. 4) cities and lands in Italy which had belonged to partisans of Antonius, and transferred most of the inhabitants thereby dispossessed to other quarters, esp. to Dyrrhachium and Philippi. The latter thenceforth bore, in inscriptions and on coins, the name Coloiiia Atiff. Jul. Philippi or Philippensis. The community thus constituted possessed (Dig. 50, tit. 15, sec. 8) the privileged position known to jurists as that of the ius Italicnm, which apparently carried, in addition to the right of freedom {libfirtas), and that of exemption from poll-tax and tribute (immnnitas'), the right of Imldiiig the soil in full ownership under the forms of Unman law (ex inre Quiritittni). (On the de- velopment of the Roman colonial system, see JIar(]iuirdt, Hamlh. iv. 427 ff., on the military colonies, pp. 449-50 ; and on Philippi in particular, Mommsen, CIL III. i. p. 120.)