A lighter shade of the .sjinio colour is expressed by the word reddish (o'^^'in), used of leprous spots on the tlesh Lv 13, or on the wall of a house Lv 14".
Scarlet (yi>'in, .-iv^^b, ")5», and very commonly nv'i'^B 'Vf, LX.X oni! NT ndxKivot. See also Crimson). — yS'in denotes t he source of t he colour, 'W the brilliance of it(cf. Pliny, 7/ A' xxxiii.40, 'Cocci nitor'; Martial, X. 70. ' cocco mulio ftUqet '). It is an artilicial colour
458
COLT
CUMFOKT
ol)t;iined from the female of an insect {Coccus ilicis) which is found attaclied to a species of oak, and forms a berry-like protuberance about the size of a cherry-stone. It was found chietly in Palestine, Asia Minor, and South Europe. The poor of Spain at the time of I'liny paid half their tribute by means of this insect (//A xvi. 12). In OT scarlet is used chiefly of thread (Gn 38^- «», Jos 2'8- "). cloth (Nu 4*, 2 S 1**), and wool (He 9"). In the coverings of the tabernacle it was used sometimes alone Nu 4', oftener with purple and blue Ex SG'- " etc. So also in the dress of the priests Ex 28' etc., cf. Sir 45". In ordinary life scarlet clothing was a sign of prosperity 2 S 1", Pr 31=', La 4". Its brilliance made it a source of attraction Jer 4*^, and led to the figurative use for what was glaring Is 1". (Jnce only it is used of a natural object, when the lips are compared to a thread of scarlet Ca 4'.
Sorrel (piy) occurs once of horses in Zee 1', where LXX translates by xj/aabs, 'dappled grey,' cf. 6» (LXX).
Vermilion (Heb. li^, Gr. ^i/Xtos [but iv ypa(plSi in Ezk]). — A pigment used among the Assyrians (for refl'. see Smith, DB i. 623). Rooms were painted with it Jer 22", images of the Chaldaians are por- trayed on a wall with it in a description in Ezk 23", and wooden idols are smeared with it in Wis IS". The Vulg. translates by sinopide in Jer, colorihus in Ezk, and rubrica in Wis. Virgil (Eel. X. 26 f.) and Vlmy (HN xxxv. 45, cf. xxxiii. 36) describe Roman Images of deities thus adorned.
White. — In OT the most usual word employed is p^, LXX \eu)t65. It is used of such objects as snow Is 1'*, milk Gn 49'^, manna Ex 16", horses Zee 1' 6'- ', and leprous hair Lv 13. Lebanon seems to have received its name either from the white snow on its summits or the limestone of which it was composed (see Delitzsch, Wo lag das Paradies, p. 103). In Ca 5'° the word ns 'white' (RV) denotes dazzling, and in Dn 7" a late word "i;n is used of raiment. The same root is used in tlie word translated ' white bread ' Gn 40". In NT Xeusis is used of natural objects and of linen, but chiefly as the symbol of purity or innocence and holiness, as in the Transfiguration, or of angels Jn 20'^, etc., the saints Rev 6", or the throne of God Rev 20", or of victory Rev 6^ 19"- " (cf . Virgil, Aen. iii 537 L).
Yellow (dYij, fai-fllfowa) is used in OT only of tlie hair in leprous sores Lv is^o-sa. S6 (jjyj ggg Greenish). In Est 1' the word -q tv^ • yellow ' in KV, ' alabaster ' in RVm, probably means ' pearl ' or ' mother-of-pearl' (Ox/. Heb. Lex. and Ges-Buhl under -q).
In addition to the words denoting specific colours, there are a few used in OT to indicate a mixture, generally of black and white. The chief of these are : I. Speckled I'p.;, literally dotted or si)otted, used of slieep and goats, Gn 30. 31. In Jer 12' it is used of birds and is a tr. of yoy, lit. ' dyed.' 2. Spotted Ni'??, i.e. covered with patches, Gn 30. The same Heb. word is used in Ezk 16" of high placee, and is translated in RV ' decked with divers colours.' 3. Ringstraked npi', marked with rings or bands Gn 30. 31. 4. Grisled nn;, marked with white spots resembling hail, used of he-goats Gn 31">", of horses Zee 6»- «.
In .Ig 5** the word n'vis is tr. ' of divers colours ' in RV, or ' dyed garments ' in RVm (cf. also under Speckled). The word ncp-i is tr. 'of divers colours ' in 1 Ch 29% of precious stones, similarly in Ezk 17' of feathers. In other places it is gener- ally translated ' broidered work.' It is derived from a root which, according to Fleischer, origin- ally meant to make a thing many-coloured by engraving, drawing, writing, or broillering.
G. W. Thatcher.
COLT is not applied in the Bible to the young
horse, but to the young ass, and once (Gn 32") to the young camel. Outside the Bible it is not applied to the 3'oung of any animal but the horse See Ass. J. HASTINGS.
COME. — 1. Come about, i.e. 'come round,' either lit. 2 Ch 13" '.Jeroboam caused an ambusliment to c. about behind them' (nri) ; or fig. 1 S 1'-^" 'when the time was c. about' (D'n;ri nisj^S on the return of the days). 2. Come again, i.e. 'come back' (see Again), as Jg 15" ' when he had drunk, his spirit came a. and he revived' (n's*). 3. Come at, (1) ' come near,' ' reach,' Dn 6'-'' ' the lions had the mastery of them, and brake all their bones in pieces or ever they came at the bottom of the den' ; Lk 8" ' they could not c. at him for the crowd ' ; (2) 'come near,' 'touch,' Nu 6' 'he shall c. at no dead body ' (RV ' c. near to ') ; (3) so as to have sexual intercourse. Ex 19" ' c. not at your wives ' (RV 'c. not near a woman'). 4. Come by, 'come near,' esp. so as to get bold of, Ac 27" ' we had much work to c. by the boat' (RV, ' we were able, with difficulty, to secure the boat') : cf. Pref. to AV 'Translation it is . . . that removeth the cover of the well, that we may c. by the water ' ; and Shaks. Two Gent, of Ver. in. i. 125—