The usage of the word in NT is very simpie. We read of the cllgiiplos of John the Baptist (Mk 2"), of the Pharisees (same place), of Moses, Jn O"* (only by way of contrast to .le.sus), but most of all of Jesus, to whose disci]ilcs, in fact, the subst. is almost entirely, and the verb entirely, limited. The word maintains its classical connota- tion of comnliance with the instruction given : the
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DlSClPLIiSIK
DISHON
^aO^r is not only ap«Pt? but an "dherevt{^e<, Cremer Bib. Theol. Lex.; cf. Xen. Mem. 1. 6.3, where ^a.™a are called the >^^>^nrai .imUators. oithe^v 5.o<ir«aXos ; so Jn 8". ' // ye abide ,n "'? "'"^f./,^^ are ve tn'l'J "'V disciples,' cf. .15'). Hence it M avph^ed .no.l 4- to the Twelve in all i'^^^^^l'.
sii-elimes with «-f"- ^"'^.^^J^f^V'^^grLk S'' thev are 'the disciples," Mt IC 12', Mk »". /« » • Jn 3>» Mt seems, indeed, to confine the plural to them (Weiss), unless 8- and 5' ^ ^^\%^'^^^ When it denotes the wider circle, as in Lk (par- ticuirrly 6- 7"), it has the same sense of ad''^"^- Hence it stands, occasionally in Gospels (Mt 10", taken with 18») and invariably in Ac, as a syno- n™ fo" -..tt^^Lk, a believer (cf. Anstot n.pi ao0. °X^. 1610 3-SerT.aT.Oa. rhv ^avBivovra, thejea^^r isT^nd to have faith), even where, ^ J° ^c 19 . the word is applied to half-instructed believers who while belFeVing apparently in Jesus as greater Than John the Baptist, were f ^1 <<« .\t ««f "?^' "^ Bure that Je-sus was absolutely the Me.s.ah and that thev had not to ' look for another (Jit 11 ). So also, qui^ distinctly, with the verb ^u^S^e..- fthree toes in Mt, once in Ac) wiiich .. once ntrans (Mt 27"), t^vice trans. Mt 28'», Ac 14 ), Sid onceCnenM?) (Mt IS'Swhere in accorda^^^^^ with the usual dative construction, the vhrase 7gni&Ta disciple of th^ kingdmnof ^ven personified). (See Meyer and Meyer-Weiss^^^^^
DISCIPLINE.-* Discipline' ia properly instruc- tion that which belongs to tne drsctpulusOT^ scholar, and U distinguisned ^f^°°? ' d»f "°^^ which pertains to the doctor or teacher In this inse\^-yclif (1382) ^ves Pr ^ 'Thou shalt finde CTacl an^ good discipline (1388 ' teching ) befor ?od and m^en'; and Chaucer <Skeat's btudents «i n 716), ' Thanne shaltov. anderstonde, that ^'diFy peyne stant in disciplyne oj ,tecl""S«;^^^y word or by -vvrytinge, or in ensample But under The influence of the Vulg. and tde Church, ' d^- cipline- came early to ^.^^^i'^' '"^^C'^^TAmv In Pr 3" Wye ha« 'the d^«"P^« "Ig^J^lJ^^lT^ Bone, ne caste thou awey.' See CHASTISEMENT.
In AV whether -discipUne- me»n. Instruction or ^^t«e^ rneSt i^istot e«y.,w|ltp deci^ U --^J*„^1«S openeth also their f" <"/ '"TZ Heb has nowhere else this
[hrii. He 121>.«-8-: «e Kennedy. Sourc« «/ J; ^jj'^«*j'/c,s '"
DISCOMFIT, DISCOMFITURE.-From du^Wt and conficere to mit together. U> 'discomfit is to nndo destroy. Both words, now archaic if not Xol'ete. are°Ilways used in AV of defeat in battle^ Is 31« being a mistrans. for • become liable to
orced service.' Cf. More, Utopi^_ (Rob tr ), p 140: 'if al their whole armie be discumfeted and overcum' ; and Chaucer, Knight s Tale, loO- ' After the bataille and disconflture.'
RV Introducee 'discomfit' for '. J^^trov,' Ex 23"
Pa 144« (a,n). Dt 7" (°") ' f"^.;^™"^b,AV • de- (jjn); and 'discomfiture.' Dt ,», 1 S 5 (AV ae Btruciion'), Dt 28* (AV 'vexation'), Is ^-^MAV •trouble ').'the Heb. being always y^^^^'^;;'^;^-
DISCOVER.-In mod Eng. 'to discover ' is 'to detect,' • find out,' which is a late use of the >vord^ The meanings in AV are: 1. Lncoyer. 'ay hare (the primary sense, lit. ' U, Uke oH the cover, Ir dfclrHr), i>8 29« 'The voice of tlie Lori . . . dis- covereth the forests' (^."n, HV ' stnppeth bare I do not understand thi. of stni.ping the fol age merely, but rather of the breaclies and ojienings S by the lightning and the wind in the heart
of the wood '-Earle, Psalter of 1539, p. 2,1) ; Ezk Ui" • Before thy wickedness was discovered ; Hos "'» ' now will I d. her lewdness in the sight of her lovers' ; 7' 'the iniquity of Ephraim was dis- co'vered" Sir' 1- Exalt^ot thysef lest hou^faU ... and 80 God d. thy secrets (RV reveal , 11" 'his deeds shall be discovered (RV the revelation of his deeds'). Cf. Knox, H^st. p. 182, ' WWch God of his infinite goodness hatfi now discovered to the eyes of aU that list to behold ; and p. 250. ' who ra'shly discovering ^^^^^^^^^^ Trenches, was shot in the head. 2. VVituaraw (Vpoken of the cover itself, so as t« uncover), Job 41" 'who can d. the face of his garment? mV 'strip off his outer garment '-see Davidson ■!; /„/r^8 "^" 'he discovered the covering of j"udah''(RV 'took away',; Jer 13^ ( = Nai;3V J will d. thy skirts upon thy face. So B^^on, A-eio Atlanta 129: 'At the beginnina he discovered 4e face of the deep, and brought lorth dry land ; Chapman, Hesiod, i. 161 —
' When the woman the unwieldy lid Had once discover-d. aU the misene* hid
. . dispersed and tiew About the world.'
3. Disclose or reveal, 1 S U" 'we wUl d- on«elvea unto them': 22' 'when Saul heard that DaMd ^a^discOTered' (y^^) 'made known,' 'revealed ) ; rbl^'Hediscl;vereth deep things out of dark- n^i'; Pr 25» 'd. not a f"<=tto another (RV 'disclose not the secret of another ); bir b ii , 1 Mac 7- when he saw that his ~el w^ dis- covered' {iircKaKixpBr,, 'made known, /evealea, not 'found out') ; 2 Mac 6" ' others that ha^ run to<rether into caves near by, to keep the babbatu sefret IV bein.' discovered U> Philip, were all burnt to^ethe;' (R^ 'betrayed'). Cf. Bacon, Essays, ^^7 'For Prosperity doth best discover Vice ; But Adversity doth best discover Vertue ; and Shaks. Merry Wives, II. u. 190—