E. appears to have been a disciple or political ally of tlie prophet Isaiah, who predicts in glowing terms his succession to the office of prefect in place of his unworthy predecessor (Is 22-"''). At his institution lie is to be invested with long tunic and girdle, the insignia [uoper to his office, and is to receive as prime minister the title of ' Father ' of the kingdom (v.a', cf. Gn 45», 1 Mac 11'"). In figure, if not literally, as part of the ceremony of institution, the key of the house of David is said to be laid on his back, i.e. he is to act with full powers as the king's vizier or representative (v.'", quoted as a Messianic type Rev 3' ; cf. Mt 16"). At Sennacherib's invasion of Judaea, B.C. 701, Isaiah's prediction has come to fullilment, and E. appears as prefect, while Shebna holds merely the lower office of scribe.
The last two vv. of the prophecy (Is 22"-*') are involved in considerable obscurity.
(o) Most obviously ' the nail tliat was fastened in a sure place,' v.^, must refer, as in v.", to E., whose fall will result from the abuse of his Iiigh position by the undue exercise of nepotism (v.**, the vessels large and small denote the various members of his family of greater or less ini|)ortance. '?3 n'l^?, RV 'all the glory,' is rendered by Delitzsch ' the whole heai-i/ lot '). Such a iirediction, however, is scarcely consistent with tlie enthusiasm of w.*'' *■, HUp]iosiiig the whole prophecy to have been written down by Isaiah at one sitting, either prior to E.'s elevation ((Jitlli), or 'after the fate of Doth dignitaries, revealed to liim at two difl'erent times, had found its fuUihnenl' (Delitzsch). If, therefore, yy a4.a» refer to E., we must conclude (Hitzig, Cheyne) that they were jienned subsequently to the former part of the prophecy, whether by Isaiah himself, or ijy some other lianu.
(6) Gesenius, Ewald, Driver, Dillniann consider the 'nail' of v.^ to be dillerent from that of v.", and to refer back to Shebna, whose fall is to take place 'in that day,' i.e. simultaneously with the rise of E.
2. The orig. name of Jehoiakim, king of Judah,
686
ELIALI
ELIEZER
which see (2 K 23'* = 2 Ch 36*). 3. A priest who took part in the dedication of the wall of Jems, under Nehemiah (Neh 12"). i. 5. In Mt 1" and in Lk 3*"- " ; ancestors of our Lord (.see Genealogy). C. F. Burney.
ELIALI (A'EXiaXd, B 'EJiaXris), 1 Es O*".— The name either corresponds to Binnui in Ezr 10^ or Is unrepresented there.
ELIAM (oySx ' God is kinsman ' ; 'KXirfjS, BA in 2 S IP, and B in 2 S 23", where A has Oile\m0).* —1. Father of Bath-sheba, whose iirst husband was a Hittite, 1 8 11M = 1 Ch 3', where Eliara is called Anuniel ; see below). Eliam himself, therefore, may have been a foreigner. 2. Son of Ahithophel the Gilonite, and one of David's heroes. It is not impossible that this Eliam is the same as tlie pre- ceding, but there is no evidence that such was the ca,se (2 S 23**). The omission of the name from the parallel list in 1 Ch 11 is probably due to textual corruption. See Driver, Samuel, note on 2 S 23**.
G. B. Gray.
ELIAONIAS (A 'E\iowr(as, B 'EXiaXwWaj), 1 Es 8". — A descendant of Phaath-moab, who returned from Babylon with Esdras. In Ezr 8* Eliehoenai.
ELIAS.— See Elijah.
ELIASAPH (nD;^>t 'God has added,' 'EXi<r<i0).— 1. Son of Deuel, and prince of Gad at the first census (Nu 1" 2» 7*- ■" lO** P). 2. Son of Lael, and prince of the Gershonites (Nu 3^" P).
ELIASHIB [3ir;^N 'God will (or, does) bring back (or, restore).' In LXX the most frequent forms are 'EXenrov^ (B), 'EXuroO^ (K A), 'EXfio(re(/9 (N B), 'EXio(re(;3 (AB)]. — A popular name after the ExUe ; perhaps, in spite of I Ch 24'^ it was not in use in preexUic times. The persons of this name mentioned in OT are — 1. The high priest who was contemporary with Nehemiah. He was son of Joiakim, grandson of Jeshua the son of Jozadak, the contemporary of Zerubbabel (Neh 12'°, Ezr 3>), and father of Joiada (Neh 12" 132»). He assisted in the rebuilding of the walls of Jerus. during Nehemiah's governorship (Neh 3'). He can have had no sympathy \vith the exclusive policy of Ezra and iJehemiali, for both he himself and members of his family allied themselves with the leading foreign opponents of Neheni iah { Neh 2'"). The exact nature of Eliashib's own alliance with Tobiah the Ammonite is not stated (Neh 13*), but a son of his son Joiada, during the period of Nehemiah's recall to the Pers. court, married a daughter of Sanballat the Horonite, and was in consequence driven away by Nehemiah on his return (Neh 13^). This, combined with the ex- pulsion of Tobiah from the temple-chamber pro- vided for him by E. (Neh 13*"-), must have created, even if it had not existed before, an open schism between E. and Nehemiah. Cf. furtlier below (No. 7), and Kyle's notes on the passages cited above in the Cam. Bible ed. of Ezr-Neh. 2. A singer of the time of Ezra, who had married a foreign wife (Ezr 10"), called in 1 Es 9^ Eliasibus. 3. An Isr. of the family of Zattu (Ezr 10", in 1 Es