The genealogy Hur, Uri, Bezalel ia an evident insertion from Ex 312, and is out ot place in a scries of gentilic and geographi* cal names or relationships.
37. Shobal (36) : Haroeh (Reaiah, 2 Ch 4'), half Menuliotli, 1 Ch 2^'.
Haroeh (~^^n) is prob. textual error tor Reaiah (n.'^n) s. Shobal In 1 Ch 42. On halt .Mcniihoth see note on (39). Uf these families nothing further is known.
38. Kiriath-joarim families (36) : Ithrito.><, I'lith- ites Shuuiiithites, Mibhraile», Zorathites, K-shtaol- ites, 1 Ch 2".
The Puthites, Shumathltee, and Mishraltes are not mentioned eNewhere. To the Ithrites lielonge<l two of l)a\ id'n heroes, Ira and (iarcb (2 S '2338, 1 Ch 114°). The Zorallules and Ijih- tiiolites are properly the gentilic naiiies of the inhubitanU ot Zorah and l-jthtaol. These are placwi suN>nllnate to the ilishraites or the other taniilie»(l Ch -i'.^). Z*>rali in mentioned in Neh W", and iu people as Zorites a^-ain ap|«rcull)' to 1 Ch 2»4 (39).
128
GENEALOGY
GENEALOGY
39. Salma (36): Bethlehem, Netophatlutes,Atroth- beth-Joab, half Manahathites, Zorltes, Tirathites, Shimeathites, Sucathites, 1 Ch 2^'-.
Salma is evidently identical with the reputed f. Boaz (16). Tlie Netophathitcs (Neh 1228) were inhabitants of Netophuh (Kzr 222, fseh 7'^), probably a village near Bethlehem. Atroth- beth-Joab is probably the same as the valley of the craftsmen (NehllM). Of theManahathitesnothingisknown. They('rinjD) are probably the same as the Menuhoth (37) (n\n^p) (Ki. has 'nn3D in v.W). The statement that the Tirathites (D'ri:;f)n), Shimeathites (D'ru'D'^'), and Sucathites (D'n?'t?) were families of scribes which dwelt at Jabez (v,W), clearly proves that we have post-ex. material in our Usts, for scribes" are unknown before this period. The Vulg. saw in the families three different classes of religious functionaries : canentcs, resonante^, et in tahemaculis commoranUs. Be. allows a similar derivation, except that he regards the first class as door-keepers (Aram. Vin = Heb. lyv* door or gate). We. (p. 30 f.) finds underlying the three names nyin a technical term for sacred music, nj^^y* the Halacha or sacred tradition, and npiir, which he connects with Vulg., and Be. with npiD ' booth,' cf. Lv 2334. Ges. Lcz.H derives the last two names from unknowii places, Ke. inter- prets as dcscrndants from Tira. Shimei and Suchah. For their connexion with Kenites see Kenites.
40. Reaiah (37) : Jahath, Ahumai, Lahad, 1 Ch 4^
The liBt<J (40>-(''>'^) from 1 Oh 41-20 « look almost like a gathering of genealogical pebbles roll€<l together from various quarters, consisting of older and younger parts that are kept together only by the common connexion with the tribe of Jtidah' (Zoe.). Several of the leading * fathers ' are Calebites, i.e. Shobal, Hur, Ashhur, Chelub, Kenaz, Othniel, and Caleb. Hence the lists represent members of that clan, and Caleb should be substituted for Carmi in v.l (\Ve. Ivi. Zoe.). NMiether the names and relationships reflect pre-exilic conditions or post-exilic is difficult to determine. Ki. regards the passage, with the ex- ception of v.l and a few phrases noted below, as from the older sojrces of Ch. along with 226-33.42-45. 47. 4y. We.'s view is simi- lar, that in the main pre-ex. conditions are reflected. Be. held, on the other hand, from the mention of a number of the names in the histor>' given in Ezr and Neh, that we have a classification of tlie tribe of Judah actually made in the time between Zerut'babcl and Ezra, so that these apparently' broken and in- coherent genealogies were plain to the readers of the time of the Chronicler. The view of We. and Ki. is more probable. \Ve have, then, an old list of Calebites edited to bring it into greater harmony with the later times. Reaiah, cf. (37), occurs in a Reubenite pedigree 1 Ch 5^, and as a family name among the returned with Zcrubbabel Ezr 247, Neh 1^^. Jahath is a frequent Levite name (1 Ch 620.43 23i0f. 2422, 2 Ch 3412). Ahumai and Lahad are mentioned only here. These are all called families of the Zorathites (v.2b ace. to Ki. is from a later hand), cf. (38), I Ch 163.
41. Hur? f. Etam: Jezreel, Ishma, Idbash, d. Hazzelelponi, Penuel f. Gedor, Ezer f. Husbah, 1 Ch 4«'-.
The MT of v.Sa is defective (D^'y *2t? nW 'these are f. of Etam ')• RV supplies ' sons,* i.e. Jezreel, etc., are ss. of father of Etam. Ki. inserts 'sons of Hur' ("Hn 'J?), but the 'sons of Hur' (v.4b) must include (40) as well as (41). LXX (also Kau.) has. 'These are the sons of Etam' {oZrot vie) A'lrxf/.). Etam is a village near Bethlehem ; possibly another place of the same name may be found near Hebron (see art. Etam). Jezreel and Gedor are towns of S. Judah (Jos 15^6. bS). Two heroes of David's guard are mentioned as Hushites (2 S 21l** 2327, l Ch 1129 204 2711), but the location of Hushah is unknown. Penuel, a personal or gentilic name, is otherwise unknown. It cannot be associated with the Penuel E. of the Jordan. Ezer may be the same as Ezrah (53). Of Ishma and Idbash and Hazzelelponi, mentioned only here, nothing is known. The last should be rendered 'the Zelelponites' ('J'i3'7'?>'n=:'ai37':^ with art.)- The words in v. 46 * firstborn . . . Bethlehem ' are according to Ki. from a later hand.
42. Ashhur (Hur) f. Tekoa {35'^) : (m. Naarah) Ahuzzam, Hepher, Temeni, Haahashtari, (m. Helah) Zereth, Izhar (Zohar, RVm), Ethnan, 1 Ch 4'*-'.