The birket measures 100 ft. by 84, outside mea-surenieiit, with walls 32 in. thick, constructed of roughly-hewn small stones, apparently without cement. North of the pool may be traced lines of similar masonry, covering, acconliiig to the present writer's observations, a space 300 yards long, and apparently representing the foundations of three constructions, ("onder sees here the ruins of a monastery. South and east of the pool there are 25 mounds, scattered irregularly over an area i of a mile square.* These are all small, the largest measuring about 50 ft. in diameter and 10 ft. in height. Two of these mounds show sujierlirial traces of ruins, the rest being mere heaps of earth. Ganneau excavated two: the first revealed pot- tery, tesserie, and glass, the second merely sand. • For plan ico p. 182, PBFSt, 1894. VOL. II. — 13
Conder recovered from the natives a tra<liti»n which connected this site with a City of Bra.s8, taken from the infidels by a great Im.'im, who rode around the city and blew at the walls, which fell. Conder thus sums up (Hem. PEF, vol. iii. p. 173) : Birket Jiljalieh appears to be the early Christian site ; there is nothmg against it« being the original one.
2. Another Gilgal is mentioned in 2 K 2' and 4" in the history of Elijah and Elisha. From 4*" we cannot assume that it was a seat of a school ol prophets, as these may have come from Bethel (cf. 2'). There is a large modern village called Jiljilte, on the top of a high hill, about 8 miles N. vV. of Bethel, from which it is separated by the great Wady el-Jib (J/ent. PEF, vol. ii. p. 290). It is 450 ft. lower than Bethel, but the descent into this valley may account for the statement that Elijah and Elisha went daiim to Bethel. This expression rules out the Gilgal of the Jordaa valley.
3. In Jos \1^ the king of the Nations of (RV Goiim in) Gilgal (Sj^J' cnrTiJ'j, LXX Veel r^t TaXti- Xa/as, adopted by Dillm.) is named among the conquered kings, in the ])art of the enumeration following the maritime plain from north to south. The name occurs immediately after Dor, the modern Tantura. About .30 miles S.S.E. of Tuntura there is the modern village of Jiljiilieh, which may be on the site of this Gilgal. F. J. BLibS.
GILOH (1^3). Driver [Text of Sam. p. 241] {loints out that tlie gentilic 'iVj implies that the original form was [Sj, from the root ^'i or "ju, not from ">^;). — A city in the .southern hills of Juilah (.los 15"), the birthplace of Ahithophel the Gilonite, the famous counsellor of David (2 S 1 5''^ 23'-'). Its site is uncertain. There is a ruin called Jtfild on the hills N.W. of Hebron. See SIl'P, vol. iii. sh. xxi. C. R. Conder.
GIMEL (J).— The third letter of the Heb. alpha- bet, and as such used in the 119th I'.salm to designate the 3rd part, each verse of which begins with this letter. It is transliterated in this Dictionary by g.
GIMZO Cic? ; cf. Assyr. proper name Gamuzanu [Pinches, Hehraica, July 1886, p. 222)).— A town noticed with Aijalon and other places on the border of Philistia (2 Ch 28"). It is the moilern Jimzu near Aijalon. See SWP, vol. iii. »h. xvii.; Robinson, BHP' ii. 249; Baedeker-Socin, Pal. 21. C. R. CONDEII.
GIN.— Two Heb. words are so tr* in AV : (1) nj /mk in Job 18», Is 8", and B»pSD nMe.y/i. in Ps 14i>» 141», Am 3», Job 40" AVm. The usual tr° of both words is ' snare.' As Driver shows, however (Joel and Amos, on Am 3'), the pah is the snare, the m6kt'.ih something without which the snare is useless, perhaps the briit. See Snahk.
In the 1611 ed. of AV the word is spelt 'ginne ' in Is 8", Am 3», Job 40»*" ; bnt in Job 18", Ps 140* 111" the spelling is ' grinne.' 'Grinno' was changed in 1613 to ' grill ' ; Dr. Paris in his ed. of 1762 cait out the r, and the word has been 'gin' ever since. Hut 'gin' and 'grin' are not the same, 'lirin,' from Anglo-Sax. grin or nryn, has many forms \r Middle-Kng. (Wyclifs Bible, 1382, shows grene, grrine, gryn, gn/nne), and does mean a 'trap. 'Gin' is probably a contraction of 'engine' (I'l engin), which comes from Lat. ingeiiiiim and is used of any ingenious c(mtrivance. A trap, how- ever, is a niiilrivance, ami so the words got mixe<? in s)>elling and in meaning.
In early writers 'gin' is used both abstractly of a contrivance, device, and concretely of an instru-
178
GINATH
GIVE
111 en t contrived for war, torture, or the like. Thus Piers Plowman, (B) .\viii. 250 —
' For gj'gas the geaunt with a gynne en^j-ned,' that is, ' For Gigas the giant \vith a contrivajice contrived ' ; Spenser, FQ II. iii. 13 —
* \\'hich two, tlirough treason and deceiptfuU gin. Had siaine Sir Mordant and his lady bright.*
As an iastrument of torture, FQ I. v. 35 — ' Typhoeus joynta were stretched on a gin.* The word'grin' by and by went out of use, and 'gin' became restricted to the meaning of trap or snare. T. Puller, Holy Warre, v. 1 (p. 247), says, ' Now Satan, the master-juggler, needeth no wires or ginnes to work with, being all ginnes himself ; so transcendent is the activity of a spirit.' It was s|iccially applied to snares for birds, as T. Adams, Wiirlc:, i. 7, 'For hunting, they have nets ; for fowling, gins ; for fishing, baits ' ; and iii. 17, ' In the air, tue birds fly higli above our reach, yet we have (fins to fetch them down.' J. HASTINGS.