(2) To spread abroad : 1 Ch 14" ' And the fame of David went out into all lands ' ; Est 9* ' For Mordocai was great in the king's house, and his fame went out throughout all the provinces' (ni'i.i, KV ' went forth '). (3) In reference to war, the plira.se assumes a highly technical sense, so much so that ' to go out ' standing alone may lie under- stood to mean ' to go out to make war.' Take the foil, pa.ssages in order : Nu 22'= (the Angel of the LoKI) to IJahiam) ' behold, I went out to withstand thee ' ; Dt 2,S=» ' thou shalt go out one way against tiiem, and lleo seven ways before them ; Jg 2" ' Wliithersoevcr they went out, the h.ind ol tho Loltl) was against them for ovil ' ; Jg 5' ' LoRl>, when thou weiitest out of Seir, when thou niarchedst out of the field of E<lom, the earth trembled ' (see Moore, who holds the ref. to Iw to the biilll.' just fought) ; 2tl' 'Then all the children of Israel went out' ; 1 S 8* ' Nay, but wo will have a king over U8 . . . that our king luay judge u»
194
GO
GOAD
and go out before us, and fight our battles' ; 18' 'And David went out whitliersoever Saul sent huu (KVm ' went out ; whithersoever Saul sent liini, he behaved himself wisely'); 1 K 2^" 'So the king commanded Benaiah tlie son of .lohoiada ; which went out and fell upon him [Shimei], that he died ' ; 1 Ch 20' ' at the time that kings go out ' (both VSS add ' to battle ' in italics) ; Is 52''' ' For ye shall not go out with haste, nor go by flight' ; and Am 5' ' The city that went out by a thousand shall leave an hundred.' (4) Another half-technical sense, which is in danger of being confused witli the last, is found when ' go out ' means ' go out of bondage,' mostly in reference to the exodus from Egypt or to the jubilee release. The chief references to the exodus are Ex 12^' 14', Nu 33^, Ps 114' ; to the jubilee release. Ex 21"'"- ', Lv 2u'* ao. 81. 83. w 0721^ f i,g fuller expression ' go out free ' occurring Ex 2r''- '• " ; 2K 13' refers to the deliver- ance from the Syrian o]ipression ; and Is 55'^ to the return from the Babylonian Captivity, with no doubt a fuller entrance into Messianic blessing. (5) By a peculiar Heb. idiom the ' border ' or ' coast ' of a territory is said to ' go out,' that is, ' proceed onward ' to such a place. So frequently in Jos 15. 16 and elsewhere, the verb nj; being generally rendered ' go out ' and n^v ' go up.' But notice especially the subst. nsit'in denoting the end or ex- tremity of a boundary line, generally used in the plu. and tr'' ' goings out,' but ' outgoings ' in Jos 179. 18 igis 1914. 2i. 29. B ^vhich RV turns into ' goings out.' (6) Go out means 'proceed from ' in Lv lO'-' ' And there went out a fire from the Lord ' ; Jer 21'- ' lest my fury go out like fire ' (n>ti"I;) ; Mk 5*' = Lk 8'* 'And Jesus, immediately knowing in himself that virtue had gone out of him ' (Ty\v {( avToO Sivaiuv i^eK0ouaav) ; Lk 6" 'there went virtue out of him and healed them all ' (Trap aiVou i^iipxero, RV ' came forth from him'); 2' 'And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Coesar Augustus ' (iiriKOev). Cf. Jer 44" Cov. ' what so ever goeth out of oure owne mouth, that wUl we do.' (7) 'Go out' implies religious separation in Is 52", Jer 51", 1 Jn 2'". (8) ' Go out of the way ' in Ro 3'^ means to ' go astray ' (iravm iiiK\iva.v, RV ' They have all turned aside '). See go the way, below.
20. Go to: This obsolete expression, which is found 11 times in AV, seems to have been intro- duced by Tindale, who uses it in other places, as Dt 2** ' Goo to and conquere and provoke him to batayle '; 2" ' goo to and conquere, that thou mayest possesse his londe.' Abbott (Shakespearian Gram- mar, p. 122) says that the ' to ' has an adverbial force, as in ' to and fro ' ; and as ' go ' in Elizabethan English meant motion generally, not necessarily motion /,-om, 'go to ' meant little more than our stimulative ' come.' This is practically how Johnson e.xpiains the phrase — ' Come, come, take the right course,' spoken sometimes sarcastically, sometimes encouragingly. In Shakespeare it is always an exclamation, expressing either scorn, as Winter's Tale, I. ii. 182—
' Go to, go to I How she holds up the neb, the bill to him ! ' ; or disapproval, as Macbeth, V. i. 51 — ' Go to, go to : you have known what you should not' ; or merely dismissal, as Merry Wives, I. iv. 165 — ' But, indeed, .she is given too much to allicholly and musing. Bu' for you— well, go to' ; or even encouragement. Merry Wives, II. i. 7 — 'You are not young, no more am I : go to then, there's sympathy ; always, however, mixed with impatience. But if 'go to' is a mere exclamation in Shaks. and Elizabethan English generally, it is often more than that in AV, for it must not be forgotten that AV represents a much earlier stage of English than its date of 1611. There it is (except perhaps in Ja) a verb in the imperative, and expresses lively encouragement.