HABAZZINIAH (n:;x3q). — The grandfather of Jaaz.aniah, one of the Kechabites who were put to tlie proof by the prophet Jeremiah (Jer 35').
HABERGEON (np-^ shirynh), Job 41».— Obsolete e.xpre.ssion (dim. of ' hauberk,' which is formed from Old Norse hnls neck, and berrjan to cover) for ' coat of 3iuil ' (skiryan). In E.\- 28" 39^ the hi"h priest's robe is compared to a habergeon (Heb. K^-n tahrff) in that it wa-s strengthened round the collar, ' that it should not rend.'
W. E. Barnes.
HABOR (i'i=n; A'A/3iip,B"AjSiipand'Ai3iup, Babor), still called Khabour. Strabo (xvii. § 27) and Pro- copius (Bell. Pers. ii. 5) call it Aborr/uts {'A^d^fias), Isidore of Charax (p. 248) Ahuras ('A^oi;pas),Zosimus (iii. 12) Aboras (Afiapat), Pliny CImboras, Ptolemy (v. 18) Chaboras [Xa^uipa^). According to the Bible (2 K 17" 18", 1 Ch 5^), it flows through Gozan. The Habor is an important tributary of the Euphrates, risin" in Mons ^Iasius (now called Karej Dagh), to the N. of the celebrated city lids el-'Ain (Resaina), and flowing S.S.W., through a circuitous channel with fertile banks, into the Euphrates at Karkeseea = Abou-psera (I.ayard), after a course, to a great extent navigable, of nearly 200 miles. Sir H. Laj-ard, standing on the conical hill of Koukab (about lat. 36° 20' long. 41°), saw the main stream running from the N. W. and receiving (on the N.) the waters of the M3'gilonius (Jerujer), which entered it after passing Ni.sibis and other cities. Both banks are covered with mounds, doubtless remains of Assyrian cities. The name of the Habor is found in the Assyrian inscriptions.
Tiglatli-pileser I. (about B.C. 1120) boasts of having killed ten mighty elephants in the land of Haran and ' on the banks ot the Habor.' Assur- na?ir-apli (B.C. 885-8G0) crossed the Tigris, con- quered the district of the yarmi.'i (or (tar-rit or {fariit), then marched to the Euphrates after subjugating the district around the mouth of the Habor (pidte ia ndr Hahur, ' the mouths of the river Habor,' from winch it would seem that the river flowed into the Euphrates through several outlets). According to 2 K 17" 18" and 1 Ch 5» it was to the banks of this river that Shalmaneser and Sargon transported the exiled Israelites. It is now well known that this river has nothing to do with the ' Chel)ar ' of Ezekiel (P etc.). The name Habor is perhaps of non-Semitic origin, and may mean ' fisn-river ' {g'a ' fish ' -I- bur ' river,' Frd. Delitzsch). L A. PINCHES.
HACALIAH(.T'r:n,XtX/t(e).a,XA«ri«j(Lnc.),"AxaX<i AX, •AxeXid (10'), Neh 1' 10', AV Hachaliah).— The father of Nehemiah. The meaning of the name is doubtful ; Wellhausen would rend it as Hakk61ejah (":^;r), i.e. ' wait for J" ' ; cf. Is 8" C4>.
H. A. White.
HACHILAH (n^'jq 'dark'). —A hiding-place of David which was discovered to Saul by the Ziphites, 1 S 23" 20'-'. It was a hill (n;:)) in S. .luiliili, on the edge of the wilderness of Ziiih ; lying on the ' right ' (i.e. to the south) of the desert (i/f.ihimtJn), according to the lirst of the above passages, or, according to the second, 'before' (')?•'';•) the desert. It may Ik; the hill Dfihr elktilA, N. of Wady el-War [PEF Mem. ii.' 313; Buhl, GAP 07). Glaser (Skizze, ii. 326) wouhl read Uachilah also in 1 S 15' instead of Uanlah (''^'^q).
C. R. CONDER.
voi_ II. -i8
HACHMONI, HACHMONITE. — Both represent one and the same Heb. word 'jiD:n, but in 1 Ch 27" the latter is translated as a pr. name, ' Jehiel the son of Hachraoni,' whereas in 1 Ch 11" Jasho- beam is called ' a Hachmonite.' We should prob- ably render it in both ca-ses as a gentilic name. In 2 S 23", which is parallel to \ Ch 11", we have 'the Tahchemonite 'jic^n.3, which is probably a textual error for 'rar-n. (Cf. Klosterm., Driver, Wellbansen, Budde, Kittel, ad II. cit., and sen Adino, Jashobeam). J. A. Selbie.
HADAD (Tin, iiri, 'AdiS, 'ASdp).—i. Hadad waa the supreme Baal or god of Syria (Macrob. Saturn. i. 23. 18). The Assyr. inscriptions, however, identify him with the air-god Ramman or liininion, and accordingly in Zee 12'' we find Hadad-Kimmon, ' Hadad is Kiramon.' But it is probable that Rimmon in certain parts of Syria represented the sun-god, and not, as in Assyria, the god of the atmosphere. Besides Adad or Hadad, the cuneiform texts give the abbreviated Dadu and Dadda as in use among the Syrians, and from certain Bab. contract-tablets it would appear that Ben-Hadad, ' the son of Hadad,' was another Syrian deity, who, with his father Hadad and mother Atargatis (Athtar-Athi), made up the usual Semitic trinity. In the religions of Asia Minor the place of Ben- Hadad is taken by Attys, a name which may perhaps be the same as Hadad.
2. (niq) A son of Ishmael (Gn 25" = 1 Ch 1*>, A\ Iladar). The MT is supported by the LXX (XooSdi-, XaXod, XoJJdS, Xoi-Sdi/). The Samar. Pent, has 111, some MSS and the Pesh. have mn, Targ. Onk. has 11.1.
3. A king of Edom, son of Bedad (perhaps for Ben-Dadi ; Bu-Dadi is the name ot the Can. governor of Yurza [now Yerzeh], S.W. of Ta.anach in the Tel el-Amarna tablets). He came from the city of Avith, and 'smote Midian in the field of Moab' (Gn 36^ = 1 Ch 1«). See further, Hoinmel, AIIT, 221 f.