handled so roughly.
7
Uastinqs.
HANDSOMELY.— In Wis 13" the adv. tinrprrdt Ib translalcd in AV ' handsomely,' which seems a very appropriate translation. The Hishops' Bible has ' comely' (as adv.), nnil KV ' in comely form.' But it is verj' doubtful if that can be the meaning of ' handsomely' in AV. Coming from ' hand ' it
is equivalent in all early examples to 'handy,' i.e. aextero\isly, cleverly. Bishop Keith says of Hamilton's Catechism, 'It is a judicious comment- arj- u]ion the Commands, the Belief, Lord's Prayer, Magnificat, Ave .Maria ; and the author shows both his wisdom and moderation in hand.somely eviting to enter upon the controverted tojiics,' and the latest edition of the Catechism (Mitchell, e<l. 1882) is right in saying that ' harulsoind y eviting must mean artfully eludin/j.' Bp. Davenant in 1640 writes regarding his Animaaccrtions to Dr. Ward, and says, ' For this uce I would have a doozen at the least sent bound : some fairly for the Bishops, all hand.soniely ' (Fuller's ii/c of lip. Davenant, 1897, p. 447), where ' fairly ' means what we now express by ' handsomely,' while 'handsomely' refers to the workmanship, deftly. This is no doubt the meaning of ' handsomely' in AV. The Vulg. gives 'diligenter,' after which Wye. and Dou. ' diligently,' and it is to be observed that the reading in X is not euTrpeiris, but eirpfirCis. Rutherford (ie/<cr«. No. Ixv.) says, 'Christ hath so handsomely [i.e. dexterously] fitted for my shoulders this rough tree of the cross, as that it hurteth me noways.' The adj. 'hand.'ome' is in constant u.se in the same sense, as Tind. Pent. (Prul. to Lv), ' Fynallye beware of allegoryes, for there is not a moare handsome or aple a thinge to be gile withall then an allegorj'e, nor a more sotle and pestilent thinge in the world to persuade a false matter then an allegorye.' J. H.\.STIXCS.
HANDSTAVES (nuM:el yad --; Sp? Kzk 39').— A kind of club carried hy shepherds chielly for de-
J
SnEPIIERD'S OLDB AXP CItOOR.
fence against wild hea.«t.s. Goliath (1 S 17") asks David, ' Am I a dog that tliou comest to me with staves?' (niS?^ makloth). Cf. shcbhct under Oart.
W. E. Barnes. HANDWEAPON.— See Hand
HANDWRITING.— See Wkiting.
HANES (rin).— Is30*in a difficult context : 'Woe to the rebellious children . . . that walk to "O down into Kgj'pt and have not asked at my mouth, to strengthen them.selves in the strength of Pharaoh, and to trust in the shadow of Fgypt ! Therefore shall the strength of Pharaoh be your shame, and the trust in the sh.adow of Egypt vour confusion. For his princes are at Zoan, and his amba.s.sadors are come to Hanes.' There seems to be no antecedent to ' his' but Pharaoh, so some have thought that the last sentence refers to the movements of Pharaoh's advanced guard towards the frontier ; but it is usually consiilered that the princes and ambas.sadors were those of the king of .ludah. Zoan is well known to bo Tanis. Hanes might well represent the ancient Hunenseten in its pas.sage to the much abbreviated Coptic form HnCs. This was the name of the great city »l Heracleopolis Magna in Middle Kgypt. Aliu'it this time, corresponding to that of the 23rd to '25th dynasty in Egypt, that country wa.s in a feeble state, there lieing seldom if ever a central authority of sufficient power to keep local princes in check. Two invaders, the Eth. Piankhi and the Assyr. Esarhadilon, have given us lists of numerous indi'pendent princelings in ililVcrcnt citiesof Egj'pt. In tlie inscription of Piankhi one of these petty rulers is named as of Heracleopolis Magna, but there is no nvntion of one ul Tiuiis. In Esar
298
HANGING
IIANGINO
haildon'g list of petty stjites Tanis appears to bo one, and another isealled lUninslii ; but tlie latter is grouped «ith tlie cities of Lower E^-pt, and was apparently situated in the central part of tlie I>elta, so that it is dillieult to identify it with Hunenseten-HnCs, althouyli there are excellent etymol. and hist, reasons for so doing. There is indeed no sign of divisions in the country in the passage quoted from Is ; Pharaoh is nanieil in the sing, as at other times. But tlie two cities are evidently mentioned as leading ones, and it would be satisfactory to find them in the lists above referred to. If, as Esarliaddon's list would seem to indicate, Ilininshi is not llnfls, it may still, perhaps, represent the biblical H., otherwise the latter is prob. Heracleopolis Magna in Middle Kgypt. Naville has compared H. with Anysis, a city of Lower Egypt mentioned by Herodotus; again, K/tens seems to be the Egvp. name of a district in the N.E. delta. The L.^.X had lost the clue to the meaning of v.*, and substituted, ' For there are in Tanis princes, wicked messengers' (6ti litxli' iv Tdcct d.pxny°^ &yyf\oi •iTovT)pol). An Aram, version gives for Ilanes, Tahpanhcs, on the N.E. frontier of Egj-pt. There is at least some simi- larity in the names. F. Ll. Griffith.
HANGING is frequently mentioned in the OT, but it is very doubtful whether the word, in con- nexion with capital punishment, has ever the sense wliich it suggests to modern ears. As the analysis below will show, in most instances where the hanging (or hanging ui>) of a criminal is referred to, the meaning is that, after execution in some otlier form, his dead body was hung u]). Again, even if ' hanging ' sometimes designates a mode of execution, the probability is that it is impaling that is really meant. The scriptural terms and references are as follows : —