4. l"pii, Hiph. of yp; which in Qal means 'to be dislocated' (Gn 32-^ of Jacob's thigh) or fig. 'to be alienated ' (joined with i:'r: and followed by [D or ^I'O Jer 6«, Kzk 23"- '«), is' u.sed in2S21«-»of the 'hanging up' of Saul's sons by the Gibeonites (cf. v.'^ Hoph. ptcp. D'iP'oc). Its only other occurrence is Nu 25'' 'Take all the chiefs of the people and hang (ypi.i) them up unto the Loud.' The Oxf. Hcb. Lex. remark.s, 'some solemn form of execu- tion, liut meaning uncertain.' Dillmann, Kautzsch, and Kittel tr. simply ' aussetzen ' = ca;/wM. This follows the LXX, which has in 2 S iOKiiittv and in Nu wapaoeiy/jLariteiv. By others it is taken to mean impale (Ges., following Aq., dvajri/vTOi-ai) or crucify (Targ. nSs, Vulg. crm-ifujere, affigcre). Symm. has Kpe/j.i^ci.i' = ha)ig, Vulg in Nu sii.spen- dere, but it is probable that the word expressed something more than the ordinary nJ>o (Driver,
HANGING, HANGINGS
HAPHRAm
29»
Text of Sam. p. 209). In all probability we should read the same word (-i'p.i for 'ypn of M'l ) in 1 S '.iV, of the faj-teninK up of Saul's l)ody by the Philistines (so La};arde, followed by WcUhausen, Driver, Budde, Griitz, Klosterinann).
W. K. Smitli (A'6" 419) suggests that in the above passages in Nu and 2 S jirecijiitation from a ruck may bo intended. "Vhey fell all seven togetlier' {2 b 21"), and for this form of execution reference may be made to 2 K 8'^ 2 Ch 25", Hos 10". This explanation, however, seems to lack probability, particularly if we adopt tlie above textual emenda- tion of Lagarde in 1 S 31'°. J. A. Selbib.
HANGING, HANGINGS.— 1. The former is the
AV rendering of the Heb. term rpc, tlie name given in the l^riesl.s' Code (1) to tlie curtain or port if re closing tlie entrance to the Tabernacle from the surrounding court (Ex 26^-" 35" ' tlie h. for the door at tlie entering in of the tabernacle,' 39^ 40° etc.) ; (2) to a similar /Jor/iVVc closing the entrance to the court itself (Ex 35" 'the h. for tlie door of the court,' 38'« etc.) ; and (3) once, Nu 3»', for the ' veil ' .screening oil' the Holy of Holies from the rest of the Tabernacle, the usual name for whicli is nrnj (Ex 20^' and oft.), or more fully -j-n n:i? ( Ex 35'- Sg** 40^', Nu 4»). In all three cases, as we have said, the AV renders by ' liaiiging,' with the single exception of Nu .3''"', where we tinil ' curtain ' (see Curtain, 2). The Uevisers, however, have consistently rendered -if; by 'screen ' tliroughout.
2. The plur. form ' hangings,' on the other Iiand, is the equivalent of another teclinical term of llie Priests' Code, o-y^p (LXX Iffrla), the hangings which, suspended from pillars, fenced oil the court of the Tabernacle from the outer world (Ex 27°' " etc.), hence the fuller designation i;inn -y^p 'the hangings of the court' (Ex 3,")" 38» etc.).'
For the material, workmanship, and other details of these screens and hangings, see the general article TAliEltXACLE in this Dictionary.
3. In 2 K 23' we read of ' hangings for the Asherah' (RV), which the women wove even 'in the house of tlie LORU ' itself. The original, as the margin informs us, has ' liouses (::■)?;),' by which Jewish tradition understands ' tents ' (so KVm) to shelter the image of the goddess. It is extremely doubtful, however, if bdtim (or bottim) is correct in this connexion. The LXX has here a trans- literation of some dillerent readin" (A x''''''f'M, B x«''Tif'>'). Klostermann supposes that the Greek translators read D"n3, a copyist's error for D'jn3 = niji?: (cf. Luc. iTToXds). See further Oxf. Heb. Lex. i. lu'J'i, t.v. n:3. A. R. S. kii.VNF.Dy.
HANNAH (n;-i,' Afi-a, that is, grace). — One of the wives of an Enhraimite named Elkanah, who lived at Ramalliaim-zopliim (1 S l-"'). To her great distress H. had no children, and on the occasion of one of the yearly visits which she made with her husband to sacrifice to J" at Shiloli, whore the ark then wa.s, she vowed that, if the Lord would give her a son, she would devote him to Ilim under the vow of a Nazirite. Her prayer was heard, and a cliild was born, whom she named Siiniuel. As .soon as he was weaned, which acconl- ing to .lewish custom might not be until ho was alwut three years old, she took him u]> to Eli, the priest of the Lord, at Shiloli. On the same occasion she is reported to have given vent to her feelings in the beautiful song of 1 S 2'"'". It is necessary to note, however, that this song is ])ronounccd by modern criticism to bo wholly unsuitcd to H. a position and circumstances, and is thought to have been composed later in celebration of some national Buccess. If so, v.""" may have led to its a.s.sociation with H. (see Driver, LOT' 174). Of H.'s sub- sequent history we are told only that she wa.s in
the habit of bringing Samuel a little robe (mCU) from year to year when she came up to the yearly sacrifice; and that she became the mother oiothec three sons and two daughters (1 S 2-').
G. MlLLIGAN. HANNATHON (I'rnjr)).— A place on the N. border of Zebulun, Jos lO". The site is uncertain, but the name is probably to be identified with the Talmudic Capfuir Hannniah, which according to the Mishnah (see Neubauer, Gior/. <hi Talni. 179, 220) marked the limit of Upper Galilee. This is now Kefr 'AnUn, at the foot of the mountains of Upper Galilee and N.E. of Rimmon. See SH'P i. 205, 207. C. R. CoNDEU.