Hermon was held by Hivites (Jos 11'); it was the northern limit of conquest (12'' IS*-"). Its sacred character ajipears from Ps 89'- (where it is coupled with Tabor), and from the name Mount Baal-hermon (Jf; 3'), ' the mountain of the Baal of Hermon.' CiT 1 Ch ,5^. The dew of Hermon is noted as falling on Zion (Ps 133'), and its wild character is noticed in Ca 4". The fir trees of Senir are mentioned in Ezk 27'.
Mount Hermon is the most conspicuous feature in tlie scenery of Palestine, rising 9200 ft. above the Mediterranean in a dome-like summit, usually covered with snow till late in summer. There are three low peaks on the top, with a con- necting plateau. Lower domi, the sides are covered with vineyards round the Druze villages. On the sandstones to the west there are still pines and firs, but the upper part is quite barren, and covered with snow-worn gravel between the cliffs. This mountain is the only pl.ace where the Syrian bear is known to exist. The view from the top is magnificent, including the Lebanon and the plain round Damascus. Towards the west Tyre and Carmel are seen, on the south the mountains of Upper Galilee and the plains of Lower Galilee. The Hdleh lake and the Sea of Galilee lie beneath as on a map. This view is, however, obscured in summer by the sudden forma- tion of clouds on the summit.
Hermon was perhaps the ' high mountain ' of Mt 17', Mk 9^ ('the mountain' of Lk O^*) near CiBsarea Philippi, which was the scene of the Transfiguration and of the cloud which covered the disciples. In the Roman period it was a sacred centre, and small temples were built on the slopes on every side, while the highest point was encircled with a masonry wall, and seems to have sujiported an altar. Close by is a rock-cut chamber on the plateau. In the 4th cent. a.d. (see Onomast. s. ' Aermon ') there was still a temple at which the people of Paneas and Lebanon worshipped, on the summit of Hermon. In the 10th cent, it became the centre of the Druze religion, and to it Sheikh ed-Derftzi, the founder of the latter creed, retired from Egypt. At Hasbeya, on its western slopes, the sacred books of the sect were found by the French in 1860. Hermon is called Jehel csh- Sheikh, or ' mountain of the chief,' for this reasoi^
KEKMONITES
IIKRUD
3j3
bein^ the residence of the relij^ious Sheikh of the Dwi/A'a. Tiie translation sometimes sii«^'^ested, * ciiief of mountains,' is j^aminatically impossible. Ht^rmuu was visited by the present writer in 1873 (when the liei^^dit and *;eographical position were determined) and in 1SS2.
LiTKRATL'BE.— 5ir/'(Jerusalein volume, Appendix, and Volume of Spt'cial rui»crs); Robinson, BRP iii. .'167; Baecieker-Socin, Pal'-i aoi ; Conder, Tent -Work, ch. viii. ; liuhl. OAF 110; Neubauer, (jt'oij. du Tahn. 10, 39; Delitzsch, I'aratlie*, hH i Wetzstein, Xli'W v. (1S84) 115; W. K. .Smith. Ji.S^ 1)3. 145; Merrill, Kast of Jordan, 4:u : IIaI6vy, liKJ xx. 20ti ; ZPrV iv. 87, vi. «; XnMG xix. 17ii, 262; Driver on Di 3« and 4«; Moore on Jtf 3^. C. R. CONUKR.
HERMONITES (Ps 42«. AV).— See Heumon.
HEROD {Dynasty of),—
i. Index to Names of Family.
ii. Genealoffical Talile. Ui. ChronoloiMtrnI Table. iv. Oritfin of Dynasty.
V. Herod the Ort-at. r\. Successors of Ilorod.
(1) Archelaiis.
(2) Herod Antipas.
(3) I'ltilip.
(A) Htrod, called Philip. (6) At'rippa i. ({') Atrrippa ii. ▼iL Women of the Family.
(1) Herodias.
(2) Salome.
(3) Bernice.
(4) I>nisilla.
Tlii. Character or D^-nas^. Literature.
i. Index of Hkrod Family. — In this index every ineniljerof the family mentioned in Josephua is recorded. The numbers refer to the jrenealojjjical table. The names that occur in NT are printed in clarendon capitals.
AGRIPPA I. (49), son of AriBtohnhis, g^randson of Herod, king
of Ju(i:i.-a; m. C^-pros, dtr. of Phaaael. AnL xviii. v. 4, xix.
ix. 1 ; iiJ M. xi. (i : Ac 12. AGRIPPA II. (OU), son of Agrippa i. AnL xriu. v. 4, XIZ. ix.
1 ; //./ II. xi. 6 ; Ac 2^. 2(1. Ai,'rippa(t!4), son of Ari8tol)ulu8 and Salome. Ant. xvui. v. 4. Ak'i'ippa (73), son of Felix and DrusiUa. Ant. xx. vii. 2. Ag^rippitioH (78), dtr. of Mariamne. dtr. of Agrippa i. and
iHinclrius. Ant. xx. vlL 3. Alexander (2.'1). "on of Herod by Mariamne i. ; m. Olaphyra.
dtr. of Archulaus, king of Cappadocia ; put to death by hii
father in ».c. 7. Ant. xvni. v. 4, xvi. i. 2, xvi. xi. 6, Alexander (42). son of Phoaael and Salampsio. Ant. xviii. v. 4. Alexander (61), eon of Alexander, grandson of Herod. Ant.
XVUI. V. 4. Alexander (80), Bon of Tigranea (61X Ant, xviii. v. 4. Alexandra (43), dtr. of I'hnjuiel and Satanipsio. Ant. xviii. v. 4. AIexai*(Ut), 3nl husband of Siilome, Herod's yisl it. Ant. xvii. i. 1. Alexis Sfk'iaa(M). son of Alexaa(19); it is not stated whether
by Salome or not. Ant. xviii. v. 4. Anlipos or Antiitater (1), govenior of Idumea, grandfather of
H.rod. Ant. xiv. 1. 3. ANTIPAS (27). flon of Herod and Malthace ; telrarch of Galilee,
m. (l)dtr. of AretOK, (2) Herndiaa. Ii./ i. xxviii. 4 ; Ant, xvn. i.
3. XVIII. V. 4 ; Mt Ulti, Mk Oi* 1331 -^j? ^5, Lk3i- '» 87- ». Antipater (2), minister of Hyrcanus, father of Herod. Ant.