LlTKRiTi'RB— Schleusner, Ltx. XT; Suicer, Thet. /■;..•/., Comm. ad luc. ; Burton, llamp. Ltd. 1S2K, and c»p. L'anipl.ill, The your Gut]xU, vol. L Diss, ix. | lv.
J. V. Bartlet. HERETH (n-^n).— A forest (ly:) wliich was one of the hiding-places of David, 1 S 22». The LXX, reading 1-; instead of ii':, has iy wi\ti laptlK (B) . . . 'Apio^ (A). The reference mav be to the wooded mountain E. of Adullara, wliere the village of Khards now stands. See SWP vol. iii. sh. xxi.
C. R. CONDEIt.
HERITAGE is used in AV (and retained in RV
552
HERXIAS
HEmroN
except in 1 T 5* ' the charge allotted to you ' for AV 'God's heritage,'* Gr. ol icXflpoi) as a synonym for ' inherit-ance,' which haa now displaced it ex- cept in biblical language and Scots law. See Heir, Inheritance.
HERHAS CEp/iat). one of those sainted by St. Paul in Ro 16". The name 13 common amongst slaves (although not quite so much as Hernus). It was in its origin an abbreviated form of various names such as Hermagoriia, Hermodorus, Hcrnio- cenes. He is commemorated in the Uoman Calendar on May 9. According to the Menoloijium Basilianum, Nov. 4, he became Bishop of Pliilip- pojpolis in Thrace.
The name Hermas is also well known as that of the author, or at any rate the profe-ssed author, of the Pastor or Shepherd, a well-known allegorical work, belonging to an early period of Cliristian literature, wTiicE for a time made some claims to be inserted in the New Testament Canon (which see). Tliis book need only be referred to here, because from time to time its author has been identified witli the Hermes mentioned in Ilo 16". Origen, in his commentary on this passage, writes : ' I think that this Hermas is the author of the book called the Pastor, which appears to me a very useful writing {scriptum is not techni- cal), and, I think, divinely inspired.' Origen's statement is a pure conjecture, based api)arently only on the identity of name. His opinion was followed by others, but was never widespreail, as the book became less and less popular ; in later times it has been held by Cotelier, Ca\ e, Pearson, and others. There is little to be said for it. The name was about as common as John is with us, and gives no clue at all ; the date of the book may be doubtful, but its tone is certainly not that of the 1st cent.; the author never claims in any way to be a contemporary of the apostles, and very definite historical evidence places liim a little before the middle of tlie 2Md cent. Tliis is not the place to pursue tlie sub- ject further, but for tlie benefit of those un- acquainted with the book it may be stated that it consists of a series of Visions, Parables or Simili- tudes, and Mandates or Commands, conveying for the most part moral teaching, and has been called — not perhaps very happily — the PUgrim's Progress of the Early Church. A further account may be found in Diet. Chr. Biog., and a text and transla- tion in Lightfoot's Apostolic Fathers.
A. C. Headlam.
HERMES CEp/jfls).— The name of a Christian, quoted with some others in Ro 16". It is one of the commonest of all slave names. The Greek Menaea and Menologium make him Bishop of Salona in Dalmatia, and one of the Seventy dis- ciples. He was commemorated April 8.
A. C. Headlam.
HERMOGENES (Epy-oyiv-ns) is mentioned by St. Paul (2 Ti 1") as having, along \vith Phygelus and others in Asia, and in contrast to Onesiphorus, been ashamed of his chain. It is impossible now to say what form the denial took, or wliat led to it. Most likely it was caused by fear lest friend- ship with the imprisoned apostle might involve him in the same fate. Early traditions, of no historical value, however, associated him with magicians. Nothing is known of H. except what is stated by St. Paul, that he was of those in Asia who turned away. It is not easy to decide what is meant by those ' in Asia.' It has been variously held to mean, all Asiatics then in Home, the Ephesians who had accompanied St. Paul to Home,
• In Job 312, on the other hand, 'heritage* of RV takes the place of * iaheritance ' in AV ; the Heb. is the usual word
pablic opinion in Asia Minor, and the Asiatif sentiment in Rome. See Phygelus.
W. MuiR.
HERMON (ito^n, 'sacred [mountain]'; cf. Sab. cino 'teninle,' Arab, harnm, 'sacred enclosure,' and /ior;n/jA, 'asylum'). — The great outlier of Anti- lebanon, at the springs of Jordan. See Pales- tine. It was called Strion by the Zidonians, and Senir by the Amorites (Dt 3"). The first of these names is used poetically in Ps 29'. Senir occurs also in Ezk 27», Ca 4», 1 Ch S^. Perhaps it may be inferred from the latter two passages (where it is used along with Hermon) that Senir originally denoted a particular part of the mountain-range (so Driver, Buhl, etc.). The name appears in the cuneiform texts as Saniru (Schrader, KAT* 159 [COV 146]), and the Anti-lebanon N. of Damascus between Baalbek and Emesa is still called Sanlr by the Arabs. Sayce (RF' vi. 41, HUM 341) traces a knowledge oi the name Senir also to the Egyptians. In Dt 4^ another name, Sion ([><■■;')> is given to Hermon. It is held by some that Sion is here a textual error for Sirion (n^, the reading of Sjr. ), but this is doubtful (see Driver, ad loc). ' ^iount Hermon' (pD-in -in) is used in Dt 3», Jos 11" 12i» 13» ", 1 Ch 5'^, ' Her- mon' alone in Jos 11', Ps 89'» 133', Ca 4'. The circumstance that the mountain has three peaks accounts for the plur. form D'jiD-in ' the Hermons ' (RV ; not ' the Hermonites," AV) in P8 42».