• In apocalyptic literature this la a rdfiilar tomiula. often In- troducing an anlwiT to the ■cvr'a queittion ; see e.g. Zee li*-, Rev 71< 11* 14«, Ktwcli \lfi. SferrU <i,l Kiuvh 7> 1S> IIP, Apoe. Petfr \. .^. It is proliablr that Jude Ir.-xnicd the use of the plinue frora such writinpi, for which he clearly hati a special liking.
♦ Synimachus has the same close rendorlu(f (•«' wui»m*tawrii iavraw) whii'h St. Jude sceins to have here.
VOU II. — SI
alludes to the associations of the Hebrew word. The probability of these references taken together is greater tlian their probability when each is taken separately. So far as they go, they suggest that the writer of the Ep. was a Jew of Palestine, (ii.) The discovery of the text of the Greek ver- sion of the Book of Enoch (1-32) among the AkhmSm fragments has supplied new and import- ant material for the criticism of Jude. As this material does not appear as yet to have been fully utilized for this purpose, no apology is needed for the subjoined table giving coincidences of thought and language. On the quotation in v.'"- from Enoch (P), see the art. on Enoch in the NT.
JODK.
I'- vttt . . ._rirr.fiiifurtdl mXtf r»7l' IktM ifJU9 JMM li^rn Um4
* M raAxj wf»ylyp. lit vtZra ri KfiifJMf etrt^Ct, vr,t my Ouu tift^F X^^fi^* puroL*. til ifikyutir «. r*r ,U4,«> i. Kmi M. ilfJUn 'L X/. kfitijfUMt,
* i!iiiTm4 iwmi «^p««.
ra< rnt i«vT*» *PX^* i>X« •*•• XiTctrml ri iiitf timrriptot lit Kfiieir jjuyec\rit xfM^ttf iirtM*t{
19 filTa, rSt iixximi rr* tifr.ttt* rtififfUf M^Li tvi row iK>sxrtvf i^TM ryirr,fii:ffit xtu iVtjiN «4tj ■r* Kb^Mff yiir.riTeti iXttf.
Ifi irroi aiwrtit . . . ra* tXi«c s«j lior,»tt.
0710 'The judpmentwill come upon them, because they be- lieve in the lust of their body and have denied the Spirit of the Lord.' The reference to this denial ia frequent; see Charlca* note on ab"-^.
The sin of impurity is con- ■tantly denounced in Enoch ; on the sin of the augels see below.
The words i.ri$yit, a«-t'.ii'«, uwi^Ct are characteristic of Enoch. They occur 4 times in 1» ( = Judei«). Cf. '.,^':fl 10*> 132 2213. See below on V. 18.
13 %Mat/g» Txp' atvriw T«*Ta Mtti iytat* iyii dutpHr.
2£fl Ttpi wtttrtn liiiuLt StKtt.
Cf. the J3ook 0/ the Secrets 0/ Enoch 401- » 012 'I knew all things.'
The fall of the angels through lust is one of the main subjects of Enoch; see Off. 12* 16> 19" OEM'- 8(P>' lOfll*.
Parallels to particular phrases : (1) D^f- watra rv^ifif « ITCirl* . . . '^tu4it\eit, • vr,9 i{S(/r'«t tiatxAt ifix*" ^** 'y* mirri Hf^ut ifrm*. (2) 12* «T#- ytwttril rir tiifixiit r»r (rtJ/>iX«. 159 ii» ri iwiXJnri t«» tCfia»»f T«. ^sJ.«F 1 (3) 16"- i. T« tupxt^ r K^rtiKrirtt rniirir . . . asi iZt 41 yiysirw . . . it rri yr n KeirtiKnrit iLyrmw irrmt. '11* Sil irrtu ri atmnrr.fitf. Cf. 3i<2. (4) IV" hitn nt 'ACafX rtrit tuti x>."'*, *"' 04i^ mirit t.t ri rx«r*v . . . a»i iwituiXu^»t *yrm ri gitirK mmi tiJmfttrm \ku its riiit i*.«^pa* . . . «sj i* r^ 4/M>« Th, ^uy»\ni .'"i«T] mfiruH •«c;);9rrtTdu lit rM imfiru*'. \Q\i 101 tux^t ^t**p*t riMiir- rut, r^t xiirutt r^t fMymXtn. 191 tw^^.'j Trf fMyiiX*t npirttti. 22*- 11 t**Xf* ^t uiymAn* iM^r ^» MfiruK, 25* 27« !i4« S4« 9I'» »4> %>0.' (6) lO'S li'c ri >iru«. rripitt rviaMiruH ■I'war. 12^ tlr^F.rtirKj lit rii m^iwm 211^ £dl rv>r^l(Frr«rraj UJrM mliiH bl rii «iv,s. 2211 i^t, ),;rii a^TM^iX/t«-'^>«. 5I>8S>10S9 *Into darkness and chaina Oit net).' (0) 10« (see abore (4)). KP w l4t»An ••rt. 821' * [>arkneas nil! be piled U|>oa their ta.-ea.' Cf. Bock of th» Seertlt 0/ fnocA IS* 'They fthe ri'lK-llious angels] ar« kept in great darkni-sa.'
In 07* tile country near the Dead S^a U connected with the pMni»hni<-Tit of the angels. 'That valley of the angels who had seduc^ mankind burned
* The phraM occur* in the Soot 0/ Jtibilm* tS. ' unque Id diem lu(licii magnl.' Cf. Book 0/ Ijit .Seeirf* nt Enoeh IS« ' They will he puiiisheJ at the gn-at day of the Ixjrd' ; 44» 4S»60* »«* ' In the day of the great Judgment-'
802
JUDE, EPISTLE OF
JUDK, EPISTLE OF
J DDE. f wfOKUtrtt4 iuyua
Esoca. continually under the earth there."
tjyri 'This judgment where- with Che on^ela are judgtd ia a testimony for the kin^^s," etc.
Secrets 0/ Enoch 19» 20l 21^
In 227 (cf. 853f ) Coin is men- tioned OS the murderer of Abel.
943 ' Walk not in the path o( wickedness nor in the paths of death.' Then foUowe a long series of woes.
In 2-6 all things are repre- sented as ohejing the divine will oi ^rrit^K, TK it*ipx, ^
' In the days of the sinners . . . their seed will be tardy on their lands and tlelds . . . the rain will be kept back . . . the fruits of the trees will be backward . . . many chiefs of the superior stars will err.'
ftiS rM*Tm/t ti( miaira, virriprsTMi. puy^>^ leaio/jUtae. . . . itfffjtMTr.ptot V0UT9 iyiviTt Tilt kirrpoK. The punishment of the stars is re- ferred to in 213^ 902*. ^
IS ii«r« rot; ifltirTM* iwiBufUait 13> vipl vaifTttr raif ipyttf vaii
*i wp^htx<>i^*'>i ■»■• »A.»^ rev If* At the time of the judg- mffitv iifdSit 'I. X^. ment it' ecCrout [roue hxaieve]