Doors or gates are sometimes barred on the inside. The bar often extends from post to post across the door, but frequently the bar is inserted into a recess in the wall from whicli it is partly withdrawn, and so secures the door.
Kor use of ' keys ' in Ml 10'" .^ee art. I'OWER OF Key.s. W. Carslaw.
KEZIAH (nv'sp, i.e. cassia, or ' fragrant as cin- namon'). — The name of the second ilaugliter born to Job after his restoration to prosperitj- (.)ob 42''').
KIBROTH-HATTAAYAH (rrKWi mp).—A station in the wanderings of the Isr.ielites on the journey from Sinai to Kadesh, and within one day s journey from Sinai, Nu 11" 33", Dt 9». Its identihcation depends, therefore, on those of Sinai and Kadesh (which .see). The traditional site, as early as the days of St. Sylvia of A()uilaine (c. A.D. 3S8), was a little to the north of the Nitkh elllawn, or 'Pass of the Wind,' by which travellers are *ont to reach expeditionsly the plain at the foot of the traditional Sinai ('hie autem locus, ubi se montes aperiebant, iunctus est cum eo loco quo sunt memurite conciipisrentue '). The name, ' graves of lust,' seems to imply something of a monumental character (? cairn, cromlech).
J. Ke.ndel Harris.
KIBZAIM.— See Jokmeam.
KID.— See Go.<T.
KIDNEYS.— The Heb. word Wayah (nl7?, L.XX Rnd Kev 2-^ vf^poO has received two di.stinct render- ings in our KVV according o-s it is used literally or figuratively.
1. lu the literal sense kil&y 6th is used only of the kidneys of animals offered in Muirilice (except in three poetical passages. Job 16", I's 139", La 3", where it refers to tne linman organs), and is so rendered. By the law of the Priest*' Code, 'the two kidneys and the fat that is ujion thorn, which is by the Hanks' (UV loins'), along with certain other parts of the viscera, were J"8 special share of all the sacrilicial victims. Special instructions to this ellect are given (Lv 3*-'<>-") for the various victims in the case of the peaco-ollering— the re- maining portions of the carcase being couMiiiied by the worshippers, the blood, of course, always ox- ceptoJ— for the sin-offering (4»), the trespa-ssoH'cring (7*), and, in narrative fonn, for the special conse- cration sacrilices (8"- "• *, Kx '2!l'»- "). In the case of sacrilicial victims b\imt entire u|>on the altar, such instructions weie unneces-sary. The mwon fftrt of the fioculiar sanctity atlJicbing to these parts of the viscera is to lie found in the idea, com-
■8»«tha coloured IllultrsUan* In Drivir aod WblU'l Lnitieut Htupt't SBOT\ laciiig p. i.
inon to the Semitic and other ancient peoples, that these parts were, next to the blood, the seat of liie (see e.sp. liS^ j). 359 ff.), and accordingly, with the blood, to be given back to the Author of life. With the advance of reflexion and speculation on the mystery of life, the practice found its justification rather in the thought that the parts specified, and the kidneys in particular, were the clioicest por- tions of the victim, and therefore appropriately devoted to J". This point of view led to the poetical figure in the comparatively late ' Song of ftloses,' the 'kidney-fat of wheat '^ (Dt 32", EV ' the fat of kidneys of wheat ') to express the finest variety of that cereal (cf. Is .34' ' the kidney-fat of rams').
2. A natural extension of the idea of the kidneys as an important seat of life led to their being regarded as one of the organs of feeling, as the seat not only of impulse and affection, but of the moral sentiments(8eeDelit2sch,Zii6/Ka/ Psychology, §xiii. ; Dillmann, Handb. d. AT Thculugie, p. 359). In this, to us figurative, sense our translators have adopted the rendering ' reins ' (from Lat. renes, ' kidneys '), as also in the three poetical passage? cited above (under 1). Jeremiah in particular is fond of this use of the word kildy/ith as a synonym of Uhh, the heart. Thus J " is said to be ' near in the mouth of the wicked, but far from their ' reins ' (Jer 12=), a thought expressed by Isaiah (29") and Ezekiel (33") by the contrast of ' mouth ' and ' heart.' Jeremiah also repeatedly emphasizes J'"8 character as the supreme Judge who ' tries the reins and heart' of men (Jer 11", with slight variations W" 20"; cf. Ps 2C=, Rev 2»). The kidneys or reins are also represented in poetry as the seat of conscience, man's moral te.'icher (Ps 7* 'my reins instruct me'), monitor (73" 'I was pricked in my reins'), and approving judge (Pr 23'" ' my reins shall rejoice, when thy lips speak right things'). With this tliouglit may be com-
Iiared the late Jewish conceit that of man's two ;idneys, 'one prompts him to do good, the other to do evil ' (Talmud, Berakhoth (iln ; cf. Ho 7""). A. R. S. Ken.nedv.
KIDRON.THE BROOK (['mp Vo;[i.e. ' the torrent- valley ur wady of Kidron ] ; L.XX i x"'"'/'p<"'' KfSpuK, but twice (2 S 15»" [BIHA], 1 K l.j' .\B) i Xtifiiyjiovt Twr KiSpuiu, once (Jer 31 [Gr. 38]*) i-dxa^ (B ; A xe'M<'/JA««] K- : NT. <>"'y 'i Jn 18' 4 X"M«'/5/5ow ruv K/Jpux, or according to some MSS, ToO Kiipov or roO KtSpwv). — A deep depression in the ground on the east side of Jerusalem, which is dry not only in summer but also during the greater ]iart of the winter sea-son, but in which after heavy rains a torrent sometimes flows.